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Therapy-Related Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

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Neoplastic Diseases of the Blood

Abstract

Therapy-related acute myelogenous leukemia (t-AML) is a recognizable subclass of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Features of the syndrome include a preleukemic phase several years after chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy for a primary disease, distinct chromosomal abnormalities in the preleukemic and leukemic cells, and a short survival after the development of leukemia. Therapy-related leukemia has become increasingly common, accounting for 10–20 % of all AMLs. The accelerating incidence can be partly attributed to a variety of factors including longer survival of individuals after successful treatment of their primary malignancy associated with the increasing use of more intensive chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, frequent use of adjuvant chemotherapy, exposure to various environmental toxins, and greater awareness of this particular diagnosis (Table 24.1). Because of a poor response to therapy, t-AML and therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) are among the most feared long-term complications of cancer therapy today.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Of note: Koike et al. [37].

  2. 2.

    For a more in-depth discussion, please consult the references [45–47].

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the support of the German Cancer Foundation, G.B.I., and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TH 1438/1-1), N.H.T. H.P.K. is the holder of the Mark Goodson endowed Chair in Oncology Research and a member of the Jonsson Cancer and Molecular Biology Institute at UCLA, as well as the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, and is supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH; grants 5R01CA026038-31 and U54CA143930-01), as well as the A*STaR award from the National University of Singapore.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Muenster, 48149, Germany

    Gabriela Bernadeta Iwanski M.D. & Nils Heinrich Thoennissen M.D.

  2. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tower Hematology Oncology Medical Group, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, 9090 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 200, Beverly Hills, CA, 90211, USA

    Dorothy J. Park M.D.

  3. Department of Medicine/Hematology-Oncology, UCLA/Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA

    H. Phillip Koeffler M.D.

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  1. Gabriela Bernadeta Iwanski M.D.
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  3. Dorothy J. Park M.D.
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Correspondence to Gabriela Bernadeta Iwanski M.D. .

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  1. Beth Israel Hospital, Cancer Center, St. Lukes-Roosevelt Hospital Center, 10th Avenue 1000, New York, 10019, New York, USA

    Peter H. Wiernik

  2. , Department of Hematology, Imperial College of London, Du Cane Road 150, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom

    John M. Goldman

  3. Continuum Cancer Centers, Department of Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, 10th Avenue 1000, New York, 10019, New York, USA

    Janice P. Dutcher

  4. , Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, First Street SW. 200, Rochester, 55905, Minnesota, USA

    Robert A. Kyle

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Iwanski, G.B., Thoennissen, N.H., Park, D.J., Koeffler, H.P. (2013). Therapy-Related Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. In: Wiernik, P., Goldman, J., Dutcher, J., Kyle, R. (eds) Neoplastic Diseases of the Blood. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3764-2_24

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