Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of Taurine Haloamines (TauCl and TauBr) on the Development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm: A Preliminary Study

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Taurine 8

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 775))

Abstract

Biofilms are consortia of microorganisms (sessile cells) that form on various surfaces including mucosal membranes or teeth. Bacterial biofilms cause many human infections such as chronic sinusitis, acne vulgaris, periodontal diseases, and chronic wounds. These infections are persistent as they show increased resistance to antibiotics and host defense system. Taurine chloramine (TauCl) and taurine bromamine (TauBr) are the physiological products of activated neutrophils, resulting from the reaction between taurine with hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypobromous acid (HOBr), respectively. It has been shown in vitro that taurine haloamines exert antimicrobial properties against various pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, clinical studies have shown that both haloamines are effective in the local treatment of skin and mucose infections, including biofilm-related infections. Nevertheless, it has been not tested yet whether they can kill bacteria hidden in biofilm or disrupt biofilm structure. In this study we have investigated the capacity of TauCl and TauBr to inhibit in vitro the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilm. We have also tested their ability to destroy the mature biofilm. Our results suggest that TauBr is able to inhibit in vitro the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilm but cannot destroy the mature biofilm and effectively killed hidden bacteria. In further studies, the combined effect of TauBr and DNase, one of suggested biofilm inhibitors, was tested. Together, we conclude that TauBr is a better than TauCl candidate for local therapy of biofilm-related infections. However, a combined therapy, an application of TauBr together with other anti-biofilm agents (e.g., DNase), seems to be more promising.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

Tau:

Taurine

TauCl:

Taurine chloramine

TauBr:

Taurine bromamine

P. aeruginosa :

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

CFU:

Colony forming units

References

  • Allesen-Holm M, Barken KB, Yang L, Klausen M, Webb JS, Kjelleberg S, Molin S, Givskov M, Tolker-Nielsen T (2006) A characterization of DNA release in Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures and biofilms. Mol Microbiol 59(4):1114–1128

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bjarnsholt T, Kirketerp-Møller K, Jensen PØ, Madsen KG, Phipps R, Krogfelt K, Høiby N, Givskov M (2008) Why chronic wounds will not heal: a novel hypothesis. Wound Repair Regen 16(1):2–10

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burkhart CG, Burkhart CN, Lehmann PF (1999) Acne: a review of immunologic and microbiologic factors. Postgrad Med J 75:328–331

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Costerton JW (2002) Anaerobic biofilm infections in cystic fibrosis. Mol Cell 10(4):699–700

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fazli M, Bjarnsholt T, Kirketerp-Møller K (2009) Nonrandom distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in chronic wounds. J Clin Microbiol 47:4084–4089

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fux CA, Costerton JW, Stewart PS, Stoodley P (2005) Survival strategies of infectious biofilms. Trends Microbiol 13(1):34–40

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fuxman Bass JI, Russo DM, Gabelloni ML, Geffner JR, Giordano M, Catalano M, Zorreguieta A, Trevani AS (2010) Extracellular DNA: a major proinflammatory component of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. J Immunol 1(184(11)):6386–6395

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaut JP, Yeh GC, Tran DH, Byun J, Henderson JP, Richter GM, Brennan ML, Lusis AJ, Belaaouaj A, Hotchkiss RS, Heinecke JW (2001) Neutrophils employ the myeloperoxidase system to generate antimicrobial brominating and chlorinating oxidants during sepsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci 98:11961–11966

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghafoor A, Hay ID, Rehm BH (2011) Role of exopolysaccharides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation and architecture. Appl Environ Microbiol 77(15):5238–5246

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gottardi W, Nagl M (2002) Chemical properties of N-chlorotaurine sodium, a key compound in the human defence system. Arch Pharm 335(9):411–421

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gottardi W, Nagl M (2010) N-chlorotaurine, a natural antiseptic with outstanding tolerability. J Antimicrob Chemother 65:399–409

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gstöttner M, Nagl M, Pototschnig C, Neher A (2003) Refractory rhinosinusitis complicating immunosuppression: application of N-chlorotaurine, a novel endogenous antiseptic agent. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 65(5):303–305

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hall-Stoodley L, Nistico L, Sambanthamoorthy K, Dice B, Nguyen D, Mershon WJ, Johnson C, Hu FZ, Stoodley P, Ehrlich GD, Post JC (2008) Characterization of biofilm matrix, degradation by DNase treatment and evidence of capsule downregulation in Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates. BMC Microbiol 8:173

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holmberg A, Lood R, Mörgelin M, Söderquist B, Holst E, Collin M, Christensson B, Rasmussen M (2009) Biofilm formation by Propionibacterium acnes is a characteristic of invasive isolates. Clin Microbiol Infect 15(8):787–795

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leid JG, Willson CJ, Shirtliff ME, Hassett DJ, Parsek MR, Jeffers AK (2005) The exopolysaccharide alginate protects Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm bacteria from IFN-gamma-mediated macrophage killing. J Immunol 175(11):7512–7518

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mah TF, O’Toole GA (2001) Mechanisms of biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents. Trends Microbiol 9:34–39

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mann EE, Wozniak DJ (2011) Pseudomonas biofilm matrix composition and niche biology. FEMS Microbiol Rev. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00322.x

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcinkiewicz J (2009) Taurine bromamine: a new therapeutic option in inflammatory skin diseases. Pol Arch Med Wewn 119:673–675

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marcinkiewicz J, Mak M, Bobek M, Biedroń R, Białecka A, Koprowski M, Kontny E, Maśliński W (2005) Is there a role of taurine bromamine in inflammation? Interactive effects with nitrite and hydrogen peroxide. Inflamm Res 54(1):42–49

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marcinkiewicz J, Chain B, Nowak B et al (2000) Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of hypochlorous acid: interactions with taurine and nitrite. Inflamm Res 49:280–289

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marcinkiewicz J, Biedroń R, Białecka A et al (2006) Susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis to killing by MPO-halide system products. Implication for taurine bromamine as a new candidate for topical therapy in treating acne vulgaris. Arch Immunol Ther Exp 54(1):61–68

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marcinkiewicz J, Wojas-Pelc A, Walczewska M, Lipko-Godlewska S, Jachowicz R, Maciejewska A, Białecka A, Kasprowicz A (2008) Topical taurine bromamine, a new candidate in the treatment of moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris. Eur J Dermatol 18:433–439

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martins M, Henriques M, Lopez-Ribot JL, Oliveira R (2012) Addition of DNase improves the in vitro activity of antifungal drugs against Candida albicans biofilms. Mycoses 55(1):80–85

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montanaro L, Poggi A, Visai L, Ravaioli S, Campoccia D, Speziale P, Arciola CR (2011) Extracellular DNA in biofilms. Int J Artif Organs 34(9):824–831. doi:10.5301/ijao.5000051

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagl M, Nguyen VA, Gottardi W et al (2003) Tolerability and efficacy of N-chlorotaurine in comparison with chloramine T for treatment of chronic leg ulcers with a purulent coating: a randomized phase II study. Br J Dermatol 149:590–597

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagl M, Teuchner B, Pöttinger E, Ulmer H, Gottardi W (2000a) Tolerance of N-chlorotaurine, a new antimicrobial agent, in infectious conjunctivitis – a phase II pilot study. Ophthalmologica 214(2):111–114

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagl M, Hess MW, Pfaller K, Hengster P, Gottardi W (2000b) Bactericidal activity of micromolar N-chlorotaurine: evidence for its antimicrobial function in the human defense system. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44:2507–2513

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Toole GA, Kaplan HB, Kolter R (2000) Biofilm formation as microbial development. Annu Rev Microbiol 54:49–79

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reuter M, Mallett A, Pearson BM, van Vliet AHM (2010) Biofilm formation by Campylobacter jejuni is increased under aerobic conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 76(7):2122–2128

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryder C, Byrd M, Wozniak DJ (2007) Role of polysaccharides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development. Curr Opin Microbiol 10(6):644–648

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland IW (2001) The biofilm matrix – an immobilized but dynamic microbial environment. Trends Microbiol 9(5):222–227

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tascini C, Gemignani G, Palumbo F, Leonildi A, Tedeschi A, Lambelet P, Lucarini A, Piaggesi A, Menichetti F (2006) Clinical and microbiological efficacy of colistin therapy alone or in combination as treatment for multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa diabetic foot infections with or without osteomyelitis. J Chemother 18:648–651

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whitchurch CB, Tolker-Nielsen T, Ragas PC, Mattick JS (2002) Extracellular DNA required for bacterial biofilm formation. Science 295(5559):1487

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao G, Hochwalt PC, Usui ML, Underwood RA, Singh PK, James GA, Stewart PS, Fleckman P, Olerud JE (2010) Delayed wound healing in diabetic (db/db) mice with Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm challenge: a model for the study of chronic wounds. Wound Repair Regen 18(5):467–477

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yang L, Barken KB, Skindersoe ME, Christensen AB, Givskov M, Tolker-Nielsen T (2007) Effects of iron on DNA release and biofilm development by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiology 153(Pt 5):1318–1328

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yazdanbakhsh M, Eckmann CM, Roos D (1987) Killing of schistosomula by taurine chloramine and taurine bromamine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 37:106–110

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We want to thank Prof. Waldemar Gottardi and Prof. Marcus Nagl from the Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria, for giving us N-chlorotaurine sodium salt. This paper was supported by Jagiellonian University Medical College grant No K/ZDS/002964, grant No K/ZDS/002861 and grant N N 401 547 040.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland

    Janusz Marcinkiewicz & Maria Walczewska

  2. Department of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland

    Magdalena Strus, Agnieszka Machul & Diana Mikołajczyk

Authors
  1. Janusz Marcinkiewicz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Magdalena Strus
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Maria Walczewska
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Agnieszka Machul
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Diana Mikołajczyk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Janusz Marcinkiewicz .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. City University of New York, Center for Developmental Neuroscience, College of Staten Island, 2800 Victory Blvd, Staten Island, 10314, New York, USA

    Abdeslem El Idrissi

  2. City University of New York, Department of Biology, College of Staten Island, Victory Blvd 2800, Staten Island, 10314, New York, USA

    William J. L'Amoreaux

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this paper

Cite this paper

Marcinkiewicz, J., Strus, M., Walczewska, M., Machul, A., Mikołajczyk, D. (2013). Influence of Taurine Haloamines (TauCl and TauBr) on the Development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm: A Preliminary Study. In: El Idrissi, A., L'Amoreaux, W. (eds) Taurine 8. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 775. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_23

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation