Abstract
This chapter presents the data selection strategy and the selected sorption values on cement for 25 elements (Ag, Am, Be, C, Ca, Cl, Cs, H, I, Mo, Nb, Ni, Np, Pa, Pb, Pd, Pu, Ra, Sr, Se, Sn, Tc, Th, U, Zr) that need to be considered in safety assessment calculations for the future near-surface disposal facility at Dessel, Belgium. Mainly on the basis of literature data, best estimate sorption values in addition to upper and lower bound values were determined for a so-called benchmark cement—the unperturbed cement without effects of organics, high chloride content or other chemical components that might adversely impact radionuclide sorption. Effects of perturbing components are discussed separately. The geochemical evolution of the cementitious engineered barriers was also addressed to clarify the conditions under which sorption values are applicable. A substantial part of the scientific basis supporting the data selection was established at several meetings of an international panel of experts who reviewed and endorsed the data selection. To this end, the sorption data were checked for reliability, appropriateness for the conditions expected for the Dessel disposal facility, data quality, time frames (i.e. states of cement degradation), heterogeneity (presence of components in conditioned wastes that could affect sorption), and completeness (in terms of mechanisms explaining the sorption processes).
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Acknowledgments
This work has been performed as part of the project on disposal of category A waste—short-lived low and intermediate level waste (LILW-SL)—that is carried out by ONDRAF/NIRAS, the Belgian Agency for Radioactive Waste and enriched Fissile Materials.
Disclaimer The following members of the panel of experts are sincerely acknowledged for their contributions to the data review and endorsement: E. Giffaut, C. Gallé, V. Blin, B. Schwyn, A, Hooper, S. Williams, E. Wieland, D, Lever, and F. Glasser.The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of ONDRAF/NIRAS. The work presented in this paper was more particularly carried out as preparatory work to a future license application file for a near surface disposal facility at Dessel to be submitted by ONDRAF/NIRAS to the FANC. Therefore, the results in this paper have not yet undergone regulatory review nor approval by the FANC. Furthermore, it is not excluded that further developments and refinements of the work presented in this paper will be included in the future license application file.
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Wang, L. et al. (2013). A New Radionuclide Sorption Database for Benchmark Cement Accounting for Geochemical Evolution of Cement. In: Bart, F., Cau-di-Coumes, C., Frizon, F., Lorente, S. (eds) Cement-Based Materials for Nuclear Waste Storage. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3445-0_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3445-0_10
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