Skip to main content

Synthetic Worlds and Virtual Citizens: Experimental Ethnographic Simulation, Virtual Autotopography and Emerging Citizenship Identity in Young People

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Research on e-Learning and ICT in Education
  • 2522 Accesses

Abstract

Young people from communities with distinct religious or cultural identities have often found it difficult to engage with or be welcomed into citizenship in European democracies where there is no strong sense of inclusive national identity or of citizenship. There is a need to develop a more inclusive conception of national and European citizenship. This chapter presents initial findings from a project in secondary schools in the northeast of England, UK, using a virtual environment to understand how such technology can explore and develop young people’s conceptualisation of a citizenship in harmony with cultural and religious convictions in contemporary British society. European studies of citizenship identity development in traditional educational settings have found them becoming less successful. Initial findings from the present study suggest that a revealing alternative approach is afforded through the use of immersive virtual worlds by applying experiential learning and ethnographic simulation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Alexander, R. (2008). Pedagogy, curriculum and culture. In K. Hall, P. Murphy & J. Soler (eds.), Pedagogy and Practice (pp. 3–27). London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amadeo, J., Torney-Purta, J., Lehmann, R., Husfeldt, V., & Nikolova, R. (2002). Civic knowledge and engagement: An IEA study of upper secondary students in sixteen countries. Amsterdam: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bers, M.U. (2001). Identity construction environments: developing personal and moral values through the design of a virtual city. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 10(9), 4, 365–415.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bers, U. & Urrea, C. (2000). Technological prayers: Parents and children working with robotics and values. In A. Druin & J. Hendler (eds.), Robots for kids: Exploring new technologies for learning experiences (pp. 194–217). San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bisaillon, D. (1989). Logo computer culture and children’s development: The influence of socio-moral atmosphere. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradford Metropolitan District Council (2001). Community Pride not prejudice. Bradford: Bradford Council.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braidotti, R. (1994). Embodiment, Sexual Difference, and the Nomadic Subject. Hypatia, 8(1), 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bruckman, A. (1998). Community support for constructionist learning. Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 7(1–2), 47–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chief Inspector of Schools (2008). Annual Report, 2008, 29. London: Ofsted.

    Google Scholar 

  • Commission on integration and cohesion (2007). Our shared future. London: The Stationery Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Csikszentmihalyi, M. & Rochberg-Halton, E. (1981). The meaning of things. Cambridge: University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daily Mail (2007). January 29th.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deakin C.R., Coates, M., Taylor, M. & Ritchie, S. (2004). A systematic review of the impact of citizenship education on the provision of schooling. Research Evidence in Education Library. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education. Retrieved 1 March 2011 from http://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/cms/Default.aspx?tabid=127&language=en-US.

  • Deakin C.R., Taylor, M., Tew, M., Samuel, E., Durant, K., & Ritchie, S. (2005). A systematic review of the impact of citizenship education on student learning and achievement. Research Evidence in Education Library. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education. Retrieved 01 March 2011 from http://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/cms/Default.aspx?tabid=129.

  • Erikson, E.H. (1950). Childhood and Society. New York: Norton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erikson, E.H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: Norton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallup (2009). The Gallup Coexist Index 2009: A Global Study of Interfaith Relations. London: Gallup.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilligan (1982). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women’s development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldsmith, L. (2008). Citizenship: Our Common Bond. London: The Stationery Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez, J. (1995). Autotopographies. In J. Brahm & M. Driscoll (eds.), Prosthetic territories: Politics and Hypertechnologies (pp. 133–150). San Francisco: Westview Press Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hattie, J.A.C. (2009). Visible Learning. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Home Office (2001a). Building cohesive communities: a report of the Ministerial Group on Public Order and Community Cohesion. London: The Stationery Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Home Office (2001b). Community Cohesion: A Report of the Independent Review Team. London: The Stationery Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Home Office (2004). Strength in diversity. London: The Stationery Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Home Office (2006). Strong and prosperous communities (white paper). London: The Stationery Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Independent (2006). Citizenship: Is this the worst taught subject?. Retrieved 1 March 2011 from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/education-news/citizenship-is-this-the-worst-taught-subject-406760.html.

  • Kerr. D., Sturman, L., Schultz, W., & Burge, B. (2010). ICCS 2009 European Report: Civic Knowledge, attitudes, and engagement among lower-secondary school students in 24 European countries. Amsterdam: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement. Retrieved 1 March 2011 from http://www.iea.nl/iea_publications.html.

  • Kohlberg, L. (1976). Moral stages and moralization: The cognitive-developmental approach. In T. Lickona (ed.), Moral development and behavior (pp. 31–53). New York: Holt, Reinhart & Winston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohlberg, L. (1985). The just community approach to moral education in theory and practice. In M. Berkowitz & F. Oser (eds.), Moral education: Theory and application (pp.27–87). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kollock, P. & Smith, M. (1996). Managing the virtual commons: Cooperation and conflict in computer communities. In S. Herring (ed.), Computer-mediated communication (pp. 109–128). Amsterdam: Benjamins.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacFarlane, B. (2005). The Disengaged Academic: the Retreat from Citizenship, Higher Education Quarterly, 59(4), 296–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, S. (2010). Teachers using learning styles: caught between research and accountability? Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(8) 1583–1591.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, S. & Feng, A. (2006). The construction of citizenship and nation building: the Singapore Case, Education for Intercultural Citizenship: Concepts and Comparisons (pp. 47–66). Multilingual Matters.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, S., & Vallance, M. (2008). The impact of synchronous inter-networked teacher training in information and communication technology integration. Computers & Education, 51(1), 34–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGhee, D. (2005). Patriots of the future? A critical examination of community cohesion strategies in contemporary Britain. Sociological Research Online, 10(3).

    Google Scholar 

  • MORI (2007). What works in community cohesion. London: The Stationery Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ofsted (2006). Towards consensus? Citizenship in secondary school. The Stationery Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Osler, A., & Starkey, H. (2003). Learning for Cosmopolitan Citizenship: Theoretical debates and young people’s experiences, Educational Review, 55(4), 243–254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Papert, S. (1987). The value of logic and the logic of values. In B. Inhelder, D. de Caprona & A. Cornu-Wells (eds.), Piaget today (pp. 101–110). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schultz, W., Fraillon, J., Ainley, J., Losito, B. & Kerr, D. (2008). International Civic and Citizenship Education Study: Assessment Framework. Amsterdam: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement. Retrieved 1 March 2011 from http://www.iea.nl.

  • Schultz, W., Ainley, J., Fraillon, J., Kerr, D. & Losito, B. (2010a). Initial Findings from the IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study. Amsterdam: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schultz. W., Ainley, J., Fraillon, J., Kerr, D. & Losito, B. (2010b). ICCS 2009 International Report: Civic Knowledge, attitudes, and engagement among lower-secondary school students in 38 countries. Amsterdam: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement. Retrieved 1 March 2011 from http://www.iea.nl/iea_publications.html.

  • Stationery Office (2011a). Retrieved 1 March 2011 from http://www.lifeintheuktest.gov.uk/htmlsite/index.html.

  • Stationery Office (2011b). Retrieved 1 March 2011 from http://www.tsoshop.co.uk/bookstore.asp?FO=1240167&trackid=002353.

  • The Equalities Review (2007). Fairness and Freedom: The Final Report of the Equalities Review. London: The Stationery Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torney-Purta, J., Lehmann, R., Oswald, H., & Schultz, W. (2001). Citizenship and Education in Twenty-eight Countries: Civic Knowledge and Engagement at Age Fourteen. Amsterdam: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torney-Purta, J., Schwille, J., & Amadeo, J.A. (eds.) (1999). Civic Education Across Countries: Twenty-Four National Case Studies for the IEA Civic Education Project. Delft: IEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turkle, S. (1995). Life on the screen: Identity in the age of the internet. New York: Simon & Schuster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turkle, S., & Papert, S. (1992). Epistemological Pluralism and the Revaluation of the Concrete. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 11(1), 3–33.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stewart Martin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Martin, S. (2012). Synthetic Worlds and Virtual Citizens: Experimental Ethnographic Simulation, Virtual Autotopography and Emerging Citizenship Identity in Young People. In: Jimoyiannis, A. (eds) Research on e-Learning and ICT in Education. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1083-6_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics