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Microscopes and Endoscopes

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Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery

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Abstract

Microscopes and endoscopes helped revolutionize the surgical treatment of many disease processes. The utility of microscopes and endoscopes has increased rapidly with technological advancements in optics, mechanics, video, navigation, and computer processing. The use of microscopes and endoscopes in neurosurgery and orthopedics has been widespread in the last half century. Minimally invasive approaches to the spine require visualization through smaller portals, and therefore the use of the microscope and endoscope is essential to many minimally invasive spine surgeries.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Harel Deutsch MD

Authors
  1. Harel Deutsch MD
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Correspondence to Harel Deutsch MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Frank Phillips

  2. Scoliosis and Spine Tumor Center, Texas Back Institutes, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA

    Isador Lieberman

  3. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

    David Polly

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Deutsch, H. (2014). Microscopes and Endoscopes. In: Phillips, F., Lieberman, I., Polly, D. (eds) Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5674-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5674-2_4

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-5673-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-5674-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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