Abstract
As discussed in the previous chapter, the conversion of lipophilic, nonpolar species to polar, water-soluble (hydrophilic) compounds is essential to facilitate their excretion from the body through urea or bile. The conversion process occurs in two separate metabolic systems: phase I metabolism and phase II metabolism. In phase I functionalization reaction, a functional polar group such as –OH or –COOH is introduced on a foreign compound to form an intermediate through oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis reaction. Functionalization modestly increases the water solubility of the parent compound, and paves the way for the next phase of metabolism.
An erratum to this chapter can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1049-2_17
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Chen, CH. (2012). Metabolic Conversion of Lipophilic Compounds. In: Activation and Detoxification Enzymes. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1049-2_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1049-2_3
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