Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Lupus Erythematosus pp 53–66Cite as

The Treatment of Lupus: General Principles

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 2046 Accesses

Abstract

Effective patient care entails the development of a trusting relationship and workable treatment plan between patient and physician. Clear mutual goals should be set whose basic aims are to alleviate symptoms, prevent exacerbations, treat relapses, prevent permanent organ dysfunction, and prevent damage from treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Sources

  1. Wallace DJ. Improving the prognosis of SLE without prescribing lupus drugs and the primary care paradox. Lupus. 2008;17:91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Liu CC, Manzi S, Ahearn JM. Biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus: a review and perspective. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005;17:543.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Lloyd W, Schur PH. Immune complexes, complement, and anti-DNA in exacerbations of SLE. Medicine. 1981;60:208.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Kao AH, Navratil JS, Ruffing MJ, et al. Erythrocyte C3d and C4d for monitoring disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:837.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Gunnarsson I, Sundelin B, Heimburger M, et al. Repeated renal biopsy in proliferative lupus nephritis—predictive role of serum C1q and albuminuria. J Rheumatol. 2002;29:693.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Gaitonde S, Samols D, Kushner I. C-reactive protein and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;59:1814.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Walz LeBlanc BA, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB. Serologically active clinically quiescent systemic lupus erythematosus—predictors of clinical flares. J Rheumatol. 1994;21:2239.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ronnblom L, Eloranta M-L, Alm GV. The type I interferon system in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;54:408.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Ettinger WH, Goldberg AP, Applebaum-Bowden D, Hazzard WR. Dyslipoproteinemia in SLE. Effect of corticosteroids. Am J Med. 1987;83:503.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Tench CM, McCarthy J, McCurdie I, et al. Fatigue in systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomized controlled trial of exercise. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2003;42:1050.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Wallace DJ. Antimalarial agents and lupus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1994;20:243.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. O’Neill SG, Isenberg DA. Immunizing patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a review of effectiveness and safety. Lupus. 2006;15:778.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Lin A, Abu-Isa E, Griffith KA, Ben-Josef E. Toxicity of radiotherapy in patients with collagen vascular disease. Cancer. 2008;113:648.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Pope J, Jerome D, Fenlon D, et al. Frequency of adverse drug reactions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2003;30:480.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Buyon JP, Petri MA, Kim MY, et al. The effect of combined estrogen and progesterone hormone replacement therapy on disease activity in SLE: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:953.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. A randomized study of the effect of withdrawing hydroxychloroquine sulfate in systemic lupus erythematosus. The Canadian Hydroxychloroquine Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1991;324:150.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Parker BJ, Bruce IN. High dose methylprednisolone therapy for the treatment of severe systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2007;16:387.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Fortin PR, Abrahamowicz M, Ferland D, et al. Steroid-sparing effects of methotrexate in systemic lupus erythematosus: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;59:1796.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Tyndall A. Cellular therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2009;18:387.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Merrill JT, Neuwelt CM, Wallace DJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of rituximab in moderately-to-severely active systemic lupus erythematosus: the randomized, double-blind, phase II/III systemic lupus erythematosus evaluation of rituximab trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:222.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Wallace DJ, Stohl W, Furie RA, et al. A phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;61:1168.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Urowitz MB, Gladman DD, Tom BD, et al. Changing patterns in mortality and disease outcomes for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2008;35:2152.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Bernatsky S, Joseph L, Boivin JF, et al. The relationship between cancer and medication exposures in systemic lupus erythaematosus: a case-cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67:74.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Navarra SV, Guzmán RM, Gallacher AE, Hall S, Levy RA, Jimenez RE, Li EK, Thomas M, Kim HY, León MG, Tanasescu C, Nasonov E, Lan JL, Pineda L, Zhong ZJ, Freimuth W, Petri MA, BLISS-52 Study Group. Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2011;377(9767):721–31.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Merrill JT, Burgos-Vargas R, Westhovens R, Chalmers A, D’Cruz D, Wallace DJ, Bae SC, Sigal L, Becker JC, Kelly S, Raghupathi K, Li T, Peng Y, Kinaszczuk M, Nash P. The efficacy and safety of abatacept in patients with non-life-threatening manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: results of a twelve-month, multicenter, exploratory, phase IIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62(10):3077–87.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Up to Date: Many articles in UpToDate in rheumatology and UpToDate in nephrology table

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Rheumatology, Center for Clinical Therapeutics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Elena M. Massarotti M.D.

  2. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Elena M. Massarotti M.D. & Peter H. Schur M.D., F.A.C.P.

  3. Division of Rheumatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Peter H. Schur M.D., F.A.C.P.

Authors
  1. Elena M. Massarotti M.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Peter H. Schur M.D., F.A.C.P.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Elena M. Massarotti M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Div. of Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy, Francis Street 75, Boston, 02115, USA

    Peter H. Schur

  2. Div. of Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Lupus Center, Francis Street 75, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA

    Elena M. Massarotti

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Massarotti, E.M., Schur, P.H. (2012). The Treatment of Lupus: General Principles. In: Schur, P., Massarotti, E. (eds) Lupus Erythematosus. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1189-5_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1189-5_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-1188-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-1189-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation