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Cellular and Viral Mechanisms of HIV-1 Transmission Mediated by Dendritic Cells

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HIV Interactions with Dendritic Cells

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((volume 762))

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the initial infection and cell-to-cell transmission events that occur upon HIV-1 infection. DCs interact closely with CD4+ T cells, the main target of HIV-1 replication. HIV-1 challenged DCs and target CD4+ T cells form a virological synapse that allows highly efficient transmission of HIV-1 to the target CD4+ T cells, in the absence of productive HIV-1 replication in the DCs. Immature and subsets of mature DCs show distinct patterns of HIV-1 replication and cell-to-cell transmission, depending upon the maturation stimulus that is used. The cellular and viral mechanisms that promote formation of the virological synapse have been the subject of intense study and the most recent progress is discussed here. Characterizing the cellular and viral factors that affect DC-mediated cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1 to CD4+ T cells is vitally important to understanding, and potentially blocking, the initial dissemination of HIV-1 in vivo.

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Acknowledgements

We thank members of the Wu laboratory for helpful discussions and Tim Vojt for illustration. The research in the Wu laboratory was supported by grants (AI068493, AI078762, and AI098524) to L.W. from the National Institutes of Health and by the program of Public Health Preparedness for Infectious Diseases of The Ohio State University. The authors apologize to all whose work has not been cited as a result of space limitations.

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  1. Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Christopher M. Coleman Ph.D., Corine St. Gelais Ph.D. & Li Wu Ph.D.

  2. Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, 466 VMAB, 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Li Wu Ph.D.

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  1. Christopher M. Coleman Ph.D.
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  2. Corine St. Gelais Ph.D.
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  3. Li Wu Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Li Wu Ph.D. .

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  1. , Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, 466 VMAB, 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, 43210, Ohio, USA

    Li Wu

  2. , Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, Paris, 75724, France

    Olivier Schwartz

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Coleman, C.M., Gelais, C.S., Wu, L. (2012). Cellular and Viral Mechanisms of HIV-1 Transmission Mediated by Dendritic Cells. In: Wu, L., Schwartz, O. (eds) HIV Interactions with Dendritic Cells. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 762. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4433-6_4

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