Abstract
One of the newest paradigms for a computing machine is the idea of a quantum computer: a computer that functions according to the laws of quantum mechanics that apply to the fundamental particles and forces of the world. Traditional computers are described by classical physics, which holds at ordinary human scales. Quantum effects are masked for such macroscopic systems. Indeed, so completely are these quantum effects hidden that their existence was not even suspected until the beginning of the twentieth century. And even at present, quantum mechanical behavior has only been produced reliably in very microscopic systems: single particles, atoms, and molecules.
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Notes
- 1.
The probability interpretation of QM was first suggested by Max Born. It was in a footnote to this pioneering paper, added in proof, that he realized that probabilities were not equal to amplitudes, but to their squares
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Brun, T.A. (2011). Quantum Computing. In: Blum, E., Aho, A. (eds) Computer Science. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1168-0_14
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