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Tissue-Engineered Heart Valves

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Heart Valves

Abstract

A tissue engineered heart valve (TEHV) could serve as a living, implantable valve replacement that would grow and adapt with the patient. A TEHV consists of relevant cells seeded on or entrapped in a scaffold material which is designed to degrade as the cells produce their own extracellular matrix components. Because the valve consists of living tissue, it can grow and remodel as a patient ages, making it an especially attractive replacement option for pediatric and young adult patients. To date, using various cell sources, scaffold materials, and/or in vitro culture protocols, several laboratories have produced TEHVs with the appropriate geometry and near-native mechanical properties. TEHVs implanted in the pulmonary position in sheep in our laboratory have shown promising short-term functionality but fail to maintain good performance after several months in vivo. Upcoming TEHV research will focus on optimization of TEHV components and in vitro culture conditions in order to improve long-term function post-implant, with the hope of performing human implants in the future.

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Abbreviations

αSMA:

α-Smooth muscle actin

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamics

DPD:

Diastolic pulse duplicator

EC:

Endothelial cells

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

EPC:

Endothelial progenitor cells

FSF:

Flex-stretch-flow

FSI:

Fluid–structure interaction

GAG:

Glycosaminoglycan

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cells

nhDF:

Neonatal human dermal fibroblasts

P4HB:

Poly-4-hydroxybutyrate

PEGDA:

Polyethylene glycol diacrylate

PGA:

Polyglycolic acid

PIV:

Particle image velocimetry

PLA:

Polylactic acid

PLGA:

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)

PLLA:

Poly-l-lactide

SMC:

Smooth muscle cells

TEHV:

Tissue engineered heart valve

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, 312 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Jillian B. Schmidt BS

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, 312 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Robert T. Tranquillo PhD

Authors
  1. Jillian B. Schmidt BS
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  2. Robert T. Tranquillo PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert T. Tranquillo PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Mail Code 195, University of Minnesota, Delaware St. SE., 420, MINNEAPOLIS, 55455, Minnesota, USA

    Paul A. Iaizzo

  2. University of Minnesota, DELAWARE ST SE MMC 195 420, MINNEAPOLIS, 55455, Minnesota, USA

    Richard W. Bianco

  3. University of Minnesota, Department of Surgery, Medtronic, Inc., N/A, Minneapolis, 55432, Minnesota, USA

    Alexander J. Hill

  4. University of Minnesota, N/A, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota, USA

    James D. St. Louis

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Schmidt, J.B., Tranquillo, R.T. (2013). Tissue-Engineered Heart Valves. In: Iaizzo, P., Bianco, R., Hill, A., St. Louis, J. (eds) Heart Valves. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6144-9_11

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