Abstract
Most problems with incinerator plant proper are basically mechanical and arise mainly at two levels: (a) the introduction of waste into the furnace and (b) the extraction of the various combustion residues. Both should proceed without undesirable and uncontrolled entrance of ambient air.
This chapter was originally published as part of the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology edited by Robert A. Meyers. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Buekens A, Schoeters J (1984) Final Report Thermal methods in waste disposal – pyrolysis, gasification – incineration – RDF-firing, Contract Number ECI 1011/B 7210/83B
Achternbosch M, Richers U (2002) Materials flows and investment costs of flue gas cleaning systems of municipal solid waste incinerators. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Wissenschaftliche Berichte (FZKA), Karlsruhe, 6726
Hämmerli H (1991) Grundlagen zur Berechnung von Rostfeuerungen. In: Reimann D (ed) Rostfeuerungen zur Abfallverbrennung. EF-Verlag, Hrsg
European Commission (2006) Integrated pollution prevention and control – reference document on the best available techniques for waste incineration
Buekens A (2008) Solving emission problems in a fluid bed MSWI. In: 5th i-CIPEC: international conference on combustion, incineration/pyrolysis and emission control – eco-conversion of biomass and waste, Chiang Mai
Commission Decision of 3 May 2000 replacing Decision 94/3/EC establishing a list of wastes pursuant to Article 1(a) of Council Directive 75/442/EEC on waste and Council Decision 94/904/EC establishing a list of hazardous waste pursuant to Article 1(4) of Council Directive 91/689/EEC on hazardous waste (notified under document number C(2000) 1147)
Ferziger JH, Peric M (2001) Computational methods for fluid dynamics, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin, http://elib.tu-darmstadt.de/tocs/100561322.pdf
Reményi K (1987) Industrial firing. Akadémiai Kiado, Budapest, 496 p
Ferziger JH, Peric M (2001) Computational methods for fluid dynamics, 2nd edn. Springer, New York, http://elib.tu-darmstadt.de/tocs/100561322.pdf
Yang YB, Nasserzadeh V, Swithenbank J (2002) Mathematical modelling of MSW incineration in a travelling bed. J Waste Manag 22(4):369–380
Yang YB, Goodfellow J, Nasserzadeh V, Swithenbank J (2002) Parameter study on the incineration of MSW in packed beds. J Inst Energy 75(504):66–80
Lim CN, Nasserzadeh V, Swithenbank J (2001) The modelling of solid mixing in waste incinerator plants. J Powder Technol 114(1):89–95
SUWIC papers (2011) http://www.suwic.group.shef.ac.uk/Journal%20Papers.html. Accessed 29 Dec 2011
Buekens A, Mertens J, Schoeters J, Steen P (1979) Experimental techniques and mathematical models in the study of waste pyrolysis and gasification. Conserv Recycl 3(1):1–23
Moilanen A (2006) Thermogravimetric characterisations of biomass and waste for gasification processes, VTT Publications 607. 103 pp. + app. 97 pp. Espoo, Finland
Nasserzadeh V, Swithenbank J, Lawrence D, Garrod N, Jones B (1995) Measuring gas-residence times in large municipal incinerators, by means of a pseudo-random binary signal tracer technique. J Inst Energy 68(476):106–120
Gorman P, Bergman F, Oberacker D (1984) Field experience in sampling hazardous waste incinerators. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/600/D-84/134 (NTIS PB84201573)
Carroll GJ (1994) Pilot scale research on the fate of trace metals in incineration. In: Hester RE (ed) Waste incineration and the environment. Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), Cambridge, pp 95–121
http://cfr.vlex.com/vid/270-62-hazardous-waste-incinerator-permits-19820277, (2010). Accessed 29 Dec 2011
Dellinger B, Torres JL, Rubey WA, Hall DL, Graham JL (1984) Determination of the thermal decomposition properties of 20 selected hazardous organic compounds. Prepared for the U.S. EPA Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory. Prepared by the University of Dayton Research Institute. EPA-600/2-84-138. NTIS PB-84-232487
von Paczkowski K (1979) Der Kessel als Bestandteil einer Müllverbrennungsanlage. Seine Entwicklung, sein Entwurf, WÄRME 85:121–125
von Paczkowski K (1984) Tendenzen bei Kesseln in Müllverbrennungsanlagen. In: Thome-Kozmiensky KI (ed) Recycling international. EF-Verlag, Berlin
Jachimowski A (1978) Kessel für Abfallverbrennungsanlagen. Chemie-Technik 7:403–5
Rasch R (1976) Korrosionsvorgänge im Feuerraum. In Kumpf, Maas, Straub, Müll und Abfallbeseitigung, E. Schmidt Verlag, 39 Lfg/III, 7300
Vaughan DA, Krause HH, Boyd WK (1974) Study of corrosion in municipal incinerators versus refuse composition. EPA-R-800055
Schroer C, Konys J (2002) Rauchgasseitige hochtemperatur-korrosion in müllverbrennungsanlagen – ergebnisse und bewertung einer literaturrecherche. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (FZKA), Karlsruhe, 6695
Brossard JM, Lebel F, Rapin C, Mareche JF, Chaucherie X, Nicol F, Vilasi M (2009) Lab-scale study on fireside superheaters corrosion in MSWI Plants. In: Proceedings of the 17th annual north american waste-to-energy conference, NAWTEC17, 18–20 May 2009, Chantilly
Deuerling C, Maguhn J, Nordsieck H, Benker B, Zimmermann R, Warnecke R (2009) Investigation of the mechanisms of heat exchanger corrosion in a municipal waste incineration plant by analysis of the raw gas and variation of operating parameters. Heat Trans Engin 30(10–11):822–831
Olie K, Vermeulen PL, Hutzinger O (1977) Chlorodibenzop-dioxins and chlorodibenzofurans are trace components of fly ash of some municipal incinerators in the Netherlands. Chemosphere 6:455–459
Rappe C, Andersson R, Bergqvist PA, Brohede C, Hansson M, Kjeller LO, Lindström G, Marklund S, Nygren M, Swanson SE, Tysklind M, Wiberg K (1987) Overview on environmental fate of chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans-sources, levels and isomeric pattern in various matrices. Chemosphere 16:1603
Rappe C, Andersson R, Bergqvist PA, Brohede C, Hansson M, Kjeller LO, Lindström G, Marklund S, Nygren M, Swanson SE, Tysklind M, Wiberg K (1987) Sources and relative importance of PCDD and PCDF emissions. Waste Manag Res 5(3):225–237
Huang H, Buekens A (1995) On the mechanisms of dioxin formation in combustion processes. Chemosphere 31:4099–4117
Weber R, Iino F, Imagawa T, Takeuchi M, Sakurai T, Sadakata M (2001) Formation of PCDF, PCDD, PCB, and PCN in de novo synthesis from PAH: mechanistic aspects and correlation to fluidized bed incinerators. Chemosphere 44:1429–38
Weber R, Sakurai T, Ueno S, Nishino J (2002) Correlation of PCDD/PCDF and CO values in a MSW incinerator–indication of memory effects in the high temperature/cooling section. Chemosphere 49:127–34
Sakai SI, Hayakawa K, Takatsuki H, Kawakami I (2001) Dioxin-like PCBs released from waste incineration and their deposition flux. Environ Sci Technol 35:3601–7
McKay G (2002) Dioxin characterisation, formation and minimisation during municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration: review. Chem Engin J 86:343–368
Everaert K, Baeyens J (2002) The formation and emission of dioxins in large scale thermal processes. Chemosphere 46:439–448
Stanmore BR (2004) The formation of dioxins in combustion systems. Combust Flame 136:398–427
Bumb RR, Crummett WB, Cutie SS, Gledhill JR, Hummel RH, Kagel RO, Lamparski LL, Luoma EV, Miller DL, Nestrick TJ, Shadoff LA, Stehl RH, Woods JS (1980) Trace chemistries of fire: a source of chlorinated dioxins. Science 210(4468):385–90
Karasek FW, Dickson LC (1987) Model studies of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin formation during municipal refuse incineration. Science 237(4816):754–756
Gullett BK, Bruce KR, Beach LO (1990) Formation of chlorinated organics during solid waste combustion. Waste Manag Res 8:203
Sidhu S, Edwards P (2002) Role of phenoxy radicals in PCDD/F formation. Int J Chem Kinet 34:531
Vogg H, Metzger M, Stieglitz L (1987) Recent findings on the formation and decomposition of PCDD/PCDF in municipal solid waste incineration. Waste Manag Res 5(3):285–294
Hagenmaier H, Kraft M, Brunner H, Haag R (1987) Catalytic effects of fly ash from waste incineration facilities on the formation and decomposition of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans. Environ Sci Technol 21(11):1080–1084
Stieglitz L, Zwick G, Beck J, Roth W, Vogg H (1989) On the de-novo synthesis of PCDD/PCDF on fly ash of municipal waste incinerators. Chemosphere 18:1219–1226
Schwarz G, Stieglitz L (1992) Formation of organohalogen compounds in fly ash by metal-catalyzed oxidation of residual carbon. Chemosphere 25(3):277–282
Stieglitz L, Jay K, Hell K, Wilhelm J, Polzer J, Buekens A (2003) Investigation of the formation of polychlorodibenzodioxins /- Furans and of other organochlorine compounds in thermal industrial processes, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Wissenschaftliche Berichte – FZKA 6867
Gullett B, Bruce K, Beach L (1990) The effect of metal catalysts on the formation of polychlorinated diobenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated diobenzofuran precursors. Chemosphere 20:1945–1952
Olie K, Addink R, Schoonenboom M (1998) Metals as catalysts during the formation and decomposition of chlorinated dioxins and furans in incineration processes. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 48:101–105
Kuzuhara S, Sato H, Kasai E, Nakamura T (2003) Influence of metallic chlorides on the formation of PCDD/Fs during low-temperature oxidation of carbon. Environ Sci Technol 37(11):2431–5
Hinton WS, Lane AM (1991) Characteristics of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash promoting the formation of polychlorinated dioxins. Chemosphere 22:473–483
Tuppurainen K, Halonen I, Ruokojärvi P, Tarhanen J, Ruuskanen J (1998) Formation of PCDDs and PCDFs in municipal waste incineration and its inhibition mechanisms: a review. Chemosphere 36(7):1493–1511
Addink R, Paulus RHWL, Olie K (1996) Prevention of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans formation on municipal waste incinerator fly ash. Environ Sci Technol 30(7):2350–2354
Pandelova M, Lenoir D, Schramm K-W (2007) Inhibition of PCDD/F and PCB formation in co-combustion. J Hazard Mater 149(3):615–8
Vehlow J, Braun H, Horch K, Merz A, Schneider J, Stieglitz L, Vogg H (1990) Semi-technical demonstration of the 3R process. Waste Manag Res 8(6):461–472
Weber R, Nagai K, Nishino J, Shiraishi H, Ishida M, Takasuga T, Kondo K, Hiraoka M (2002) Effects of selected metal oxides on the dechlorination and destruction of PCDD and PCDF. Chemosphere 46:1247–1253
Stach J, Pekarek V, Grabic R, Lojkasek M, Pacakova V (2000) Dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans on fly ash. Chemosphere 41:1881–1887
Alderman SL (2005) Infrared and X-ray spectroscopic studies of the copper (II) oxide mediated reactions of chlorinated aromatic precursors to PCDD/F, Ph.D. Dissertation Louisiana State University, Chapter 1. http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-01112005-150557/unrestricted/Alderman_dis.pdf. Accessed 11 July 2011
Buekens A, Huang H (1998) Comparative evaluation of techniques for controlling the formation and emission of chlorinated dioxins/furans in municipal waste incineration. J Hazard Mater 62:1–33
Wielgosiński G (2010) The possibilities of reduction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans emission. Int J Chem Eng. Review article 392175:11
Düwel U, Nottrodt A, Ballschmiter K (1990) Simultaneous sampling of PCDD/PCDF inside the combustion chamber and on four boiler levels of a waste incineration plant. Chemosphere 20(1):839–846, More papers are to be found at: http://www.nottrodt-ing.de/de/publi.htm
Wikström E, Ryan S, Touati A, Tabor D, Gullett BK (2004) Origin of carbon in polychlorinated dioxins and furans formed during sooting combustion. Environ Sci Technol 38(13):3778–84
Wikström E, Ryan S, Touati A, Gullett BK (2004) In situ formed soot deposit as a carbon source for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. Environ Sci Technol 38(7):2097–101
Wikström E, Ryan S, Touati A, Tabor D, Gullett BK (2003) Key parameters for de novo formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. Environ Sci Technol 37(9):1962–70
Addink R, Olie K (1995) Mechanisms of formation and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in heterogeneous systems. Environ Sci Technol 29:1425–1435
Konduri R, Altwicker ER (1994) Analysis of time scales pertinent to dioxin/furan formation on fly ash surfaces in municipal solid waste incinerators. Chemosphere 28(1):23–45
Zimmermann R, Blumenstock M, Heger HJ, Schramm K-W, Kettrup A (2001) Emission of nonchlorinated and chlorinated aromatics in the flue gas of incineration plants during and after transient disturbances of combustion conditions: delayed emission effects. Environ Sci Technol 35:1019–1030
Kreisz S, Hunsinger H, Vogg H (1997) Technical plastics as PCDD/F absorbers. Chemosphere 34(5–7):1045–1052
Pekarek V, Weber R, Grabic R, Solcova O, Fiserova E, Syc M, Karban J (2007) Matrix effect on the de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, biphenyls and benzenes. Chemosphere (Eng) 68(1):51–61
Altwicker ER (1994) Formation of PCDD/F in municipal solid waste incinerators: laboratory and modeling studies. J Hazard Mater 47(1–3):137–161
Buekens A, Tsytsik P, Carleer R (2007) Methods for studying the de novo formation of dioxins at a laboratory scale. In: International conference on power engineering-2007, Hangzhou, 23–27 Oct 2007
Buekens A, Swithenbank J (2007) CFD modelling of industrial plant from a viewpoint of dioxins formation. In: International conference on power engineering (ICOPE-2007), Hangzhou
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Buekens, A. (2013). Incinerator Furnaces and Boilers. In: Incineration Technologies. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5752-7_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5752-7_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-5751-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-5752-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)