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Regenerative Biology of the Spine and Spinal Cord pp 174–187Cite as

Clinical Efficacy of Stem Cell Mediated Osteogenesis and Bioceramics for Bone Tissue Engineering

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 760))

Abstract

Lower back pain is a common disorder that often requires bony spinal fusion for long-term relief. Current arthrodesis procedures use bone grafts from autogenous bone, allogenic backed bone or synthetic materials. Autogenous bone grafts can result in donor site morbidity and pain at the donor site, while allogenic backed bone and synthetic materials have variable effectiveness. Given these limitations, researchers have focused on new treatments that will allow for safe and successful bone repair and regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have received attention for their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, cells that synthesize the extracellular matrix and regulate matrix mineralization. Successful bone regeneration requires three elements: MSCs that serve as osteoblastic progenitors, osteoinductive growth factors and their pathways that promote development and differentiation of the cells as well as an osteoconductive scaffold that allows for the formation of a vascular network. Future treatments should strive to combine mesenchymal stem cells, cell-seeded scaffolds and gene therapy to optimize the efficiency and safety of tissue repair and bone regeneration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Josh Neman, Mike Y. Chen & Rahul Jandial

  2. New York Medical College, New York, New York, USA

    Amanda Hambrecht

  3. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA

    Cherie Cadry

  4. University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA

    Amir Goodarzi

  5. Department of Anthropology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Jonathan Youssefzadeh

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  1. Josh Neman
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Rahul Jandial MD, PhD  & Mike Y. Chen MD, PhD  & 

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Neman, J. et al. (2012). Clinical Efficacy of Stem Cell Mediated Osteogenesis and Bioceramics for Bone Tissue Engineering. In: Jandial, R., Chen, M.Y. (eds) Regenerative Biology of the Spine and Spinal Cord. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 760. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4090-1_11

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