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Activation of Immune-Mediated Tumor Cell Death by Chemotherapy

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Cell Death Signaling in Cancer Biology and Treatment

Part of the book series: Cell Death in Biology and Diseases ((CELLDEATH))

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Abstract

Like pathogens, tumor cells express a range of antigens that can be recognized by the immune system and are therefore susceptible to immune-mediated death. It is widely recognized that the immune system plays a significant role in preventing cancer development through the elimination of malignant and pre-malignant cells, and in controlling tumor growth, once this protective mechanism has failed. The capacity of the immune system to contribute to the success of anti-cancer therapy, however, is a more recent concept. Originally assumed to have a detrimental effect on anti-tumor immunity due to its indiscriminate targeting of proliferating cells, including lymphocytes, it has now emerged that chemotherapy can enhance anti-tumor immune responses through altering the level and context of antigen presentation to immune effectors and through altering the immunological milieu, creating a favorable environment for the generation of anti-tumor immunity. Activation of immune-mediated tumor cell death by chemotherapy opens the door to the possibility of novel treatment strategies combining standard chemotherapy with immunotherapy agents aimed at enhancing such responses. Preclinical studies and early phase trials of combination chemoimmunotherapy have produced promising results. However, it is becoming clear that synergy is dependent not only on the drugs selected, but also on the intrinsic properties of the host and the tumor. Development of such combination regimens will therefore require careful design and an individualized approach.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia

    Melanie J. McCoy, Anna K. Nowak & Richard A. Lake

  2. St John of God Health Care, Subiaco, Western Australia

    Melanie J. McCoy

  3. National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, Perth, Australia

    Anna K. Nowak & Richard A. Lake

  4. Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia

    Anna K. Nowak

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  1. Melanie J. McCoy
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  2. Anna K. Nowak
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  3. Richard A. Lake
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Correspondence to Melanie J. McCoy .

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  1. Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Division of Hematology/Oncology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Daniel E. Johnson

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McCoy, M.J., Nowak, A.K., Lake, R.A. (2013). Activation of Immune-Mediated Tumor Cell Death by Chemotherapy. In: Johnson, D. (eds) Cell Death Signaling in Cancer Biology and Treatment. Cell Death in Biology and Diseases. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5847-0_14

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