Abstract
On Augnst 22, 1956, while the R-7 was still in development, V. P. Glush.ko proposed a version of the R-7 called the R-8 that wonld use new 100-ton-thrust engines to achieve a total of 1,000 tons of thrust at take-off. On February 12, 1960 he proposed four-stage R-IO and R-20 rockets with take-off masses of 1,500 and 2,000 tons that wonld use LOX-UDMH engines. In the meantime, Korolev began to stndy a nuclear-powered version. Glush.ko’s OKB-456 and M. M. Bondariuk’s OKB-670 developed nnclearfanunonia rockets. Work on this type of propnlsion started as early as 1954 in laboratory V at Obninsk (physics-energy institute) and NII-1 (Keldysh center). It was decided to pursue solid phase reactors (model A) that could be finalized rapidly, as well as a gaseous phase version (model B) that wonld require longer research.
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Lardier, C., Barensky, S. (2013). The various versions. In: The Soyuz Launch Vehicle. Springer Praxis Books(). Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5459-5_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5459-5_5
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