Skip to main content

Human Papillomavirus Vaccine and Prevention of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Disease in the USA

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The New Public Health and STD/HIV Prevention

Abstract

The introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has ushered a new era in the prevention of a common sexually transmitted infection that can cause cancer and other benign but serious diseases. Even before it first became available, HPV vaccine was anticipated with enthusiasm for cancer prevention, but there was also concern that the vaccine might detract from secondary prevention of HPV-associated cervical cancers through screening or promote risky sexual behavior. Introduction of HPV vaccine has presented policy, programmatic and communication challenges for public health officials and health-care providers and has required collaboration across disciplines not traditionally involved in immunization, including programs responsible for cancer prevention, sexually transmitted infections, and reproductive health. This chapter focuses on the early years of HPV vaccine introduction in the USA and briefly reviews secondary cervical cancer prevention.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Weinstock H, Berman S, Cates Jr W. Sexually transmitted diseases among American youth: incidence and prevalence estimates, 2000. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2004;36:6–10.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Bouvard V, Baan R, Straif K, et al. A review of human carcinogens–Part B: biological agents. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10:321–2.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Watson M, Saraiya M, Ahmed F, et al. Using population-based cancer registry data to assess the burden of human papillomavirus-associated cancers in the United States: overview of methods. Cancer. 2008;113:2841–54.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Gillison ML, Chaturvedi AK, Lowy DR. HPV prophylactic vaccines and the potential prevention of noncervical cancers in both men and women. Cancer. 2008;113:3036–46.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Saraiya M. Burden of Human Papillomavirus–Associated Cancers—United States, 2004–2008. MMWR. 2012; 61;258–61.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of ­cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010;127:2893–917.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Cuzick J, Arbyn M, Sankaranarayanan R, et al. Overview of human papillomavirus-based and other novel options for cervical cancer screening in developed and developing countries. Vaccine. 2008;26 Suppl 10:K29–41.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Chaturvedi AK, Engels EA, Pfeiffer RM, et al. Human papillomavirus and rising oropharyngeal cancer incidence in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:4294–301.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Joseph DA, Miller JW, Wu X, et al. Understanding the burden of human papillomavirus-associated anal cancers in the US. Cancer. 2008;113:2892–900.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Lacey CJN, Lowndes CM, Shah KV. Burden and management of non-cancerous HPV-related conditions: HPV-6/11 disease. Vaccine. 2006;24 Suppl 3:S3/35–41.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Arbyn M, Bergeron C, Klinkhamer P, Martin-Hirsch P, Siebers AG, Bulten J. Liquid compared with ­conventional cervical cytology: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;111: 167–77.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Moyer VA on behalf of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for Cervical Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:880–891.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Saslow D, Solomon D, Lawson HW, et al. American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. Am J Clin Pathol. 2012;137:516–42.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Smith RA, Cokkinides V, Brooks D, Saslow D, Brawley OW. Cancer screening in the United States, 2010: a review of current American Cancer Society guidelines and issues in cancer screening. CA Cancer J Clin. 2010;60:99–119.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Downs LS, Smith JS, Scarinci I, Flowers L, Parham G. The disparity of cervical cancer in diverse populations. Gynecol Oncol. 2008;109:S22–30.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Fernandez ME, Allen JD, Mistry R, Kahn JA. Integrating clinical, community, and policy perspectives on human papillomavirus vaccination. Annu Rev Public Health. 2010;31:235–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Watson M, Saraiya M, Benard V, et al. Burden of cervical cancer in the United States, 1998–2003. Cancer. 2008;113:2855–64.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Markowitz LE, Dunne EF, Saraiya M, Lawson HW, Chesson H, Unger ER. Quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR. 2007;56:1–24.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. CDC. FDA licensure of bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV2, Cervarix) for use in females and updated HPV vaccination recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR. 2010;59:626–9.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kjaer SK, Sigurdsson K, Iversen OE, et al. A pooled analysis of continued prophylactic efficacy of ­quadrivalent human papillomavirus (Types 6/11/16/18) vaccine against high-grade cervical and external genital lesions. Cancer Prev Res. 2009;2:868–78.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Paavonen J, Naud P, Salmeron J, et al. Efficacy of human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine against cervical infection and precancer caused by oncogenic HPV types (PATRICIA): final analysis of a double-blind, randomised study in young women. Lancet. 2009;374: 301–14.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Dillner J, Kjaer SK, Wheeler CM, et al. Four year efficacy of prophylactic human papillomavirus quadrivalent vaccine against low grade cervical, vulvar, and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and anogenital warts: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2010;341:c3493.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Pedersen C, Petaja T, Strauss G, et al. Immunization of early adolescent females with human papillomavirus type 16 and 18 L1 virus-like particle vaccine containing AS04 adjuvant. J Adolesc Health. 2007;40:564–71.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Block SL, Nolan T, Sattler C, et al. Comparison of the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) L1 virus-like particle vaccine in male and female adolescents and young adult women. Pediatrics. 2006;118:2135–45.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Einstein MH, Baron M, Levin MJ, et al. Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of Cervarix and Gardasil human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical cancer vaccines in healthy women aged 18–45 years. Hum Vaccin. 2009;5:705–19.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Palefsky JM, Giuliano AR, Goldstone S, et al. HPV Vaccine against anal HPV infection and anal intraepithelial neoplasia. N Engl J Med. 2011;365: 1576–85.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Goldstone S, et al. Efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine against HPV Infection and disease in males. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:401–11.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Saslow D, Castle PE, Cox JT, et al. American Cancer Society Guideline for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine use to prevent cervical cancer and its precursors. CA Cancer J Clin. 2007;57:7–28.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Mosher WD, Chandra A. JJ. Sexual behavior and selected health measures: men and women 15–44 years of age, United States, 2002. Adv Data. 2006;362:1–55.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Middleman AB. New adolescent vaccination recommendations and how to make them “stick”. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2007;19:411–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Dunne EF, Unger ER, Sternberg M, McQuillan G, Swan D, Patel SS C, Markowitz LE. Prevalence of HPV infection among females in the United States. JAMA. 2007;297:813–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Markowitz LE, Sternberg M, Dunne EF, McQuillan G, Unger ER. Seroprevalence of human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18 in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2004. J Infect Dis. 2009;200:1059–67.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Barr E, Gause CK, Bautista OM, et al. Impact of a prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) L1 virus-like particle vaccine in a sexually active population of North American women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;198:e1–11. 261.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Schwartz JL. HPV vaccination’s second act: promotion, competition, and compulsion. Am J Public Health. 2010;100:1841–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Brown DR, Kjaer SK, Sigurdsson K, et al. The impact of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV; types 6, 11, 16, and 18) L1 virus-like particle vaccine on infection and disease due to oncogenic nonvaccine HPV types in generally HPV-naive women aged 16–26 years. J Infect Dis. 2009;199:926–35.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. FDA: Gardasil approved to prevent anal cancer. 2010. Accessed at http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm237941.htm.

  37. Food and Drug Administration. Product approval-prescribing information [package insert]. Gardasil [human papillomavirus quadrivalent (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) vaccine, recombinant], Merck & Co, Inc: Food and Drug Administration. Accessed at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM111263.pdf

  38. CDC. FDA licensure of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV4, Gardasil) for use in males and guidance from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR. 2010;59: 630–2.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Kim JJ, Goldie SJ. Cost effectiveness analysis of including boys in a human papillomavirus vaccination programme in the United States. BMJ. 2009;339:b3884.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Palefsky JM. Human papillomavirus-related disease in men: not just a women’s issue. J Adolesc Health. 2010;46:S12–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Chin-Hong PV, Vittinghoff E, Cranston RD, et al. Age-related prevalence of anal cancer precursors in homosexual men: the EXPLORE study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97:896–905.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Frankowski BL. Sexual orientation and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2004;113:1827–32.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. CDC. Recommendations on the Use of Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Males—Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2011. MMWR. 2011;60:1705–8.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Brisson M, Van de Velde N, Boily MC. Economic evaluation of human papillomavirus vaccination in developed countries. Public Health Genomics. 2009;12:343–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Regan DG, Philp DJ, Waters EK. Unresolved questions concerning human papillomavirus infection and transmission: a modelling perspective. Sex Health. 2010;7:368–75.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Chesson HW, Ekwueme DU, Saraiya M, Markowitz LE. Cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14:244–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Goldie SJ, Kohli M, Grima D, et al. Projected ­clinical benefits and cost-effectiveness of a human papillomavirus 16/18 vaccine. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96:604–15.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Elbasha EH, Dasbach EJ, Insinga RP. Model for assessing human papillomavirus vaccination strategies. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13:28–41.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Kim JJ, Goldie SJ. Health and economic implications of HPV vaccination in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:821–32.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Sanders GD, Taira AV. Cost-effectiveness of a potential vaccine for human papillomavirus. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003;9:37–48.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Taira AV, Neukermans CP, Sanders GD. Evaluating human papillomavirus vaccination programs. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10:1915–23.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Elbasha EH, Dasbach EJ, Insinga RP, Haupt RM, Barr E. Age-based programs for vaccination against HPV. Value Health. 2009;12:697–707.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Elbasha EH, Dasbach EJ, Insinga RP. A multi-type HPV transmission model. Bull Math Biol. 2008;70:2126–76.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Chesson HW, Forhan SE, Gottlieb SL, Markowitz LE. The potential health and economic benefits of preventing recurrent respiratory papillomatosis through quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination. Vaccine. 2008;26:4513–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Elbasha EH, Dasbach EJ. Impact of vaccinating boys and men against HPV in the United States. Vaccine. 2010;28:6858–67.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Chesson HW, Ekwueme DU, Saraiya M, Dunne EF, Markowitz LE. The cost-effectiveness of male HPV vaccination in the United States. Vaccine. 2011;29:8443–50.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Chesson HW. HPV vaccine cost effectiveness. Presentation before the Meeting of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Atlanta, GA; June 22, 2011. Accessed at http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/recs/acip/downloads/mtg-slides-jun11/07-5-hpv-cost-effect.pdf

  58. Kim JJ. Targeted human papillomavirus vaccination of men who have sex with men in the USA: a cost-effectiveness modelling analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10:845–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Santoli JM, Rodewald LE, Maes EF, Battaglia MP, Coronado VG. Vaccines for Children program, United States, 1997. Pediatrics. 1999;104:e15.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Vaccines for Children Program; vaccines to prevent human papillomaviruses. Accessed at http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/vfc/downloads/resolutions/1009hpv-508.pdf

  61. CDC. National, state, and local area vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13–17 years—United States, 2009. MMWR. 2010;59:1018–23.

    Google Scholar 

  62. CDC. National and state vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13 through 17 – United States, 2010. MMWR. 2011;60:1117–23.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Vaccines & Immunizations. CDC Vaccine Price List. Accessed November 28, 2010, at http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/vfc/cdc-vac-price-list.htm.

  64. Daley MF, Crane LA, Markowitz LE, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccination practices: Survey of US physicians 18 months after licensure. Pediatrics. 2010;126:425–33.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Gottlieb SL, Brewer NT, Smith JS, Keating KM, Markowitz LE. Availability of human papillomavirus vaccine at medical practices in an area with elevated rates of cervical cancer. J Adolesc Health. 2009;45:438–44.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Kahn JA, Cooper HP, Vadaparampil ST, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccine recommendations and agreement with mandated human papillomavirus vaccination for 11-to-12-year-old girls: a statewide survey of Texas physicians. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009;18:2325–32.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Caskey R, Lindau ST, Alexander GC. Knowledge and early adoption of the HPV vaccine among girls and young women: results of a national survey. J Adolesc Health. 2009;45:453–62.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Barnack JL, Reddy DM, Swain C. Predictors of parents’ willingness to vaccinate for human papillomavirus and physicians’ intentions to recommend the vaccine. Womens Health Issues. 2010;20:28–34.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Rand CM, Szilagyi PG, Albertin C, Auinger P. Additional health care visits needed among adolescents for human papillomavirus vaccine delivery within medical homes: a national study. Pediatrics. 2007;120:461–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Daley MF, Curtis CR, Pyrzanowski J, et al. Adolescent immunization delivery in school-based health centers: a national survey. J Adolesc Health. 2009;45:445–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Lindley MC, Boyer-Chu L, Fishbein DB, et al. The role of schools in strengthening delivery of new adolescent vaccinations. Pediatrics. 2008;121 Suppl 1:S46–54.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Horlick G, Shaw FE, Gorji M, Fishbein DB. Delivering new vaccines to adolescents: the role of school-entry laws. Pediatrics. 2008;121 Suppl 1:S79–84.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Schwartz JL, Caplan AL, Faden RR, Sugarman J. Lessons from the failure of human papillomavirus vaccine state requirements. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007;82:760–3.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Javitt G, Berkowitz D, Gostin LO. Assessing mandatory HPV vaccination: who should call the shots? J Law Med Ethics. 2008;36:384–95, 214.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Udesky L. Push to mandate HPV vaccine triggers backlash in USA. Lancet. 2007;369:979–80.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Colgrove J. The ethics and politics of compulsory HPV vaccination. N Eng J Med. 2006;355: 2389–91.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Mandates for adolescent immunizations: recommendations from the National Vaccine Advisory Committee. Am J Prev Med 2008;35:145–51.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Association of Immunization Managers. Position statement: school and child care immunization requirements. (Accessed at http://www.immunization%20managers.org/pdfs/SchoolrequirementsFINAL.pdf.)

    Google Scholar 

  79. Political intrigue in Merck’s HPV vaccine push. Accessed at http://abcnews.go.com/health/story?id=2890402.

  80. National Conference of State Legislatures. HPV vaccine. Accessed at http://www.ncsl.org/default.aspx?tabid=14381.

  81. Omer SB, Pan WKY, Halsey NA, et al. Nonmedical exemptions to school immunization requirements: secular trends and association of state policies with pertussis incidence. JAMA. 2006;296:1757–63.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Immigration and Nationality Act. Accessed at http://immigration-usa.com/ina_96.html.

  83. Hachey KJ, Allen RH, Nothnagle M, Boardman LA. Requiring human papillomavirus vaccine for immigrant women. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;114:1135–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. New Vaccination Criteria for U.S. Immigration. Accessed at http://www.cdc.gov/immigrantrefugeehealth/laws-regs/vaccination-immigration/revised-vaccination-immigration-faq.html.

  85. Vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13–17 years—United States, 2007. MMWR 2008;57:1100–3.

    Google Scholar 

  86. National, state, and local area vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13–17 years–United States, 2008. MMWR 2009;58:997–1001.

    Google Scholar 

  87. Dempsey AF, Mendez D. Examining future adolescent human papillomavirus vaccine uptake, with and without a school mandate. J Adolesc Health. 2010;47:242–8. 8.e1–8.e6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Chao C, Velicer C, Slezak JM, Jacobsen SJ. Correlates for human papillomavirus vaccination of adolescent girls and young women in a managed care organization. Am J Epidemiol. 2010;171: 357–67.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Gottlieb SL, Brewer NT, Sternberg MR, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccine initiation in an area with elevated rates of cervical cancer. J Adolesc Health. 2009;45:430–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Rand CM, Schaffer SJ, Humiston SG, et al. Patient-provider communication and human papillomavirus vaccine acceptance. Clin Pediatr. 2010;50:106–13.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Taylor L, Hariri S, Sternberg M, Dunne E, Markowitz L. Human papillomavirus vaccine coverage in the United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2008. Prev Med. 2011;52:398–400.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Pruitt SL, Schootman M. Geographic disparity, area poverty, and human papillomavirus vaccination. Am J Prev Med. 2010;38:525–33.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Liddon N, Leichliter J, Markowitz L. Human papillomavirus vaccine and sexual behavior among adolescent and young women. Am J Prev Med. 2012;42:44–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Anhang Price R, Tiro JA, Saraiya M, Meissner H, Breen N. Use of human papillomavirus vaccines among young adult women in the United States: An analysis of the 2008 National Health Interview Survey. Cancer. 2011;117:5560–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Jain N, Euler GL, Shefer A, Lu P, Yankey D, Markowitz L. Human papillomavirus (HPV) awareness and vaccination initiation among women in the United States, National Immunization Survey-Adult 2007. Prev Med. 2009;48:426–31.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Judicial Watch. Judicial watch uncovers new fda records detailing ten new deaths & 140 serious adverse events related to Gardasil. (Accessed at https://www.judicialwatch.org/press-room/press-releases/judicial-watch-uncovers-new-fda-records-detailing-ten-new-deaths-140-serious-adverse-e/

  97. Markowitz LE, Hariri S, Unger ER, Saraiya M, Datta SD, Dunne EF. Post-licensure monitoring of HPV vaccine in the United States. Vaccine. 2010;28:4731–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Varricchio F, Iskander J, Destefano F, et al. Understanding vaccine safety information from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23:287–94.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. National Vaccine Information Center. Gardasil and HPV Infection. Accessed at http://www.nvic.org/Vaccines-and-Diseases/hpv.aspx.

  100. Slade BA, Leidel L, Vellozzi C, et al. Postlicensure safety surveillance for quadrivalent human papillomavirus recombinant vaccine. JAMA. 2009;302:750–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Gee J, Naleway A, Shui I, et al. Monitoring the safety of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: findings from the Vaccine Safety Datalink. Vaccine. 2011;29:8279–84.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Allen JD, Coronado GD, Williams RS, et al. A systematic review of measures used in studies of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine acceptability. Vaccine. 2010;28:4027–37.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Bernat DH, Harpin SB, Eisenberg ME, Bearinger LH, Resnick MD. Parental support for the human papillomavirus vaccine. J Adolesc Health. 2009;45:525–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Dorell CG, Yankey D, Santibanez TA, Markowitz LE. Human papillomavirus vaccination series initiation and completion, National Immunization Survey-Teen, 2008–2009 Pediatrics 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Fang CY, Coups EJ, Heckman CJ. Behavioral correlates of HPV vaccine acceptability in the 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010;19:319–26.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Dempsey AF, Abraham LM, Dalton V, Ruffin M. Understanding the reasons why mothers do or do not have their adolescent daughters vaccinated against human papillomavirus. Ann Epidemiol. 2009;19: 531–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Katz ML, Reiter PL, Heaner S, Ruffin MT, Post DM, Paskett ED. Acceptance of the HPV vaccine among women, parents, community leaders, and healthcare providers in Ohio Appalachia. Vaccine. 2009;27: 3945–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Allen JD, Othus MKD, Shelton RC, et al. Parental decision making about the HPV vaccine. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010;19:2187–98.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Shelton RC, Snavely AC, De Jesus M, Othus MD, Allen JD. HPV Vaccine Decision-Making and Acceptance: Does Religion Play a Role? J Relig Health 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  110. Brewer NT, Gottlieb SL, Reiter PL, et al. Longitudinal predictors of human papillomavirus vaccine initiation among adolescent girls in a high-risk geographic area. Sex Transm Dis. 2011;38:197–204.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Kahn JA, Ding L, Huang B, Zimet GD, Rosenthal SL, Frazier AL. Mothers’ intention for their daughters and themselves to receive the human papillomavirus vaccine: a national study of nurses. Pediatrics. 2009;123:1439–45.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Stokley S, Cohn A, Dorell C, et al. Adolescent vaccination-coverage levels in the United States: 2006–2009. Pediatrics. 2011;128:1078–86.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Liddon N, Hood J, Wynn BA, Markowitz LE. Acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccine for males: a review of the literature. J Adolesc Health. 2010;46:113–23.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Allison M, Kempe A. HPV vaccine for males: physicians’ knowledge attitudes and practices In: ACIP meeting October 2010; 2010

    Google Scholar 

  115. Reiter PL, Brewer NT, McRee A-L, Gilbert P, Smith JS. Acceptability of HPV vaccine among a national sample of gay and bisexual men. Sex Transm Dis. 2010;37:197–203.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Friedman AL, Shepeard H. Exploring the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and communication preferences of the general public regarding HPV: findings from CDC focus group research and implications for practice. Health Educ Behav. 2007;34:471–85.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Sherris J, Friedman A, Wittet S, Davies P, Steben M, Saraiya M. Education, training, and communication for HPV vaccines. Vaccine. 2006;24 Suppl 3:S3/ 210–8.

    Google Scholar 

  118. Daley MF, Liddon N, Crane LA, et al. A national survey of pediatrician knowledge and attitudes regarding human papillomavirus vaccination. Pediatrics. 2006;118:2280–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Hughes J, Cates JR, Liddon N, Smith JS, Gottlieb SL, Brewer NT. Disparities in how parents are learning about the human papillomavirus vaccine. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009;18:363–72.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Leader AE, Weiner JL, Kelly BJ, Hornik RC, Cappella JN. Effects of information framing on human papillomavirus vaccination. J Womens Health. 2009;18:225–33.

    Google Scholar 

  121. CDC. HPV Vaccines. Accessed at http://www.cdc.gov/hpv/vaccine.html.

  122. Roberts ME, Gerrard M, Reimer R, Gibbons FX. Mother-daughter communication and human papillomavirus vaccine uptake by college students. Pediatrics. 2010;125:982–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. McRee AL. RP, Gottlieb SL, Brewer NT. Mother–Daughter Communication About HPV Vaccine. J Adolesc Health. 2011;48:314–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Massad LS, Einstein M, Myers E, Wheeler CM, Wentzensen N, Solomon D. The impact of human papillomavirus vaccination on cervical cancer prevention efforts. Gynecol Oncol. 2009;114:360–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Franco EL, Cuzick J. Cervical cancer screening following prophylactic human papillomavirus vaccination. Vaccine. 2008;26 Suppl 1:A16–23.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Schiffman M. Integration of human papillomavirus vaccination, cytology, and human papillomavirus testing. Cancer. 2007;111:145–53.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Castle PE, Solomon D, Saslow D, Schiffman M. Predicting the effect of successful human papillomavirus vaccination on existing cervical cancer prevention programs in the United States. Cancer. 2008;113:3031–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lauri E. Markowitz M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Markowitz, L.E., Hariri, S. (2013). Human Papillomavirus Vaccine and Prevention of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Disease in the USA. In: Aral, S., Fenton, K., Lipshutz, J. (eds) The New Public Health and STD/HIV Prevention. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4526-5_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4526-5_19

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-4525-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-4526-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics