Skip to main content

Delivery Systems for Wildlife

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Long Acting Animal Health Drug Products

Part of the book series: Advances in Delivery Science and Technology ((ADST))

  • 1569 Accesses

Abstract

Delivery remains a key challenge that hinders the successful remote administration of compounds utilized in the management of free-ranging wildlife. Pest wildlife occurs worldwide and management of this group of animals is shifting from lethal control methods to administration of agents that reduce the fertility of the pest species. Oral delivery of biocontrol agents is the favored route of administration; however, significant hurdles need to be overcome to achieve therapeutic in vivo effects. Regulation requirements for products to control fertility in wildlife are evolving as novel products are being developed. This chapter will outline current strategies for delivery of a number of bioactive compounds to wild animals and includes contemporary research in the field.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. McDowell A, McLeod BJ, Rades T, Tucker IG (2006) Application of pharmaceutical drug delivery for biological control of the common brushtail possum in New Zealand: a review. Wildlife Res 33(8):679–689

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Coleman J, Caley P (2000) Possums as a reservoir of bovine Tb. In: Montague T (ed) The brushtail possum. Biology, impact and management of an introduced marsupial. Maanaki Whenua Press, Lincoln, New Zealand, pp 92–104

    Google Scholar 

  3. Rupprecht CE, Hanlon CA, Slate D (2004) Oral vaccination of wildlife against rabies: ­opportunities and challenges in prevention and control. Dev Biol 119:173–184

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Anonymous (2008) Wildlife diseases, vol Postnote Number 307. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, London

    Google Scholar 

  5. West G, Heard D, Caulkett N (2007) Zoo animal and wildlife immobolization and anaesthesia. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kreeger TJ (1997) Handbook of wildlife chemical immobilization, 2nd edn. International Wildlife Veterinary Services Inc., Laramie, WY

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kirkpatrick JF, Liu IKM, Turner JW, Naugle R, Keiper RR (1992) Long-term effects of porcine zonae-pellucidae immunocontraception on ovarian function of feral horses (Equus caballus). J Reprod Fertil 94:437–444

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Frank KM, Lyda RO, Kirkpatrick JF (2005) Immunocontraception of captive exotic species—IV. Species differences in response to the porcine zona pellucida vaccine, timing of booster inoculations, and procedural failures. Zoo Biol 24(4):349–358

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Reubel GH, Beaton S, Venables D, Pekin J, Wright J, French N, Hardy CM (2005) Experimental inoculation of European red foxes with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing zona pellucida C proteins. Vaccine 23:4417–4426

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Kreeger T (1993) Overview of delivery systems for the administration of contraceptives to wildlife. In: Kreeger TJ (ed) Contraception in wildlife management. Denver Wildlife Research Centre, Denver, CO, pp 29–48

    Google Scholar 

  11. Rodger JC (2003) Fertility control for wildlife. In: Holt WV, Pickard AR, Rodger JC, Wildt DE (eds) Reproductive science and integrated conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 281–290

    Google Scholar 

  12. Fitzgerald G, Wilkinson R, Saunders L (2000) Public perceptions and issues in possum control. In: Montague TL (ed) The brushtail possum: biology, impact and management of an introduced marsupial. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln, New Zealand, pp 187–197

    Google Scholar 

  13. McLeod SR, Saunders G, Twigg LE, Arthur AD, Ramsey D, Hinds LA (2007) Prospects for the future: is there a role for virally vectored immunocontraception in vertebrate pest management? Wildlife Res 34:555–566

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Cooper DW, Herbert CA (2001) Genetics, biotechnology and population management of ­over-abundant mammalian wildlife in Australasia. Reprod Fertil Dev 13(7–8):451–458

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Duckworth JA, Buddle BM, Scobie S (1998) Fertility of brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) immunised against sperm. J Reprod Immunol 37:125–138

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Barlow ND (1997) Modelling immunocontraception in disseminating systems. Reprod Fertil Dev 9:51–60

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Bengsen A, Leung LK-P, Lapidge SJ, Gordon IJ (2008) The development of target-specific vertebrate pest management tools for complex faunal communities. Ecol Manage Restor 9(3):209–216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Yoder CA, Bynum KS, Miller LA (2005) Development of Diazacon™ as an avian contraceptive. In: Nolte DL, Fagerstone KA (eds) Proceedings of the 11th Wildlife damage management conference, Traverse City, MI, pp 190–120

    Google Scholar 

  19. Bynum KS, Yoder CA, Eisemann JD, Johnston JJ, Miller LA (2005) Development of nicarbazin as a reproductive inhibitor for resident Canada geese. Proceedings of the Wildlife Damage Management Conference, vol 11, pp 179–189

    Google Scholar 

  20. Morgan DR (2004) Enhancing maintenance control of possum populations using long-life baits. NZ J Zool 31(4):271–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Ralston M, Cowan DP, Heath DA (2001) Measuring the spread of the candidate possum biocontrol vector Parastrongyloides trichosuri. Biological Management of possums Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Wellington, New Zealand

    Google Scholar 

  22. Zheng T, Dickie A, Lu G, Buddle BM (2001) Marsupial herpesviruses for use in biological control of possums. In: Proceedings of the biological management of possums. National Science Strategy Committee for possum and bovine Tb control, Wallaceville, New Zealand, 2–4 April 2001. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, pp 46–50

    Google Scholar 

  23. Thomson D, Meers J, Harrach B (2002) Molecular confirmation of an adenovirus in brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula). Virus Res 83(1–2):189–195

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Jalava K, Hansel A, Szostak M, Resch S, Lubitz W (2002) Bacterial ghosts as vaccine candiates for veterinary applications. J Control Release 85:17–25

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Mayr UB, Walcher P, Azimpour C, Riedmann E, Haller C, Lubitz W (2005) Bacterial ghosts as antigen delivery vehicles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 57(9):1381–1391

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Duckworth JA, Mate KE, Scobie S, Jones DE, Buist JM, Molinia FC, Glazier A, Cui X, Cowan DP, Walmsley A, Kirk D, Lubitz W, Haller C (2001) Evaluating zona pellucida antigens and delivery systems for possum fertility control in New Zealand. Biological Management of possums Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Wellington

    Google Scholar 

  27. Pattenden LK, Middelberg APJ, Niebert M, Lipin DI (2005) Towards the preparative and large-scale precision manufacture of virus-like particles. Trends Biotechnol 23(10):523–529

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Jiang BM, Estes MK, Barone C, Barniak V, O’Neal CM, Ottaiano A, Madore HP, Conner ME (1999) Heterotypic protection from rotavirus infection in mice vaccinated with virus-like particles. Vaccine 17:1005–1013

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Noad R, Roy P (2003) Virus-like particles as immunogens. Trends Microbiol 11(9):438–444

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Sihorkar V, Vyas SP (2001) Potential of polysaccharide anchored liposomes in drug delivery, targeting and immunization. J Pharm Pharm Sci 4(2):138–158

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Bramwell VW, Perrie Y (2005) Particulate delivery systems for vaccines. Crit Rev Ther Drug 22:151–214

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Rogers JA, Anderson KE (1998) The potential of liposomes in oral drug delivery. Crit Rev Ther Drug 15(5):421–480

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Faas H, Schwizer W, Feinle C, Lengsfeld H, de Smidt C, Boesiger P, Fried M, Rades T (2001) Monitoring the intragastric distribution of a colloidal drug carrier model by magnetic resonance imaging. Pharm Res 18(4):460–466

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Morein B, Hu K, Abusugra I (2004) Current status and potential application of ISCOMs in veterinary medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 56:1367–1382

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Pearse MJ, Drane D (2005) ISCOMATRIX adjuvant for antigen delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 57:465–474

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Scheerlinck J-PY, Greenwood DLV (2006) Particulate delivery systems for animal vaccines. Methods 40:118–124

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Buddle BM, Skinner MA, Wedlock DN, Collins DM, de Lisle GW (2002) New generation vaccines and delivery systems for control of bovine tuberculosis in cattle and wildlife. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 87:177–185

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Cross ML, Henderson R, Lambeth MR, Buddle BM, Aldwell FE (2009) Lipid-formulated BCG as an oral-bait vaccine for tuberculosos: vaccine stability, efficacy, and palatability to brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) in New Zealand. J Wildlife Dis 45:754–765

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Clark S, Cross ML, Court P, Vipond J, Nadlan A, Hewinson RG, Batchelor HK, Perrie Y, Williams A, Aldwell FE, Chambers MA (2008) Assessment of different formulations of oral Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine in rodent models for immunogenicity and protection against aerosol challenge with M. bovis. Vaccine 26:5791–5797

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Damgé C, Aprahamian M, Humbert W, Pinget M (2000) Ileal uptake of polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 52(9):1049–1056

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Florence AT, Hillery AM, Hussain N, Jani PU (1995) Nanoparticles as carriers for oral peptide absorption: studies on particle uptake and fate. J Control Release 36:39–46

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Damgé C, Vranckx H, Balschmidt P, Couvreur P (1997) Poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanospheres for oral administration of insulin. J Pharm Sci 86(Dec):1403–1409

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Hillery AM, Toth I, Florence AF (1996) Copolymerized peptide particles. Part 2. Oral uptake of a novel copolymeric nanoparticulate delivery system for peptides. J Control Release 42(Oct):65–73

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Moghimi SM, Hunter AC, Murray JC (2001) Long-circulating and target-specific nanoparticles: theory to practice. Pharmacol Rev 53(2):283–318

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Kafka AP, McLeod BJ, Rades T, McDowell A (2011) Release and bioactivity of PACA nanoparticles containing D-Lys6-GnRH for brushtail possum fertility control. J Control Release 149:307–313

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Martinez M, Amidon G, Clarke L, Jones WW, Mitra A, Riviere J (2002) Applying the ­biopharmaceutics classification system to veterinary pharmaceutical products Part II. Physiological considerations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 54(6):825–850

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Humphrys S, Lapidge SJ (2008) Delivering and registering species-tailored oral antifertility producits: a review. Wildlife Res 35:578–585

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Fagerstone KA, Miller LA, Eisemann JD, O’Hare JR, Gionfriddo JP (2008) Registration of wildlife contraceptives in the United States of America, with OvoControl and GonaCon immunocontraceptive vaccines as examples. Wildlife Res 35:586–592

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Angulo E, Cooke B (2002) First synthesize new viruses then regulate their release? The case of the wild rabbit. Mol Ecol 11:2701–2709

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Lapidge SJ, Humphrys S, Dall D (2007) Global harmonization in the field of invasive species management product development. Paper presented at the Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species, Fort Collins, CO

    Google Scholar 

  51. Massei G, Coats J, Quy R, Storer K, Cowan DP (2011) The boar-operated-system: a novel method to deliver baits to wild pigs. J Wildlife Manage 74:333–336

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Christie RJ, Findley DJ, Dunfree M, Hansen RD, Olsen SC, Grainger DW (2006) Photopolymerized hydrogel carriers for live vaccine ballistic delivery. Vaccine 24:1462–1469

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Bush M (1992) Remote drug delivery systems. J Zoo Wildlife Med 23:159–180

    Google Scholar 

  54. Cowled BD, Lapidge SJ, Smith M, Staples L (2006) Attractiveness of a novel omnivore bait, PIGOUT®, to feral pigs (Sus scrofa) and assessment of risks of bait uptake by non-target species. Wildlife Res 33:651–660

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Rosatte RC, Donovan D, Davies JC, Brown L, Allan M, von Zuben V, Bachmann P, Sobey K, Silver A, Bennett K, Buchanan T, Bruce L, Gibson M, Purvis M, Beresford A, Beath A, Fehlner-Gardiner C (2011) High-density baiting with ONRAB® rabies vaccine baits to control Arctic-variant rabies in striped skunks in Ontario, Canada. J Wildlife Dis 47:459–465

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Cross ML, Fleming SB, Cowan PE, Scobie S, Whelan E, Prada D, Mercer AA, Duckworth JA (2011) Vaccinia virus as a vaccine delivery system for marsupial wildlife. Vaccine 29:4537–4543

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arlene McDowell .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Controlled Release Society

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

McDowell, A. (2013). Delivery Systems for Wildlife. In: Rathbone, M., McDowell, A. (eds) Long Acting Animal Health Drug Products. Advances in Delivery Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4439-8_15

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics