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Handbook of Community Psychiatry pp 389–404Cite as

International Trends in Community Mental Health Services

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Abstract

A global survey of community-orientated mental health reforms and services is presented. We cannot hope to provide an exhaustive international survey in such a short space, so we will describe examples of which we have first-hand knowledge, focusing on some leading edge aspects of community mental health service innovations or systems reforms in different countries. These include community crisis and early intervention services, community residential respite and rehabilitation/recovery services, interventions for prevention of suicide and deliberate self-harm, community care management and assertive community care services, community-based day programs, and vocational services. Although the countries discussed are different on many levels, it is intriguing to note that there are consistent themes across these nation states: recognition that institutional hospitalization does not offer maximal therapeutic support or care; a movement towards provision of mental health services in the community; innovation in community care, including housing, work, legislative reform, the need for committed leadership, adequate funding, and stigma reduction; and the imperative nature of increasing the mental health workforce and enhancing its skill-set to encourage recovery-oriented treatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Public Health, University of Wollongong, Balmain, NSW, 2041, Australia

    Alan Rosen MBBS, FRANZCP, MRCPsych, DPM, Grad Dip PAS

  2. Brain and Mind Research Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 110, Balmain, NSW, 2041, Australia

    Alan Rosen MBBS, FRANZCP, MRCPsych, DPM, Grad Dip PAS

  3. Western Sydney Local Health District, 985, BC, CBD, Parramatta, NSW, 2124, Australia

    Paul O’Halloran BA (Hons), MClinPsych, MAPS

  4. WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health, Trieste, Italy

    Roberto Mezzina

  5. Dipartimento di Salute Mentale, Barcola Mental Health Centre, ASS n. 1, Trieste, Italy

    Roberto Mezzina

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  1. Alan Rosen MBBS, FRANZCP, MRCPsych, DPM, Grad Dip PAS
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  2. Paul O’Halloran BA (Hons), MClinPsych, MAPS
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  3. Roberto Mezzina
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Correspondence to Alan Rosen MBBS, FRANZCP, MRCPsych, DPM, Grad Dip PAS .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The St. Luke's & Roosevelt Hospitals Columbia University College of Physician, New York, USA

    Hunter L. McQuistion

  2. Center for Public Service Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Wesley E. Sowers

  3. New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA

    Jules M. Ranz

  4. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA

    Jacqueline Maus Feldman

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Rosen, A., O’Halloran, P., Mezzina, R. (2012). International Trends in Community Mental Health Services. In: McQuistion, H., Sowers, W., Ranz, J., Feldman, J. (eds) Handbook of Community Psychiatry. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3149-7_32

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