Abstract
This chapter introduces the basic ideas involved in optical measurement techniques for characterizing heat and mass transfer processes in fluids. The fluid medium is taken to be transparent to the passage of light. The light intensity distribution and contrast generated by the measurement depend on changes in refractive index in the field-of-interest. Applicable optical techniques such as interferometry, schlieren, and shadowgraph are interrelated. Thus, the present chapter aims at setting up principles of interferometry. Laser is an important light source and is an indispensable part of an optical measurement. A short introduction to lasers and their classification is also provided.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Goldstein RJ (ed) (1996) Fluid mechanics measurements. Taylor and Francis, New York
Hecht J (1986) The laser guidebook. McGraw-Hill, New York
Jenkins FA, White HE (2001) Fundamentals of optics. McGraw-Hill, New York
Lehner M, Mewes D (1999) Applied optical measurements. Springer, Berlin
Lauterborn W, Vogel A (1984) Modern optical techniques in fluid mechanics. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 16:223–244
Mayinger F (1993) Image-forming optical techniques in heat transfer: revival by computer-aided data processing. J Heat Transf-Trans ASME 115:824–834
Mayinger F (ed) (1994) Optical measurements: techniques and applications. Springer, Berlin
Muralidhar K (2001) Temperature field measurement in buoyancy-driven flows using interferometric tomography. Annu Rev Heat Transf 12:265–376
Schiebener P, Straub J, Levelt Sengers JMH, Gallagher JS (1990) Refractive index of water and steam as function of wavelength, temperature, and density. J Phys Chem Ref Data 19(3):677–717
Settles GS (2001) Schlieren and shadowgraph techniques. Springer, Berlin, p 376
Tropea C, Yarin AL, Foss JF (eds) (2007) Springer handbook of experimental fluid mechanics. Springer, Berlin
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Panigrahi, P.K., Muralidhar, K. (2012). Optical Methods: An Overview. In: Schlieren and Shadowgraph Methods in Heat and Mass Transfer. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology(). Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4535-7_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4535-7_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-4534-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-4535-7
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)