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Children with Multiple Sclerosis

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Handbook of Children with Special Health Care Needs

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating syndrome of the central nervous system (CNS). MS is a rare disease compared to the classic adult-onset MS. There have recently been improvements in the understanding of pediatric CNS demyelination, including pathogenesis, epidemiology, magnetic resonance imaging, laboratory features, and treatment. This chapter reviews the current understanding of these, including epidemiology and special health care needs in childhood MS.

Early assessment of factors that predict successful health outcomes and social inclusion of children with MS could guide supporting interventions such as social assistance, coaching, and psychological counseling, thus improving their community participation later on.

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Abbreviations

ADEM:

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

CIS:

Clinically isolated syndrome

CNS:

Central nervous system

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

EBV:

Epstein Barr Virus

EDSS:

Expanded disability status scale

HB:

Hepatitis B

HLA:

Human leukocyte antigen

HRQ:

Health-related quality

IFN:

Interferon

IgG:

Immunoglobulin G

MBP:

Myelin basic protein

MOG:

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MTR:

Magnetization transfer imaging

MS:

Multiple sclerosis

NMO:

Neuromyelitis optica

OCB:

Oligoclonal bands

RRMS:

Relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis

SD:

Standard deviation

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Acknowledgments

I thank Velina Minkoff for helpful comments regarding the English language. Yann Mikaeloff is supported by Université Paris Sud 11, Institut National de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service de Neurologie Pediatrique, CHU Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital Bicêtre, 78 avenue du Général Leclerc, 94275, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France

    Yann Mikaeloff MD, Ph.D.

  2. Université Paris Sud 11, Paris, France

    Yann Mikaeloff MD, Ph.D.

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  1. Yann Mikaeloff MD, Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Yann Mikaeloff MD, Ph.D. .

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  1. Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina, 410 Berryhill, Chapel Hill, 27599-7575, North Carolina, USA

    David Hollar

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Mikaeloff, Y. (2012). Children with Multiple Sclerosis. In: Hollar, D. (eds) Handbook of Children with Special Health Care Needs. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2335-5_11

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