Abstract
Recent advances in genetic engineering, composite science, and natural fiber development offer significant opportunities for developing new, improved materials from renewable resources that can biodegrade or be recycled, enhancing global sustainability. A wide range of high-performance, low-cost materials can be made using plant oils, natural fibers, and lignin. By selecting the fatty acid distribution function of plant oils via computer simulation and the molecular connectivity, chemical functionalization and molecular architecture can be controlled to produce linear, branched, or cross-linked polymers. These materials can be used as pressure-sensitive adhesives, elastomers, rubbers, foams, and composite resins. This entry describes the chemical pathways that were used to modify plant oils and allow them to react with each other and various comonomers to form materials with useful properties.
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This chapter was originally published as part of the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology edited by Robert A. Meyers. DOI:10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3
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- Composite materials:
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Are engineered or naturally occurring materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties which remain separate and distinct at the microscopic scale.
- Lignin:
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Is a complex chemical compound most commonly derived from wood and an integral part of the secondary cell walls of plants and some algae.
- Triglyceride:
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Is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids. It is the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats.
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Wool, R.P. (2013). New Polymers, Renewables as Raw Materials. In: Anastas, P., Zimmerman, J. (eds) Innovations in Green Chemistry and Green Engineering. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5817-3_7
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