Abstract
Tissue engineering is a creative process where cells, scaffolds, and growth factors are combined to form a construct that can be used to replace or regenerate injured tissues. Cells that are specific to the tissue of interest can be used (for ligament, one might select the fibroblast) or can be earlier progenitor cells (e.g., mesenchymal stem cells) that can be coerced into turning into fibroblasts. Cells can also be implanted with a scaffold or encouraged to come into a scaffold from the local environment in situ. Scaffolds can be mechanically strong, particular for replacing load bearing structures, or they can be purely biologic in function, for example, when supplementing a suture repair where the sutures will carry the load. The desired signaling molecules may be multiple and complex as presented in the prior chapter on wound healing; thus, autologous cells capable of releasing these factors over days to weeks might be useful as sustained delivery systems.
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Acknowledgement
Research reported in this chapter was supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Numbers RO1-AR054099 and RO1-AR056834. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
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Vavken, P., Murray, M.M. (2013). Tissue Engineering of Ligaments and Tendons. In: Murray, M., Vavken, P., Fleming, B. (eds) The ACL Handbook. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0760-7_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0760-7_12
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