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Nonselective Cation Channels and Links to Hippocampal Ischemia, Aging, and Dementia

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Sodium Calcium Exchange: A Growing Spectrum of Pathophysiological Implications

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 961))

Abstract

Stroke is a very strong risk factor for dementia. Furthermore, ischemic stroke and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) share a number of overlapping mechanisms of neuron loss and dysfunction, including those induced by the inappropriate activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). These receptors form a major subtype of excitatory glutamate receptor. They are nonselective cation channels with appreciable Ca2+ permeability, and their overactivation leads to neurotoxicity in the cortex and hippocampus. NMDARs have therefore been therapeutic targets in both conditions, but they have failed in the treatment of stroke, and there is limited rationale for using them in treating AD. In this chapter, we discuss current understanding of subtypes of NMDARs and their potential roles in ­ischemic stroke and AD. We also discuss the properties of several other nonselective cation channels, transient receptor potential melastatin 2 and 7 channels, and their implications in linking these conditions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5K8, Canada

    John F. MacDonald & Jillian C. Belrose

  2. Robarts Research Institute, Molecular Brain Research Group, University of Western Ontario, 100 Perth Drive, London, ON, N6A 5K8, Canada

    John F. MacDonald, Jillian C. Belrose, Yu-Feng Xie & Michael F. Jackson

  3. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5K8, Canada

    John F. MacDonald & Michael F. Jackson

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  1. John F. MacDonald
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  1. Dipto. Neuroscienze e di, Università di Napoli Fac. Medicina e Chirurgia, Napoli, Italy

    Lucio Annunziato

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MacDonald, J.F., Belrose, J.C., Xie, YF., Jackson, M.F. (2013). Nonselective Cation Channels and Links to Hippocampal Ischemia, Aging, and Dementia. In: Annunziato, L. (eds) Sodium Calcium Exchange: A Growing Spectrum of Pathophysiological Implications. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 961. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4756-6_37

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