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Mechanisms of Insulin Action

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Atlas of Diabetes

Abstract

Insulin-like signaling integrates the storage and release of nutrients with somatic growth during development and in adult life. It is a feature of all metazoans, revealing a common mechanism used by animals to integrate metabolism and growth with environmental signals [1, 2]. Lower animals have a wide array of insulin-like peptides—seven in fruit flies and 38 in Caenorhabditis elegans—that bind apparently to a single insulin-like receptor tyrosine kinase to control metabolism, growth, reproduction, and longevity [3]. The human genome also encodes a superfamily of structurally related insulin-like peptides. Insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) activate a family of receptor tyrosine kinases [4]. However, the other structurally similar peptides, which are related to relaxin, are functionally distinct and activate G-protein-coupled receptors [5, 6].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA

    Morris F. White PhD (Investigator)

  2. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Morris F. White PhD (Professor of Pediatrics)

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  1. Morris F. White PhD
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  1. Division of Endocrinology,, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Miami, Miami, 33136, Florida, USA

    Jay Skyler

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© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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White, M.F., White, M.F. (2012). Mechanisms of Insulin Action. In: Skyler, J. (eds) Atlas of Diabetes. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1028-7_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1028-7_2

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-1027-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-1028-7

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