Abstract
The chemical approaches to improvement of selectivity of semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors are the main subject of this chapter. Current concepts of interrelationships between metal oxide chemical composition, crystal and surface structure and its activity in the reaction with gas phase components are considered. Application of such concepts to the design of sensor materials based on nanocrystalline SnO2 is discussed thoroughly. Experimental data concerning chemical composition, solid–gas chemical interaction activity and sensor properties is given and critically analysed. The possibility of utilization of solid–gas chemical reaction activity concepts for directed synthesis of new metal oxide semiconductor sensor materials with selective response to given gases is highlighted.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Takahata K (1988) Tin oxide sensors—development and applications, highly sensitive SnO2 gas sensors for volatile sulfides. In: Seiyama T (ed) Chemical sensor technology. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 39–55
Souteyrand E (1997) Transduction electrique pour la detection de gaz. Les capteurs chimiques, CMC2, Lyon, pp 15–35
Gouma PI (2003) Nanostructured polymorphic oxides for advanced chemosensors. Rev Adv Mater Sci 5:147–154
Norris JOW (1987) The role of precious metal catalysts in solid state gas sensorsgas sensors. In: Mosely PT, Tofield BC (eds) Alam higher. Bristol and Philadelphia, pp 124–138
Idriss H, Barteau MA (2000) Active sites on oxides: from single crystalsingle crystals to catalysts. Adv Catal 45:261–331
Vol’kenstein FF (1963) The electronic theory of catalysis on semiconductors. Pergamon, Oxford
Calatayud M, Markovits A, Menetrey M, Mguig B, Minot C (2003) Adsorption on perfect and reduced surfaces of metal oxides. Catal Today 85:125–143
Busca G (1999) The surface acidity of solid oxides and its characterization by IR spectroscopic methods. An attempt at systematization. Phys Chem 1:723–736
Barthomeuf D (1984) Conjugate acid-base pairs in zeolites. J Phys Chem 88:42–45
Niwa M, Habuta Y, Okumura K, Katada N (2003) Solid acidity of metal oxide monolayer and its role in catalytic reactions. Catal Today 87:213–218
Auroux A, Gervasini A (1990) Microcalorimetric study of the acidity and basicity of metal oxide surfaces. J Phys Chem 94:6371–6379
Duffy A, Ingram MD (1971) Establishment of an optical scale for Lewis basicity in inorganic oxyacids, molten salts, and glasses. J Am Chem Soc 93:6448–6454
Duffy A (1993) A review of optical basicity and its applications to oxidic systems. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 57:3961–3970
Duffy JA (1986) Chemical bonding in the oxides of elements: a new appraisal. J Solid State Chem 62:145–157
Tessman JR, Kahn AH, Shockley W (1953) Electronic polarizabilities of ions in crystals. Phys Rev 92:890–895
Zhang Y (1982) Electronegativities of elements in valence states and their applications. 1 Electronegativities of elements in valence states. Inorg Chem 21:3886–3889
Zhang Y (1982) Electronegativities of elements in valence states and their applications. 2 A scale fro strength of Lewis acids. Inorg Chem 21:3889–3893
Portier J, Campet G, Etourneau J, Tanguy B (1994) A simple model for the estimation of electronegativities of cations in different electronic states and coordinations. J Alloys Compd 209:285–289
Portier J, Campet G, Etorneau J, Shastry MCR, Tanguy B (1994) A simple approach to materials design: role played by an ionic-covalent parameter based on polarizing power and electronegativity. J Alloys Compd 209:59–64
Moriceau P, Lebouteller A, Bodres E, Courtine P (1999) A new concept related to selectivity in mild oxidation catalysis of hydrocarbons: the optical basicity of catalyst oxygen. Phys Chem 1:5735–5744
Sanderson RT (1951) An interpretation of bond lengths and a classification of bonds. Science 114:670–672
Sanderson RT (1975) The interrelationship of bond dissociation energies and contributing bond energies. J Am Chem Soc 97:1367–1372
Jeong NCh, Lee JS, Tae EL, Lee YoJ, Yoon KB (2008) Acidity scale for metal oxides metal oxides and sanderson’s electronegativities of Lanthanide Elements. Angew Chem Int Ed 120:10282–10286
Henry M (1994) Partial charges distributions in crystalline materials through electronegativity equalization. Mater Sci Forum (152–153), pp 355–358
Nortier P, Borosy AP, Allavena M (1997) ab initio Hartree-Fock study of bronsted acidity at the surface of oxides. J Phys Chem B 101:1347–1354
Berholic J, Horsley JA, Murrel LL, Sherman LG, Soled S (1987) Bronsted acid sites in transition metal transition metal oxide catalysts: modeling of structure, acid strengths and support effects. J Phys Chem 91:1526–1530
Shiga A, Katada N, Niva M (2006) A theoretical study on bronsted acidity of WO3 clusters supported on metal oxide supports by “paired interacting orbitals” (PIO) analysis. Catal Today 111:333–337
Mars P, van Krevelen DW (1954) Oxidations carried out by means of vanadium oxide catalysts. Chem Eng Sci (Spec Suppl) 3:41–59
Ali AM, Emanuelsson EAC, Patterson DA (2010) Photocatalysis with nanostructured zinc oxide thin films: the relationship between morphology and photocatalytic activity under oxygen limited and oxygen rich conditions and evidence for a Mars—Van Krevelen mechanism. Appl Catal B(97):168–181
Finocchio E, Busca G, Lorenzelli V,Willey RJ (1994) FTIR Studies on the selective oxidation and combustion of light hydrocarbons at metal oxide surfaces. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 90:3347–3356
Over H, Kim YD, Seitsonen AP, Wendt S, Lundgren E, Schmid M, Varga P, Morgante A, Ertl G (2000) Atomic-scale structure and catalytic reactivity of the RuO2(110) surface. Science 287:1474–1476
Han W-P, AI M (1982) The φ-classification of metal oxides for heterogeneous oxidation catalysts. J Catal 78:281–288
Bielański A, Haber J (1979) Oxygen in catalysis on transition metal oxides. Cat Rev—Sci Eng 19:1–41
Catlow CRA, Jackson RA, Thoma JM (1990) Computational studies of solid oxidation catalystst. J Phys Chem 94:7889–7893
Reddy BM (2006) Redox properties of metal oxides. In: Fierro JLG (ed) Metal oxides: chemistry and applications. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, pp 215–246
Busca G, Finocchio E, Ramis G, Ricchiardi G (1996) On the role of acidity in catalytic oxidation. Catal Today 32:133–143
Panov GI, Dubkov KA, Starokon EV (2006) Active oxygen in selective oxidation catalysis. Catal Today 117:148–155
Liu H-F, Liu R-S, Liew KY, Johnson RE, Lunsford JH (1984) Partial oxidation of methane by nitrous oxide over molybdenum on silica. J Am Chem Soc 106:4117–4121
Schlogl R (2001) Theory in heterogenous catalysis. Cattech 5:146–170
Grzybowska-Swierkosz B (2002) Effect of additives on the physicochemical and catalytic properties of oxide catalysts in selective oxidation reactions. Top Catal 21:35–46
Rumyantseva MN, Gaskov AM (2008) Chemical modification of nanocrystalline metal oxides: effect of the real structure and surface chemistry on the sensor properties. Russ Chem Bull 57:1106–1125
Yushchenko VV (1997) Calculation of the acidity spectra of catalysts from temperature-programmed ammonia desorption data. Russian J Phys Chem 71:547–550
Burmistrov VA (1986) Hydrated oxides of IV and V groups (in Russian). Nauka, Moscow, p 160
Abee MW, Cox DF (2002) NH3 chemisorption on stoichiometric and oxygen-deficient SnO2 (110) surfaces. Surf Sci 520:65–77
York SC, Abee MW, Cox DF (1999) α-Cr2O3 (#): surface characterizationcharacterization and oxygen adsorption. Surf Sci 437:386–396
Abee MW, Cox DF (2001) BF3 adsorptionadsorption on r-Cr2O3 (#): probing the lewis basicity of surface oxygen anions. J Phys Chem B 105:8375–8380
Maier J, Göpel W (1988) Investigations of the bulk defect chemistry of polycrystalline Tin(IV) oxide. Thin Solid Films 72:293–302
De Wit JHW, Van Unen G, Lahey M (1977) Electron concentration and mobility in In2O3. J Phys Chem Solids 38:819–824
Barŝan N, Weimar U (2001) Conduction model of metal oxide gas sensors. J Electroceram 7:143–167
Morrison SR (1977) The chemical physics of surfaces. Plenum, New York
Rumyantseva MN, Makeeva EA, Badalyan SM, Zhukova AA, Gaskov AM (2009) Nanocrystalline SnO2 and In2O3 as materials for gas sensors: the relationship between microstructure and oxygen chemisorption. Thin Solid Films 518:1283–1288
Descorme C, Duprez D (2000) Oxygen surface mobility and isotopic exchange on oxides: role of the nature and the structure of metal particles. Appl Catal A 202:231–241
Martin D, Duprez D (1996) Mobility of surface species on oxides. 1 Isotopic exchange of 18O2 with 16O of SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2, MgO, CeO2, and CeO2-Al2O3. Activation by noble metals. Correlation with oxide basicity. J Phys Chem 100:9429–9438
Haruta M (2004) Nanoparticulate goldgold catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation. J New Mat Electrochem Systems 7:163–172
Montmeat P, Marchand J-C, Lalauze R, Viricelle J-P, Tournier G, Pijolat C (2003) Physico-chemical contribution of goldgold metallic particles to the action of oxygen on tin dioxide sensors. Sens Act B 95:83–89
Conner WC, Falconer JL (1995) Spillover in heterogeneous catalysis. Chem Rev 95:759–788
Aksel S, Eder D (2010) Catalytic effect of metal oxides on the oxidation resistance in carbon nanotube-inoragnic hybrids. J Mater Chem 20:9149–9154
Davydov AA (2003) Molecular spectroscopy of oxide catalyst surfaces. Wiley, Chichester, p 641
Zhou Z, Gao H, Liu R, Du B (2001) Study of structure and property for the electron transfer system. Theochem 545:179–186
Šulka M, Pitoňák M, Neogrády P, Urban M (2008) Electron affinity of the O2 molecule: CCSD(T) calculations using the optimized virtual orbitals space approach. Int J Quantum Chem 108:2159–2171
Sergent N, Epifani M, Comini E, Faglia G, Pagnier T (2007) Interactions of nanocrystalline tin oxide powder with NO2: a Raman spectroscopic study. Sens Act B 126:1–5
Prades JD, Cirera A, Morante JR, Pruned JM, Ordejón P (2007) Ab initio study of NOx compounds adsorption on SnO2 surface. Sens Act B 126:62–67
Leblanc E, Perier-Camby L, Thomas G, Giber G, Primet RM, Gelin P (2000) NOx adsorption onto dehydroxylated or hydroxylated tin oxide surface. Application to SnO2-based gas sensorsgas sensors. Sens Act B 62:67–72
Golodets GI, Borovik VV, Vorotyntsev VM (1986) Mechanism and kinetics of selective catalytic oxidation of acetone. Theor Exper Chem 22:235–237
Harrison PG, Thornton EW (1976) Tin oxide surfaces. Part 7—an infrared study of the chemisorption and oxidation of organic Lewis base molecules on tin (IV) oxide. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans I(72):2484–2491
Pierce KG, Barteau MA (1995) Ketone coupling on reduced TiO2 (001) surfaces: evidence of pinacol formation. J Org Chem 60:2405–2410
Barŝan N, Koziej D, Weimar U (2007) Metal oxide-based gas sensor research: How to? Sens Act B 121:18–35
Hirvi JT, Kinnunen T-JJ, Suvanto M, Pakkanen TA, Nørskov JK (2010) CO oxidation on PdO surfaces. J Chem Phys 133:084704
Šljivančanin Ž, Hammer B (2010) CO oxidation on fully oxygen covered Ru (0001): role of step edges. Phys Rev B 81:121413 R
Seitsonen AP, Over H (2009) Intimate interplay of theory and experiments in model catalysiscatalysis. Surf Sci 603:1717–1723
Wang S, Wang Y, Jiang J, Liu R, Li M, Wang Y, Su Y, Zhu B, Zhang S, Huang W, Wu S (2009) A DRIFTS study of low-temperature CO oxidation over AuAu/SnO2 catalyst prepared by co-precipitation method. Catal Commun 10:640–644
Hakkinen H, Abbet S, Sanchez A, Heiz U, Landman U (2003) Structural, electronic and impurity-doping effects in nanoscale chemistry: supported goldgold nanoclusters. Angew Chem Int Ed 42:1297–1300
Rout CS, Hegde M, Rao CNR (2007) Ammonia sensors based on metal oxide nanostructures. Nanotechnology 18:205504
Mortensen H, Diekhoner L, Baurichter A, Jensen E, Luntz AC (2000) Dynamics of ammonia decomposition on Ru (0001). J Chem Phys 113:6882–6887
Marikutsa AV, Rumyantseva MN, Gaskov AM, Konstantinova EA, Grishina DA, Deygen DM (2011) CO and NH3 sensor properties and paramagnetic centers of nanocrystalline SnO2 modified by Pd and Ru. Thin Solid Films. Accepted for publication
Ganley JC, Thomas FS, Seebauer EG, Masel RI (2004) A priori catalytic activity correlations: the difficult case of hydrogen production from ammonia. Catal Lett 96:117–122
Hansgen DA, Vlachos G, Chen JG (2010) Using first principles to predict bimetallic catalysts fort he ammonia decomposition reaction. Nat Chem 2:484–489
Boccuzzi F, Guglielminotti E (1994) IR study of TiO2-based gas-sensor materials: effect of ruthenium on the oxidation of NH3, (CH3)3N and NO. Sens Act B 21:27–31
Pagnier T, Boulova M, Galerie A, Gaskov A, Lucazeau G (2000) Reactivity of SnO2–CuO nanocrystalline materials with H2S: a coupled electrical and Raman spectroscopic study. Sens Act B 71:134–139
Jeon H, Jeon M, Kang M, Lee S, Lee Y, Hong Y, Choi B (2005) Synthesis and characterization of antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) with nanometer-sized particles and their conductivities. Mater Lett 59:1801–1810
Rumyantseva MN, Gaskov AM, Rosman N, Pagnier T, Morante JR (2005) Raman surface vibration modes in nanocrystalline SnO2 prepared by wet chemical methods: correlations with the gas sensors performances. Chem Mater 17:893–901
Kaur J, Vankar VD, Bhatnagar MC (2008) Effect of MoO3 addition on the NO2 sensing properties of SnO2 thin films. Sens Act B 133:650–655
Ivanovskaya M, Lutynskaya E, Bogdanov P (1998) The influence of molybdenum on the properties of SnO2 ceramic Sensors. Sens Act B 48:387–391
Chiorino A, Ghiotti G, Prinetto F, Carotta MC, Gallana M, Martinelli G (1999) Characterization of materials for gas sensors: surface chemistry of SnO2 and MoOx–SnO2 nano-sized powders and electrical responses of the related thick films. Sens Act B 59:203–209
Yamazoe N, Shimanoe K (2008) Theory of power laws for semiconductor gas sensors. Sens Act B 128:566–573
Gellings PJ, Bouwmeester HJM (2000) Solid state aspects of oxidation catalysis. Catal Today 58:1–53
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Krivetskiy, V., Rumyantseva, M., Gaskov, A. (2013). Design, Synthesis and Application of Metal Oxide-Based Sensing Elements: A Chemical Principles Approach. In: Carpenter, M., Mathur, S., Kolmakov, A. (eds) Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Chemical Sensors. Integrated Analytical Systems. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5395-6_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5395-6_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-5394-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-5395-6
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)