Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

GRB2 Signaling as a Molecular Target for Cancer

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Cell Signaling & Molecular Targets in Cancer

Abstract

Adaptor proteins are key regulators of intracellular signaling. Many aspects of their functions have been elucidated and the structures of many members of this family of proteins have been resolved. The adaptor protein Grb2 is a critical component of the cell signaling machinery that is deregulated in several pathological processes, including cancer. A plurality of interactions make Grb2 an important cellular hub linking activated cell surface receptors to downstream targets by binding to specific phosphotyrosine-containing and proline-rich sequence motifs. Its critical roles in epithelial morphogenesis and in processes such as proliferation, actin-based cell motility, invasion, and angiogenesis make it a logical therapeutic target for several pathological processes, including human cancer. In this chapter Grb2 will be used as a paradigm to illustrate how adaptor proteins are involved in cancer and how it is possible to selectively target adaptor proteins for cancer therapy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. T. Pawson, P. Nash, Science 300, 445 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. T. Hunter, Cell 100, 113 (2000).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. T. Hunter, Current Opinion in Cell Biology 21, 140 (2009).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. T. Pawson, P. Nash, Genes Dev. 14, 1027 (2000).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. T. Pawson, Cell 116, 191 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. J. Roskoski, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 324, 1155 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. T. Pawson, Current Opinion in Cell Biology 19, 112 (2007).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. D. C. Flynn, Oncogene 20, 6270 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. M. T. Uhlik et al., Journal of Molecular Biology 345, 1 (2005).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. I. Sadowski, J. C. Stone, T. Pawson, Mol. Cell. Biol. 6, 4396 (1986).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. T. Pawson, Oncogene 3, 491 (1988).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. L. E. M. Marengere, T. Pawson, Journal of Cell Science 107, 97 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  13. E. Y. Skolnik et al., Cell 65, 83 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. E. J. Lowenstein, Cell 70, 431 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. K. Matuoka, M. Shibata, A. Yamakawa, T. Takenawa, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 89, 9015 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. B. Margolis et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 89, 8894 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. D. Stein et al., EMBO Journal 13, 1331 (1994).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Manser, W. B. Wood, Developmental Genetics 11, 49 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. T. L. Shen, J. L. Guan, Frontiers in Bioscience 9, 192 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. M. A. Lim, H. Riedel, F. Liu, Frontiers in Bioscience 9, 387 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. E. J. Lowenstein et al., Cell 70, 431 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. P. G. Dharmawardana, B. Peruzzi, A. Giubellino, J. Burke, D. P. Bottaro, Anti-Cancer Drugs 17, 13 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. A. M. Tari, G. Lopez-Berestein, Seminars in Oncology 28, 142 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. A. M. Cheng et al., Cell 95, 793 (1998).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. T. M. Saxton et al., Current Biology 11, 662 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. I. Fath et al., Science 264, 971 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. I. Rey et al., Cell Death and Differentiation 2, 105 (1995).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. F. Romero, The Journal of biological chemistry 273, 7776 (1998).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. S. K. Liu, C. J. McGlade, Oncogene 17, 3073 (1998).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. N. Dimasi, International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology 39, 109 (2007).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. G. S. Feng et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271, 12129 (1996).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. S. Li, A. D. Couvillon, B. B. Brasher, R. A. Van Etten, EMBO Journal 20, 6793 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. K. Huebner et al., Genomics 22, 281 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. A. M. Pendergast et al., Cell 75, 175 (1993).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. R. J. Daly, M. D. Binder, R. L. Sutherland, Oncogene 9, 2723 (1994).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. B. S. Verbeek, S. S. driaansen-Slot, G. Rijksen, T. M. Vroom, Journal of Pathology 183, 195 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  37. X. P. Zang, D. R. Siwak, T. X. Nguyen, A. M. Tari, J. T. Pento, Clinical and Experimental Metastasis 21, 437 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. T. Watanabe et al., IUBMB Life 49, 317 (2000).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. U. K. Misra, S. V. Pizzo, Cellular Signalling 16, 487 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. G. Z. Yu, Y. Chen, J. J. Wang, Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  41. G. Z. Yu et al., Oncology Reports 19, 1191 (2008).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. B. Gay et al., J. Biol. Chem. 274, 23311 (1999).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. N. Atabey et al., J. Biol. Chem. 276, 14308 (2001).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. A. Giubellino et al., Cancer Res 67, 6012 (2007).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. G. Christofori, Nature 441, 444 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. P. S. Steeg, D. Theodorescu, Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 5, 206 (2008).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. I. J. Fidler, Nat Rev Cancer 3, 453 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. P. S. Steeg, Nat Med 12, 895 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. J. Downward, FEBS Letters 338, 113 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. U. Cavallaro, G. Christofori, Nat Rev Cancer 4, 118 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. K. A. Paschos, D. Canovas, N. C. Bird, Cellular Signalling 21, 665 (2009).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. S. K. Mitra, D. A. Hanson, D. D. Schlaepfer, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6, 56 (2005).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. B. D. Cox, M. Natarajan, M. R. Stettner, C. L. Gladson, Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 99, 36 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. G. W. McLean et al., Nat Rev Cancer 5, 505 (2005).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. D. D. Schlaepfer, S. K. Hanks, T. Hunter, P. Van der Geer, Nature 372, 786 (1994).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. E. Avizienyte et al., Nat Cell Biol 4, 632 (2002).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. R. B. Hazan, R. Qiao, R. Keren, I. Badano, K. Suyama, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1014, 155 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. S. Miyamoto et al., Journal of Cell Biology 131, 791 (1995).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. D. D. Schlaepfer, K. C. Jones, T. Hunter, Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 2571 (1998).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. C. J. Malemud, Frontiers in Bioscience 11, 1696 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. M. D. Martin, L. M. Matrisian, Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 26, 717 (2007).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. M. L. Moss, M. H. Lambert, Essays in Biochemistry 38, 141 (2002).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. C. P. Blobel, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6, 32 (2005).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. B. B. Zhou et al., Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 14, 591 (2005).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. J. S. Fridman et al., Clin Cancer Res 13, 1892 (2007).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. A. Suzuki et al., Oncogene 19, 5842 (2000).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Z. Poghosyan et al., J. Biol. Chem. 277, 4999 (2002).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. C. Birchmeier, W. Birchmeier, E. Gherardi, G. F. Vande Woude, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4, 915 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. J. F. Lai et al., J. Biol. Chem. 275, 7474 (2000).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. A. J. Ridley, P. M. Comoglio, A. Hall, Mol. Cell. Biol. 15, 1110 (1995).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. G. Hartmann, K. M. Weidner, H. Schwarz, W. Birchmeier, J. Biol. Chem. 269, 21936 (1994).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. H. She et al., Mol. Biol. Cell 8, 1709 (1997).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. H. D. Ochs, A. J. Thrasher, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 117, 725 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. P. Aspenstrom, U. Lindberg, A. Hall, Current Biology 6, 70 (1996).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. N. Scaplehorn et al., Current Biology 12, 740 (2002).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. M. F. Carlier, C. Le Clainche, S. Wiesner, D. Pantaloni, Bioessays 25, 336 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. H. N. Higgs, T. D. Pollard, Annual Review of Biochemistry 70, 649 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. M. F. Carlier et al., J. Biol. Chem. 275, 21946 (2000).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. R. Kumar, A. E. Gururaj, C. J. Barnes, Nat Rev Cancer 6, 459 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. E. Manser, T. Leung, H. Salihuddin, Z. S. Zhao, L. Lim, Nature 367, 40 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. L. A. Puto, K. Pestonjamasp, C. C. King, G. M. Bokoch, J. Biol. Chem. 278, 9388 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. H. Yamaguchi et al., J. Cell Biol. 168, 441 (2005).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. T. Wiederhold et al., Oncogene 23, 8815 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. L. Crostella, S. Lidder, R. Williams, G. G. Skouteris, Oncogene 20, 3735 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. N. Martinez-Quiles, H. Y. H. Ho, M. W. Kirschner, N. Ramesh, R. S. Geha, Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 5269 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. A. M. Weaver, Clinical and Experimental Metastasis 23, 97 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. E. S. Clark, A. S. Whigham, W. G. Yarbrough, A. M. Weaver, Cancer Res 67, 4227 (2007).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. J. L. Boerner et al., Oncogene 22, 6679 (0AD).

    Google Scholar 

  89. A. Hall, Annual Review of Cell Biology 10, 31 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. L. Spinardi, P. C. Marchisio, European Journal of Cell Biology 85, 191 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. L. Spinardi et al., Experimental Cell Research 295, 360 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. M. Sahni et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271, 33141 (1996).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Y. F. Liu, R. C. Deth, D. Devys, J. Biol. Chem. 272, 8121 (1997).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. R. W. L. Lim, S. Halpain, J. Biol. Chem. 275, 20578 (2000).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. K. J. Luzzi et al., Am J Pathol 153, 865 (1998).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. J. Folkman, Seminars in Oncology 29, 15 (2002).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. J. Kroll, J. Waltenberger, J. Biol. Chem. 272, 32521 (1997).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. E. Fournier et al., Oncogene 18, 507 (1999).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. J. V. Soriano et al., Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 3, 1289 (2004).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. T. Shono, H. Kanetake, S. Kanda, Experimental Cell Research 264, 275 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. K. V. Stoletov, K. E. Ratcliffe, B. I. Terman, The FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 16, 1283 (2002).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. S. Hiscox, W. G. Jiang, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 233, 1 (1997).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. N. Kawakami-Kimura et al., British Journal of Cancer 75, 47 (1997).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. E. M. Rosen et al., CIBA Foundation Symposia 215 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  105. M. Rosario, W. Birchmeier, Trends in Cell Biology 13, 328 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. K. Matsumoto, T. Nakamura, Cancer Science 94, 321 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. S. K. Mitra et al., Oncogene 25, 5969 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Y. Seko et al., Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 262, 290 (1999).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. A. E. Aplin, A. Howe, S. K. Alahari, R. L. Juliano, Pharmacological Reviews 50, 197 (1998).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. B. Brenner et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93, 15376 (1996).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. F. Qian, D. Hanahan, I. L. Weissman, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98, 3976 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. H. W. H. G. Kessels, A. C. Ward, T. N. M. Schumacher, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99, 8524 (2002).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. J. Burke et al., Biochemistry«6490 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  114. Z. J. Yao et al., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 42, 25 (1999).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Y. L. Song et al., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 49, 1585 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. B. Gay et al., International Journal of Cancer 83, 235 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. K. Machida, B. J. Mayer, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins & Proteomics 1747, 1 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  118. J. Burke, International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics 12, 33 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. G. Caravatti, J. Rahuel, G. Brigitte, P. Furet, Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 9, 1973 (1999).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. N. Atabey et al., Journal of Biological Chemistry 276, 14308 (2001).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. A. Giubellino et al., Cancer Research 67, 6012 (2007).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. B. K. Kay, M. P. Williamson, M. Sudol, FASEB Journal 14, 231 (2000).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. B. J. Mayer, Journal of Cell Science 114, 1253 (2001).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. D. M. Berry, P. Nash, S. K. W. Liu, T. Pawson, C. J. McGlade, Current Biology 12, 1336 (2002).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. A. R. Viguera, J. L. R. Arrondo, A. Musacchio, M. Saraste, L. Serrano, Biochemistry 33, 10925 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. S. M. Feller, M. Lewitzky, Current Pharmaceutical Design 12, 529 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. M. Harkiolaki et al., EMBO Journal 22, 2571 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. M. R. Ferguson et al., Protein Sci 13, 626 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. J. T. Nguyen, C. W. Turck, F. E. Cohen, R. N. Zuckermann, W. A. Lim, Science 282, 2088 (1998).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. C. Kardinal et al., FASEB Journal 14, 1529 (2000).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. C. Kardinal et al., Blood 98, 1773 (2001).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. S. M. Feller, G. Tuchscherer, J. Voss, Leukemia and Lymphoma 44, 411 (2003).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. D. Cussac et al., FASEB Journal 13, 31 (1999).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. B. Gril et al., International Journal of Cancer 121, 407 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. M. Vidal et al., Biochemistry 43, 7336 (2004).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. C. Oneyama, H. Nakano, S. V. Sharma, Oncogene 21, 2037 (2002).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. M. Di Fulvio, K. M. Henkels, J. Gomez-Cambronero, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 357, 737 (2007).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. F. Huang, A. Sorkin, Mol. Biol. Cell 16, 1268 (2005).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. K. V. Morris, J. J. Rossi, Gene Therapy 13, 553 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. A. Giubellino et al., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 51, 7459 (2008).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. J. Ursini-Siegel, W. J. Muller, Cell Cycle 7, 1936 (2008).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. M. Kim et al., Cell 125, 1269 (2006).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. S. Antoku, K. Saksela, G. M. Rivera, B. J. Mayer, Journal of Cell Science 121, 3071 (2008).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. K. B. Kaplan, J. R. Swedlow, D. O. Morgan, H. E. Varmus, Genes Dev. 9, 1505 (1995).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. A. Giubellino, J. Burke, D. P. Bottaro, Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets 12, 1021 (2008).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. N. Schiering, E. Casale, P. Caccia, P. Giordano, C. Battistini, Biochemistry 39, 13376 (2000).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. M. Brehme et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106, 7414 (2009).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. K. Strebhardt, A. Ullrich, Nature Reviews Cancer 8, 473 (2008).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. T. Pawson, R. Linding, FEBS Letters 582, 1266 (2008).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. A. L. Hopkins, Nature Chemical Biology 4, 682 (2008).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. L. Kuepfer, M. Peter, U. Sauer, J. Stelling, Nature Biotechnology 25, 1001 (2007).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Alessio Giubellino

Authors
  1. Alessio Giubellino
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alessio Giubellino .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Malay Chatterjee

  2. , Division of Biochemistry & Chemistry, City University of New York Medical Scho, New York, 10031, New York, USA

    Khosrow Kashfi

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Giubellino, A. (2012). GRB2 Signaling as a Molecular Target for Cancer. In: Chatterjee, M., Kashfi, K. (eds) Cell Signaling & Molecular Targets in Cancer. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0730-0_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation