Abstract
In this chapter we analyze the numerical performance of some possibilistic models for selecting portfolios in the framework of risk-return trade-off. Portfolio optimization deals with the problem of how to allocate wealth among several assets, taking into account the uncertainty involved in the behavior of the financial markets. Different approaches for quantifying the uncertainty of the future return on the investment are considered: either assuming that the return on every individual asset is modeled as a fuzzy number or directly measuring the uncertainty associated with the return on a given portfolio. Conflicting goals representing the uncertain return on and risk of a fuzzy portfolio are analyzed by means of possibilistic moments: interval-valued mean, downside-risk, and coefficient of skewness. Thus, several nonlinear multi-objective optimization problems for determining the efficient frontier could appear. In order to incorporate possible trading requirements and investor’s wishes, some constraints are added to the optimization problems, and the effects of their fulfillment on the corresponding efficient frontiers are analyzed using a data set from the Spanish stock market.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
K.P. Anagnostopoulos, G. Mamanis, A portfolio optimization model with three objectives and discrete variables. Comp. Oper. Res. 37, 1285–1297 (2010)
M. Arenas, A. Bilbao, M.V. Rodríguez, A fuzzy goal programming approach to portfolio selection. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 133, 287–297 (2001)
E. Ballestero, C. Romero, Portfolio selection: A compromise programming solution. J. Oper. Res. Soc. 47, 1377–1386 (1996)
M. Bazaraa, H. Sherali, C. Shetty, Nonlinear Programming: Theory and Algorithms, 3rd edn. (Wiley, New York, 2006)
R. Bellman, L.A. Zadeh, Decision-making in a fuzzy environment. Manag. Sci. 17, 141–164 (1970)
J.D. Bermúdez, J.V. Segura, E. Vercher, A fuzzy ranking strategy for portfolio selection applied to the Spanish stock market, in Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (2007), pp. 787–790
J.D. Bermúdez, J.V. Segura, E. Vercher, A multi-objective genetic algorithm for cardinality constrained fuzzy portfolio selection. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 188, 16–26 (2012)
R. Bhattacharyya, S. Kar, D.D. Majumber, Fuzzy Mean-Variance-skewness portfolio selection models by interval analysis. Comp. Math. Appl. 61, 126–137 (2011)
S.P. Boyd, L. Vandenberghe, Convex Optimization (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004)
W. Briec, K.Kerstens, O. Jokund, Mean-variance-skewness portfolio performance gauging. A general shortage function and dual approach. Manag. Sci. 53, 135–149 (2007)
C. Carlsson, R. Fullér, On possibilistic mean value and variance of fuzzy numbers. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 122, 315–326 (2001)
C. Carlsson, R. Fullér, P. Majlender, A possibilistic approach to selecting portfolios with highest utility score. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 131, 13–21 (2002)
S. Chanas, On the interval approximation of a fuzzy number. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 122, 353–356 (2001)
T.-J. Chang, N. Meade, J.E. Beasley, Y.M. Sharaiha, Heuristics for cardinality constrained portfolio optimization. Comp. Oper. Res. 27, 1271–1302 (2000)
T.-J. Chang, S.-Ch. Yang, K.-J. Chang, Portfolio optimization problems in different risk measures using genetic algorithm. Expert Syst. Appl. 36, 10529–10537 (2009)
V. Chankong, Y.Y. Haimes, Multiobjective Decision Making: Theory and Methodology (North Holland, New York, 1983)
C.A.C. Coello, Evolutionary multi-objective optimization: A historical view of the field. IEEE Comput. Intell. Mag. 1(1), 28–36 (2006)
M. Delgado, M.A. Vila, W. Voxman, On a canonical representation of fuzzy numbers. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 93, 125–135 (1998)
D. Dubois, H. Prade, The mean value of a fuzzy number. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 24, 279–300 (1987)
D. Dubois, H. Prade, Fuzzy numbers: an overview, in Analysis of Fuzzy Information, ed. by J. Bezdek (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1988), pp. 3–39
D. Dubois, H. Prade, Fundamentals of Fuzzy Sets (Kluwer, Boston, 2000)
Y. Fang, K.K. Lai, S.Y. Wang, Fuzzy portfolio optimization, in Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, vol. 609 (Springer, Berlin, 2008)
R. Fullér, P. Majlender, On weighted possibilistic mean and variance of fuzzy numbers. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 136, 363–374 (2003)
P. Grzegorzewski, Nearest interval approximation of a fuzzy number. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 130, 321–330 (2002)
T. Hasuike, H. Katagiri, H. Ishii, Portfolio selection problems with random fuzzy variable returns. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 160, 2579–2596 (2009)
J.H. Holland, Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control and Artificial Intelligence (University of Michigan Press, Michigan, 1975)
X. Huang, A new perspective for optimal portfolio selection with random fuzzy returns. Inform. Sci. 177, 5404–5414 (2007)
P. Jana, T.K. Roy, S.K. Mazumder, Multi-objective possibilistic model for portfolio selection with transaction cost. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 228, 188–196 (2009)
J.J. Júdice, C.O. Ribeiro, J.P. Santos, A comparative analysis of the Markowitz and Konno portfolio selection models. Investigaão Operacional 23(2), 211–224 (2003)
H. Konno, K. Suzuki, A mean-variance-skewness optimization model. J. Oper. Res. Soc. Jpn. 38, 137–187 (1995)
H. Konno, H. Yamazaki, Mean-absolute deviation portfolio optimization model and its application to Tokyo stock market. Manag. Sci. 37, 519–531 (1991)
H. Konno, H. Waki, A. Yuuki, Portfolio optimization under lower partial risk measures. Asia Pac. Financ. Market 9, 127–140 (2002)
V. Lacagnina, A. Pecorella, A stochastic soft constraints fuzzy model for a portfolio selection problem. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 157, 1317–1327 (2006)
T. Lai, Portfolio selection with skewness: A multiple-objective approach. Rev. Quant. Finance Account. 1, 293–305 (1991)
M. Laumanns, E. Zitzler, L. Thiele, A unified model for multi-objective evolutionary algorithms with elitism, in Proceedings of the 2000 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Press, Piscataway, 2000), pp. 46–53
T. León, E. Vercher, Solving a class of fuzzy linear programs by using semi-infinite programming techniques. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 146, 235–252 (2004)
T. León, V. Liern, E. Vercher, Viability of infeasible portfolio selection problems: A fuzzy approach. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 139, 178–189 (2002)
T. León, V. Liern, P. Marco, J.V. Segura, E. Vercher, A downside risk approach for the portfolio selection problem with fuzzy returns. Fuzzy Econ. Rev. 9, 61–77 (2004)
H. Levy, H.M. Markowitz, Approximating expected utility by a function of mean and variance. Am. Econ. Rev. 69, 308–317 (1975)
X. Li, Z, Qin, S. Kar, Mean-Variance-skewness model for portfolio selection with fuzzy returns. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 202, 239–247 (2010)
C.C. Lin, T.Y. Liu, Genetic algorithms for portfolio selection problems with minimum transaction lots. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 185, 393–404 (2007)
J. Lintner, The valuation of risk assets and the selection of risky investments in stock portfolios and capital budgets. Rev. Econ. Stat. 47, 13–37 (1965)
D. Maringer, H. Kellerer, Optimization of cardinality constrained portfolios with a hybrid local search algorithm. OR Spectrum 25(4), 481–495 (2003)
H.M. Markowitz, Portfolio selection. J. Finance 7, 77–91 (1952)
H.M. Markowitz, Portfolio Selection: Efficient Diversification of Investments (Wiley, New York, 1959)
F.J. Ortí, J. Sáez, A. Terceño, On the treatment of uncertainty in portfolio selection. Fuzzy Econ. Rev. 7, 59–80 (2002)
C. Papahristodoulou, E. Dotzauer, Optimal portfolios using linear programming models. J. Oper. Res. Soc. 55, 1169–1177 (2004)
S. Ramaswamy, Portfolio Selection Using Fuzzy Decision Theory. BIS Working Paper no. 59, Bank for International Settlements (1998)
A. Saedifar, E. Pasha, The possibilistic moments of fuzzy numbers and their applications. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 223, 1028–1042 (2009)
W.F. Sharpe, Capital asset prices: A theory of market equilibrium under conditions of risk. J. Finance 19, 425–442 (1964)
Y. Simaan, Estimation risk in portfolio selection: The mean variance model versus the mean absolute deviation model. Manag. Sci. 43, 1437–1446 (1997)
R. Slowinski, Fuzzy Sets in Decision Analysis, Operations Research and Statistics (Kluwer, Boston, 1998)
H. Soleimani, H.R. Golmakani, M.H. Salimi, Markowitz-based portfolio selection with minimum transaction lots, cardinality constraints and regarding sector capitalization using genetic algorithm. Expert Syst. Appl. 36, 5058–5063 (2009)
F. Sortino, R. van der Meer, Downside risk. J. Portfolio Manag. 17, 27–32 (1991)
M.G. Speranza, Linear programming model for portfolio optimization. Finance 14, 107–123 (1993)
R.E. Steuer, Y. Qi, M. Hirschberger, Suitable-portfolio investors, nondominated frontier sensitivity, and the effect of multiple objectives on standard portfolio selection. Ann. Oper. Res. 152, 297–317 (2007)
M. Tamiz, Multi-objective programming and goal programming, in Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, vol. 432 (Springer, Berlin, 1996)
T. Tanaka, P. Guo, Possibilistic data analysis and its application to portfolio selection problems. Fuzzy Econ. Rev. 2, 2–23 (1999)
E. Vercher, Portfolios with fuzzy returns: Selection strategies based on semi-infinite programming. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 217, 381–393 (2008)
E. Vercher, J.D. Bermúdez, A possibilistic mean-downside risk-skewness model for efficient portfolio selection. Technical Report: TR Departament Estadística i Investigació Operativa, Universitat de València (2011)
E. Vercher, J.D. Bermúdez, J.V. Segura, Fuzzy portfolio optimization under downside risk measures. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 158, 769–782 (2007)
S.Y. Wang, Y.S. Xia, Portfolio selection and asset pricing, in Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, vol. 514 (Springer, Berlin, 2002)
J. Watada, Fuzzy portfolio selection and its applications to decision making. Tatra Mountains Mathematical Publication 13, 219–248 (1997)
P. Xidonas, G. Mavrotas, C. Zopounidis, J. Psarras, IPSSIS: An integrated multicriteria decision support system for equity portfolio construction and selection. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 210, 398–409 (2010)
L.A. Zadeh, Fuzzy sets. Inf. Contr. 8, 338–353 (1965)
L.A. Zadeh, Fuzzy sets as a basis for a theory of possibility. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 1, 3–28 (1978)
H.J. Zimmermann, Fuzzy Programming and linear programming with several objective functions. Fuzzy Set. Syst. 1, 45–55 (1978)
H.J. Zimmermann, Fuzzy Set Theory and its Applications, 4th edn. (Kluwer, Boston, 2001)
C. Zopounidis, M. Doumpos, Multi-criteria decision aid in financial decision making: Methodologies and literature review. J. Multi-Criteria Decis. Anal. 11, 167–186 (2002)
Acknowledgements
This research was partially supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain under grant number MTM2008-03993. This manuscript was prepared during a research stay of E. Vercher at the Centre for Interdisciplinary Mathematics (CIM), Uppsala University (Sweden), supported by the Vicerectorat d’Investigació i Política Científica, University of València (Spain).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Vercher, E., Bermúdez, J.D. (2012). Fuzzy Portfolio Selection Models: A Numerical Study. In: Doumpos, M., Zopounidis, C., Pardalos, P. (eds) Financial Decision Making Using Computational Intelligence. Springer Optimization and Its Applications, vol 70. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3773-4_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3773-4_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-3772-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-3773-4
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)