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Immune Modulation and Repair Following Neural Stem Cell Transplantation

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Book cover Myelin Repair and Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis

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Abstract

The extremely composite architecture of the central nervous system (CNS) can be viewed as the result of a number of subsequent cell divisions and precise cell-to-cell and cell-to-substrate interactions. This starts from a small number of undifferentiated intermediate progenitor cells in the developing neural tube, that assemble during the whole embryonic and one relatively short postnatal period (Noctor et al. 2007). This process, called neurogenesis, principally involves the highly heterogeneous population of neural stem and precursor cells (hereafter called NPCs) located in major CNS germinal regions. Within these CNS regions, NPCs undergo self-renewal and give rise to most neuronal and glial cell precursors that populate the developing CNS by a combination of centrifugal radial and tangential cell migration (Marin and Rubenstein 2003; Rakic 1990). At the end of embryonic life, upon CNS assembly and neuro/glial generation, the functional specificity of the CNS stem cell compartment is fixed by various molecular/cellular cues. This compartment is characterized by highly static properties that might both limit cell renewal and hamper brain repair following different types of tissue damages (reviewed in Bonfanti 2006).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, 12000, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel

    Tamir Ben-Hur

  2. CNS Repair Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy

    Stefano Pluchino

  3. Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy

    Stefano Pluchino & Gianvito Martino

  4. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair and Cambridge Stem Cell Initiative, E.D. Adrian Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0PY, UK

    Stefano Pluchino

  5. Neuroimmunology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy

    Gianvito Martino

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  1. Tamir Ben-Hur
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  2. Stefano Pluchino
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  3. Gianvito Martino
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Correspondence to Tamir Ben-Hur .

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  1. School Veterinary Medicine, Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Wisconsin Madison, Linden Drive West 2015, Madison, 53706-1102, Wisconsin, USA

    Ian D. Duncan

  2. Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Ce, and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, United Kingdom

    Robin J M Franklin

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Ben-Hur, T., Pluchino, S., Martino, G. (2013). Immune Modulation and Repair Following Neural Stem Cell Transplantation. In: Duncan, I., Franklin, R. (eds) Myelin Repair and Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2218-1_7

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