Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Chronic Cough and Vocal Cord Dysfunction: The Role of GER

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Gastroesophageal Reflux and the Lung

Part of the book series: Respiratory Medicine ((RM,volume 2))

  • 1335 Accesses

Abstract

Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is typically associated with heartburn and regurgitation. Chronic cough is one of three established extra-esophageal manifestations, along with asthma and laryngitis. More recently, a high prevalence of GER has been found in patients with vocal cord dysfunction (VCD), leading to the hypothesis that this is another extra-esophageal manifestation of GER. GER may induce extra-esophageal symptoms through different mechanisms (i.e directly through microaspiration), or indirectly via either a vagally-mediated esophago-bronchial reflex, sensitization of the cough reflex or laryngeal hyper-responsiveness. Although widely used, empiric treatment with proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) has not been shown to be beneficial in adults with chronic cough, and PPI therapy is not efficacious in infants and children. Anti-reflux treatment has been shown to be beneficial in several case reports of patients with VCD; however, there is currently insufficient evidence to advocate the empirical use of PPIs.

The gold standard for detecting a temporal relationship between reflux events and cough has been 24 hours pH monitoring with subjective cough assessment. The introduction of pH/impedance technology has allowed more accurate detection of the physical and chemical properties of GER and has highlighted the importance of non-acid reflux. Simultaneous manometric and acoustic cough detection has allowed a more sensitive, objective assessment of cough epochs related to reflux. This may allow for better phenotyping and selection of patients for treatment. Antireflux surgery has also been performed successfully in uncontrolled studies. However, prospective, controlled studies are necessary to confirm the role of anti-reflux surgery (ARS) in the management of GER-related cough. Concurrent laryngeal abnormalities suggestive of esophago-pharyngeal reflux are common in patients with VCD. Further studies involving pH/impedance monitoring need to be carried out in patients with VCD in order to confirm more than just a chance association of cough with reflux events. Both chronic cough and VCD can have multiple coexisting causes and require a multidisciplinary approach to the management of patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Vakil N, van Zanten SV, Kahrilas P, Dent J, Jones R, Group GC. The Montreal definition and classification of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a global evidence-based consensus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101(8):1900–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Irwin RS. Chronic cough due to gastroesophageal reflux disease: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2006;129(1):80S–94S.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Pratter MR. Chronic upper airway cough syndrome secondary to rhinosinus diseases (previously referred to as postnasal drip syndrome): ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2006;129(1 Suppl):63S–71S.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Smith J, Woodcock A, Houghton L. New developments in reflux-associated cough. Lung. 2010;188 Suppl 1:S81–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Irwin RS, Zawacki JK. Accurately diagnosing and successfully treating chronic cough due to gastroesophageal reflux disease can be difficult. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;94(11):3095–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Birring SS, Passant C, Patel RB, Prudon B, Murty GE, Pavord ID. Chronic tonsillar enlargement and cough: preliminary evidence of a novel and treatable cause of chronic cough. Eur Respir J. 2004;23(2):199–201.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Birring SS, Brightling CE, Symon FA, Barlow SG, Wardlaw AJ, Pavord ID. Idiopathic chronic cough: association with organ specific autoimmune disease and bronchoalveolar lymphocytosis. Thorax. 2003;58(12):1066–70.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Birring SS, Morgan AJ, Prudon B, McKeever TM, Lewis SA, Falconer Smith JF, Robinson RJ, Britton JR, Pavord ID. Respiratory symptoms in patients with treated hypothyroidism and inflammatory bowel disease. Thorax. 2003;58(6):533–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Irwin RS, Corrao WM, Pratter MR. Chronic persistent cough in the adult: the spectrum and frequency of causes and successful outcome of specific therapy. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981;123(4 Pt 1):413–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ford AC, Forman D, Moayyedi P, Morice AH. Cough in the community: a cross sectional survey and the relationship to gastrointestinal symptoms. Thorax. 2006;61(11):975–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Ruhl CE, Sonnenberg A, Everhart JE. Hospitalization with respiratory disease following hiatal hernia and reflux esophagitis in a prospective, population-based study. Ann Epidemiol. 2001;11(7):477–83.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Nordenstedt H, Nilsson M, Johansson S, Wallander MA, Johnsen R, Hveem K, Lagergren J. The relation between gastroesophageal reflux and respiratory symptoms in a population-based study: the Nord-Trøndelag health survey. Chest. 2006;129(4):1051–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Jaspersen D, Kulig M, Labenz J, Leodolter A, Lind T, Meyer-Sabellek W, Vieth M, Willich SN, Lindner D, Stolte M, Malfertheiner P. Prevalence of extra-oesophageal manifestations in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: an analysis based on the ProGERD Study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;17(12):1515–20. Erratum in: Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Aug 1;18(3):355.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Shirahata K, Fujimoto K, Arioka H, Shouda R, Kudo K, Ikeda S. Prevalence and clinical features of cough variant asthma in a general internal medicine outpatient clinic in Japan. Respirology. 2005;10:354–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Carney IK, Gibson PG, Murree-Allen K, Saltos N, Olson LG, Hensley MJ. A systematic evaluation of mechanisms in chronic cough. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;156:211–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Irwin RS, Curley FJ, French CL. Chronic cough. The spectrum and frequency of causes, key components of the diagnostic evaluation, and outcome of specific therapy. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990;141(3):640–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. French CL, Irwin RS, Curley FJ, Krikorian CJ. Impact of chronic cough on quality of life. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158(15):1657–61.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Nolan PK, Goodman D, Chrysler M, Phillips G, Rusakow L. Spirometry coupled with pulse oximetry in the emergency department to rule out status asthmaticus and suggest vocal cord dysfunction. Chest. 2006;130(4 suppl):241S–2S.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Christopher KL, Wood 2nd RP, Eckert RC, Blager FB, Raney RA, Souhrada JF. Vocal-cord dysfunction presenting as asthma. N Engl J Med. 1983;308(26):1566–70.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Jain S, Bandi V, Officer T, Wolley M, Guntupalli KK. Role of vocal cord function and dysfunction in patients presenting with symptoms of acute asthma exacerbation. J Asthma. 2006;43(3):207–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Kenn K, Willer G, Bizer C, Schmidt M. Prevalence of vocal cord dysfunction in patients with exertional dyspnoea. First prospective study. Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 1997;155:A965.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ciccolella DE, Brennan KJ, Borbely BR, Criner GJ. Identification of vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) and other diagnoses in patients admitted to an inner city university hospital asthma center. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;155(4):A82.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Morris MJ, Allan PF, Perkins PJ. Vocal cord dysfunction: etiologies and treatment. Clin Pulmonary Med. 2006;13(2):73–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Brugman S. The many faces of vocal cord dysfunction. What 36 years of literature tells us. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167:A588.

    Google Scholar 

  25. de la Hoz RE, Shohet MR, Bienenfeld LA, Afilaka AA, Levin SM, Herbert R. Vocal cord dysfunction in former World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers and volunteers. Am J Ind Med. 2008;51(3):161–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Rundell KW, Spiering BA. Inspiratory stridor in elite athletes. Chest. 2003;123(2):468–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Morris MJ, Deal LE, Bean DR, Grbach VX, Morgan JA. Vocal cord dysfunction in patients with exertional dyspnea. Chest. 1999;116(6):1676–82.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Morris MJ, Grbach VX, Deal LE, Boyd SY, Morgan JA, Johnson JE. Evaluation of exertional dyspnea in the active duty patient: the diagnostic approach and the utility of clinical testing. Mil Med. 2002;167(4):281–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Balkissoon R. Occupational upper airway disease. Clin Chest Med. 2002;23:717–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Gurevich-Uvena J, Parker JM, Fitzpatrick TM, Makashay MJ, Perello MM, Blair EA, Solomon NP. Medical comorbidities for paradoxical vocal fold motion (vocal cord dysfunction) in the military population. J Voice. 2010;24(6):728–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Young P, Finn BC, Fox ML, Emery N, Bruetman JE. Gastroesophageal reflux as a cause of vocal dysfunction. An Med Interna. 2008;25(7):349–52.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Boger J, Gurevich-Uvena J, Frizzel E, Maydonovitch C, Perry J, Laczek J, Wong R. The Prevalence of gastro-esophageal reflux in patients with paradoxical vocal fold motion. Am Coll Gastroenterol. 2008;Abstract P7.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Pargeter NJ, Mansur AH. The relationship between gastro-oesophageal reflux and vocal cord dysfunction in a clinical setting. Thorax. 2007;62:A4–A63.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Denoyelle F, Garabedian EN, Roger G, Tashjian G. Laryngeal dyskinesia as a cause of stridor in infants. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1996;122(6):612–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Canning BJ, Mori N, Mazzone SB. Vagal afferent nerves regulating the cough reflex. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2006;152(3):223–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Kollarik M, Undem BJ. Mechanisms of acid-induced activation of airway afferent nerve fibres in guinea-pig. J Physiol. 2002;543:591–600.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Ahrens P, Noll C, Kitz R, Willigens P, Zielen S, Hofmann D. Lipid-laden alveolar macrophages (LLAM): a useful marker of silent aspiration in children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1999;28(2):83–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Parameswaran K, Anvari M, Efthimiadis A, Kamada D, Hargreave FE, Allen CJ. Lipid-laden macrophages in induced sputum are a marker of oropharyngeal reflux and possible gastric aspiration. Eur Respir J. 2000;16(6):1119–22.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Köksal D, Ozkan B, Simşek C, Köksal AS, Ağaçkýran Y, Saşmaz N. Lipid-laden alveolar macrophage index in sputum is not useful in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary symptoms secondary to gastroesophageal reflux. Arch Med Res. 2005;36(5):485–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Krishnan U, Mitchell JD, Tobias V, Day AS, Bohane TD. Fat laden macrophages in tracheal aspirates as a marker of reflux aspiration: a negative report. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2002;35(3):309–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Blondeau K, Mertens V, Vanaudenaerde BA, Verleden GM, Van Raemdonck DE, Sifrim D, et al. Gastro-oesophageal reflux and gastric aspiration in lung transplant patients with or without chronic rejection. Eur Respir J. 2008;31(4):707–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Phua SY, McGarvey LP, Ngu MC, Ing AJ. Patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and cough have impaired laryngopharyngeal mechanosensitivity. Thorax. 2005;60(6):488–91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Blondeau K, Dupont LJ, Mertens V, Tack J, Sifrim D. Improved diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux in patients with unexplained chronic cough. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;25(6):723–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Smith JA, Abdulqawi R, Houghton LA. GERD-related cough: pathophysiology and diagnostic approach. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2011;13(3):247–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Yu S, Undem BJ, Kollarik M. Vagal afferent nerves with nociceptive properties in guinea-pig oesophagus. J Physiol. 2005;563(Pt 3):831–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Canning BJ, Chou YL. Cough sensors. I. Physiological and pharmacological properties of the afferent nerves regulating cough. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2009;187:23–47.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Canning BJ, Mazzone SB. Reflex mechanisms in gastroesophageal reflux disease and asthma. Am J Med. 2003;115(Suppl 3A):45S–8S.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Ing AJ, Ngu MC, Breslin AB. Pathogenesis of chronic persistent cough associated with gastroesophageal reflux. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994;149(1):160–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Javorkova N, Varechova S, Pecova R, Tatar M, Balaz D, Demeter M, et al. Acidification of the oesophagus acutely increases the cough sensitivity in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux and chronic cough. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2008;20(2):119–24.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Benini L, Ferrari M, Sembenini C, Olivieri M, Micciolo R, Zuccali V, et al. Cough threshold in reflux oesophagitis: influence of acid and of laryngeal and oesophageal damage. Gut. 2000;46(6):762–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Chung KF. Chronic ‘cough hypersensitivity syndrome’: a more precise label for chronic cough. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2011;24(3):267–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Geppetti P, Trevisani M. Activation and sensitisation of the vanilloid receptor: role in gastrointestinal inflammation and function. Br J Pharmacol. 2004;141:1313–20.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Siddiqui A, Rodriguez-Stanley S, Zubaidi S, Miner Jr PB. Esophageal visceral sensitivity to bile salts in patients with functional heartburn and in healthy control subjects. Dig Dis Sci. 2005;50(1):81–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Sifrim D, Dupont L, Blondeau K, Zhang X, Tack J, Janssens J. Weakly acidic reflux in patients with chronic unexplained cough during 24 hour pressure, pH, and impedance monitoring. Gut. 2005;54(4):449–54.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Smith JA, Decalmer S, Kelsall A, McGuinness K, Jones H, Galloway S, et al. Acoustic cough-reflux associations in chronic cough: potential triggers and mechanisms. Gastroenterology. 2010;139(3):754–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Patel NJ, Jorgensen C, Kuhn J, Merati AL. Concurrent laryngeal abnormalities in patients with paradoxical vocal fold dysfunction. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004;130(6):686–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Powell DM, Karanfilov BI, Beechler KB, Treole K, Trudeau MD, Forrest LA. Paradoxical vocal cord dysfunction in juveniles. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000;126(1):29–34.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Morrison M, Rammage L, Emami AJ. The irritable larynx syndrome. J Voice. 1999;13(3):447–55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Cukier-Blaj S, Bewley A, Aviv JE, Murry T. Paradoxical vocal fold motion: a sensory-motor laryngeal disorder. Laryngoscope. 2008;118(2):367–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Tunnicliffe WS, Hilton MF, Harrison RM, Ayres JG. The effect of sulphur dioxide exposure on indices of heart rate variability in normal and asthmatic adults. Eur Respir J. 2001;17(4):604–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Irwin RS, French CL, Curley FJ, Zawacki JK, Bennett FM. Chronic cough due to gastroesophageal reflux. Clinical, diagnostic, and pathogenetic aspects. Chest. 2009;136(5 Suppl):e30.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Irwin RS, Madison JM. The diagnosis and treatment of cough. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(23):1715–2.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Belafsky PC, Postma GN, Koufman JA. Validity and reliability of the reflux symptom index (RSI). J Voice. 2002;16(2):274–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Morice AH, Faruqi S, Wright CE, Thompson R, Bland JM. Cough hypersensitivity syndrome: a distinct clinical entity. Lung. 2011;189(1):73–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Hoppo T, Sanz AF, Nason KS, Carroll TL, Rosen C, Normolle DP, Shaheen NJ, Luketich JD, Jobe BA. How much pharyngeal exposure is “normal”? Normative data for laryngopharyngeal reflux events using hypopharyngeal multichannel intraluminal impedance (HMII). J Gastrointest Surg. 2012;16(1):16–24. discussion 24-5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Kawamura O, Shimoyama Y, Hosaka H, Kuribayashi S, Maeda M, Nagoshi A, Zai H, Kusano M. Increase of weakly acidic gas esophagopharyngeal reflux (EPR) and swallowing-induced acidic/weakly acidic EPR in patients with chronic cough responding to proton pump inhibitors. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2011;23(5):411–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Chiou E, Rosen R, Jiang H, Nurko S. Diagnosis of supra-esophageal gastric reflux: correlation of oropharyngeal pH with esophageal impedance monitoring for gastro-esophageal reflux. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2011;23(8):717–e326.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Bredenoord AJ, Weusten BL, Smout AJ. Symptom association analysis in ambulatory gastro-oesophageal reflux monitoring. Gut. 2005;54(12):1810–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Weusten BL, Roelofs JM, Akkermans LM, Van Berge-Henegouwen GP, Smout AJ. The symptom-association probability: an improved method for symptom analysis of 24-hour esophageal pH data. Gastroenterology. 1994;107(6):1741–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Hersh MJ, Sayuk GS, Gyawali CP. Long-term therapeutic outcome of patients undergoing ambulatory pH monitoring for chronic unexplained cough. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2010;44(4):254–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Morice AH, McGarvey L, Pavord I, Group BTSCG. Recommendations for the management of cough in adults. Thorax. 2006;61 Suppl 1:i1–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Laheij RJ, Van Ijzendoorn MC, Janssen MJ, Jansen JB. Gastric acid-suppressive therapy and community-acquired respiratory infections. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;18(8):847–51.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Kiljander TO, Salomaa ER, Hietanen EK, Terho EO. Chronic cough and gastro-oesophageal reflux: a double-blind placebo-controlled study with omeprazole. Eur Respir J. 2000;16(4):633–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Ours TM, Kavuru MS, Schilz RJ, Richter JE. A prospective evaluation of esophageal testing and a double-blind, randomized study of omeprazole in a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for chronic cough. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;94(11):3131–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Chang AB, Lasserson TJ, Gaffney J, Connor FL, Garske LA. Gastro-oesophageal reflux treatment for prolonged non-specific cough in children and adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(1):CD004823.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Peghini PL, Katz PO, Bracy NA, Castell DO. Nocturnal recovery of gastric acid secretion with twice daily dosing of proton pump inhibitors. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998;93:763–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Fouad YM, Katz PO, Castell DO. Oesophageal motility defects associated with nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux on proton pump inhibitors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999;13:1467–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Katz PO, Anderson C, Khoury R, Castell DO. Gastro-oesophageal reflux associated with nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough on proton pump inhibitors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1998;12:1231–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Xue S, Katz PO, Banerjee P, Tutuian R, Castell DO. Bedtime H2 blockers improve nocturnal gastric acid control in GERD patients on proton pump inhibitors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2001;15:1351–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Fackler WK, Ours TM, Vaezi MF, Richter JE. Long-term effect of H2RA therapy on nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough. Gastroenterology. 2002;122:625–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Dicpinigaitis PV, Grimm DR, Lesser M. Baclofen-induced cough suppression in cervical spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81(7):921–3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Lehmann A. GABAB receptors as drug targets to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease. Pharmacol Ther. 2009;122(3):239–45.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Kastelik JA, Jackson W, Davies TW, Wright GA, Redington AE, Wedgwood KR, Morice AH. Measurement of gastric emptying in gastroesophageal reflux-related chronic cough. Chest. 2002;122(6):2038–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Kastelik JA, Redington AE, Aziz I, Buckton GK, Smith CM, Dakkak M, Morice AH. Abnormal oesophageal motility in patients with chronic cough. Thorax. 2003;58(8):699–702.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Trulock EP, Edwards LB, Taylor DO, Boucek MM, Keck BM, Hertz MI, et al. Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: twenty-third official adult lung and heart-lung transplantation report–2006. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2006;25(8):880–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Benden C, Aurora P, Curry J, Whitmore P, Priestley L, Elliott MJ. High prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in children after lung transplantation. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2005;40(1):68–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. D’Ovidio F, Mura M, Ridsdale R, Takahashi H, Waddell TK, Hutcheon M, et al. The effect of reflux and bile acid aspiration on the lung allograft and its surfactant and innate immunity molecules SP-A and SP-D. Am J Transplant. 2006;6(8):1930–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Mertens V, Blondeau K, Pauwels A, Farre R, Vanaudenaerde B, Vos R, et al. Azithromycin reduces gastroesophageal reflux and aspiration in lung transplant recipients. Dig Dis Sci. 2009;54(5):972–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Draaisma WA, Rijnhart-de Jong HG, Broeders IA, Smout AJ, Furnee EJ, Gooszen HG. Five-year subjective and objective results of laparoscopic and conventional Nissen fundoplication: a randomized trial. Ann Surg. 2006;244(1):34–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Lindeboom MA, Ringers J, Straathof JW, van Rijn PJ, Neijenhuis P, Masclee AA. Effect of laparoscopic partial fundoplication on reflux mechanisms. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;98(1):29–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Bredenoord AJ, Draaisma WA, Weusten BL, Gooszen HG, Smout AJ. Mechanisms of acid, weakly acidic and gas reflux after anti-reflux surgery. Gut. 2008;57(2):161–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Broeders JA, Bredenoord AJ, Hazebroek EJ, Broeders IA, Gooszen HG, Smout AJ. Effects of anti-reflux surgery on weakly acidic reflux and belching. Gut. 2011;60(4):435–41.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Mainie I, Tutuian R, Agrawal A, Hila A, Highland KB, Adams DB, et al. Fundoplication eliminates chronic cough due to non-acid reflux identified by impedance pH monitoring. Thorax. 2005;60(6):521–3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Mainie I, Tutuian R, Agrawal A, Adams D, Castell DO. Combined multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring to select patients with persistent gastro-oesophageal reflux for laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Br J Surg. 2006;93(12):1483–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. So JB, Zeitels SM, Rattner DW. Outcomes of atypical symptoms attributed to gastroesophageal reflux treated by laparoscopic fundoplication. Surgery. 1998;124(1):28–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Irwin RS, Zawacki JK, Wilson MM, French CT, Callery MP. Chronic cough due to gastroesophageal reflux disease: failure to resolve despite total/near-total elimination of esophageal acid. Chest. 2002;121(4):1132–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Allen CJ, Anvari M. Preoperative symptom evaluation and esophageal acid infusion predict response to laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication in gastroesophageal reflux patients who present with cough. Surg Endosc. 2002;16(7):1037–41.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Allen CJ, Anvari M. Does laparoscopic fundoplication provide long-term control of gastroesophageal reflux related cough? Surg Endosc. 2004;18(4):633–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Heatley DG, Swift E. Paradoxical vocal cord dysfunction in an infant with stridor and gastroesophageal reflux. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1996;34(1–2):149–51.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Suttithawil W, Chakkaphak S, Jaruchinda P, Fuangtong R. Vocal cord dysfunction concurrent with a nutcracker esophagus and the role of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006;96(2):373–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Silvers WS, Levine JS, Poole JA, Naar E, Weber RW. Inlet patch of gastric mucosa in upper esophagus causing chronic cough and vocal cord dysfunction. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006;96(1):112–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Subramanian D, Lehm S, Sathyamurthy R, Pargeter N, Super P, Mansur A. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and respiratory symptoms: a case series of the role of laparoscopic fundoplication. European Respiratory Society; 2008 (ePoster).

    Google Scholar 

  103. Galmiche JP, Zerbib F, Bruley des Varannes S. Review article: respiratory manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2008;27(6):449–64.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, St. George’s University of London, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London, SW17 0QT, UK

    Jamal Hayat B.Sc., M.B.B.S.

  2. The Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, 26 Ashfield Street, London, E1 2AJ, UK

    Etsuro Yazaki Ph.D., M.A.G.I.P. & Daniel Sifrim M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Jamal Hayat B.Sc., M.B.B.S.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Etsuro Yazaki Ph.D., M.A.G.I.P.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Daniel Sifrim M.D., Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jamal Hayat B.Sc., M.B.B.S. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medici, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, 53792-9988, Wisconsin, USA

    Keith C. Meyer

  2. , Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Washington School of Medic, Campus Box 356175, Seatt;e, 98195, Washington, USA

    Ganesh Raghu

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hayat, J., Yazaki, E., Sifrim, D. (2012). Chronic Cough and Vocal Cord Dysfunction: The Role of GER. In: Meyer, K., Raghu, G. (eds) Gastroesophageal Reflux and the Lung. Respiratory Medicine, vol 2. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5502-8_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5502-8_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-5501-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-5502-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation