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Urine-Based Assays Complementing Cytologic Examination in the Detection of Urothelial Neoplasm

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Koss's Cytology of the Urinary Tract with Histopathologic Correlations

Abstract

In this article, five markers of bladder cancer approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as well as ten other urine-based markers that have been shown to be clinically useful, all of which could be substitutes of cystoscopy and/or cytology. Immunocytochemical detection of markers in exfoliated urothelial cells is separately reviewed. Comparison of urine markers and cytology as to the sensitivity, specificity, and cost is also discussed [1–3].

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© 2012 Leopold G. Koss

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Koss, L.G., Hoda, R.S., Miyamoto, H. (2012). Urine-Based Assays Complementing Cytologic Examination in the Detection of Urothelial Neoplasm. In: Koss's Cytology of the Urinary Tract with Histopathologic Correlations. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2056-9_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2056-9_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

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