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Neurophysiology of Attention and Memory Processing

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Neural Correlates of Auditory Cognition

Part of the book series: Springer Handbook of Auditory Research ((SHAR,volume 45))

Abstract

The “standard cocktail party” description of hearing voices in a crowded environment and being able to tune in to a conversation in which the person quickly identifies his or her name being mentioned may seem simple on the surface because people and animals can be conditioned to respond to important signals. However, Cherry’s 1953 cocktail party example is compelling and often used because it invokes many processes ubiquitous to auditory processing, such as frequency encoding and stream segregation to attention and memory. One must remember the sound of his or her own name and be able to separate that specific sound from the other sounds that are translated into background noise in reference to the attended source. Responses to well-known signals, such as names, are the product of experience-induced plasticity located many places along the auditory pathway. This translation into the unique processing of a specific stimulus is an example of long-term memory in the auditory system. This evoked response to names is not only an example of long-term memory in the auditory system, but it also engenders attention to the conversation where it originated, bringing in working and short-term memory as well. The following sections discuss what is known of the cortical processing related to auditory attention and memory.

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Abbreviations

AC:

auditory cortex

BF:

best frequency

CF:

characteristic frequency

CS:

conditioned stimulus

DMTS:

delayed matching-to-sample

dTP:

dorsal temporal pole

ERP:

event-related potential

ISI:

interstimulus interval

LED:

light-emitting diode

ITC:

inferior temporal cortex

LFP:

local field potential

LIP:

lateral intraparietal

MGB:

medial geniculate body

PETH:

perievent time histogram

PFC:

prefrontal cortex

PST:

peristimulus time

SC:

superior colliculus

SOA:

stimulus onset asynchrony

STG:

superior temporal gyrus

STRF:

spectrotemporal receptive field

TORCS:

temporally orthogonal ripple combinations

TRN:

thalamic reticular nucleus

vPFC:

ventrolateral PFC

WM:

working memory

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Acknowledgments

We thank Amy Opheim, Chi-wing Ng, and Ryan Opheim for assisting with the manuscript preparation. A. Poremba is supported by NIH, NIDCD, DC0007156.

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  1. Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, E11 SSH, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA

    Amy Poremba & James Bigelow

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  1. Amy Poremba
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Correspondence to Amy Poremba .

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  1. School of Medicine, Dept. Otorhinolaryngology: Head &, University of Pennsylvania, Spruce Street 3400, Philadelphia, 19104, Pennsylvania, USA

    Yale E. Cohen

  2. , Department of Biology, University of Maryland, 2225 Bio-Psych, College Park, 20742-4415, Maryland, USA

    Arthur N. Popper

  3. Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, 02543, Massachusetts, USA

    Richard R. Fay

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Poremba, A., Bigelow, J. (2013). Neurophysiology of Attention and Memory Processing. In: Cohen, Y., Popper, A., Fay, R. (eds) Neural Correlates of Auditory Cognition. Springer Handbook of Auditory Research, vol 45. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2350-8_8

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