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Prominin-1 (CD133): Molecular and Cellular Features Across Species

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Prominin-1 (CD133): New Insights on Stem & Cancer Stem Cell Biology

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 777))

Abstract

Our knowledge of the first member of the prominin family is growing rapidly as the clinical value of prominin-1 (CD133) increases with its ever-wider use as a stem cell marker in normal and cancer tissues. Although the physiological function of this evolutionally conserved pentaspan membrane glycoprotein remains elusive, several studies have revealed new biological features regarding stem cells, cancer stem cells, and photoreceptors. The wide expression of CD133 in terminally differentiated epithelial cells, long overlooked by many authors, has attracted significant interest through the extensive investigation of human prominin-1 as a potential target for cancer therapies in various organs. Biochemically, this cholesterol-binding protein is selectively concentrated in plasma membrane protrusions, where it is associated with cholesterol-driven membrane microdomains. Clinically, mutations in the PROM1 gene are associated with various forms of retinal degeneration, which are mimicked in genetically modified mice carrying either a null allele or mutated form of prominin-1. In this introductory chapter, we attempted to review 15 years of prominin-1 study, focusing on its unique protein characteristics across species and the recent developments regarding its cell biology that may shed new light on its intriguing involvement in defining cancer-initiating cells.

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Acknowledgements

We warmly thank all the collaborators for their major contributions to the prominin field during the last 15 years. We are indebted to Wieland B. Huttner, whose laboratory discovered murine prominin-1; David W. Buck, whose laboratory discovered human prominin-1; Marion A. Maw, who described the first mutation in the PROM1 gene; Anne-Marie Marzesco, who noticed prominin-1-containing membrane vesicles; and Peter Carmeliet, whose laboratory generated prominin-1 knockout mice. We thank Andrea Hellwig and Michaela Wilsch-Bräuninger for the excellent electron microscopy demonstrating the preference of prominin-1 for plasma membrane protrusions. The corresponding author (D.C.) wants to express here his particular gratitude to W.B. Huttner for his constant support. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) supported D.C. (SFB655 B3; TRR83 #6 and CO298/5-1). Intramural funds of the Medical Faculty of Technische Universität Dresden and DFG supported J.J. (MeDDrive38 grants and CO298/5-1, respectively).

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  1. Tissue Engineering Laboratories (BIOTEC), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307, Dresden, Germany

    Denis Corbeil Ph.D., Jana Karbanová, Christine A. Fargeas & József Jászai

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  1. Denis Corbeil Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Denis Corbeil Ph.D. .

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    Denis Corbeil

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Corbeil, D., Karbanová, J., Fargeas, C.A., Jászai, J. (2013). Prominin-1 (CD133): Molecular and Cellular Features Across Species. In: Corbeil, D. (eds) Prominin-1 (CD133): New Insights on Stem & Cancer Stem Cell Biology. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 777. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5894-4_1

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