Skip to main content
  • 883 Accesses

Abstract

Platanthera peromoena is pollinated by Hemaris thysbe. The viscidia are positioned to attach to its compound eyes. Both Platanthera psycodes and P. grandiflora are partially self-incompatible. Autogamy is absent. Platanthera lacera is pollinator limited. Low levels of autogamy or agamospermy are present. Platanthera grandiflora is pollinated by medium to large-sized lepidoptera with the viscidia attaching to the compound eyes. Platanthera psycodes and P. lacera are pollinated by smaller lepidoptera with the viscidia attaching to the proboscis. Platanthera praeclara and P. leucophaea are self-compatible but not autogamous. Both are pollinated by sphingid moths. Differences in the divergence of the rostellar lobes and caudicle movements provide mechanical barriers that minimize interspecific pollen transfer.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Agren J (1996) Population size, pollinator limitation and seed set in the self-incompatible herb Lythrum salicornia. Ecology 77:1779–1790

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ames O (1910) Illustrations and studies of the family orchidaceae, volume IV: the genus Habenaria in North America. Merrymount Press, Boston

    Google Scholar 

  • Barrett SCH, Kohn RJ (1991) Genetic and evolutionary consequences of small population size in plants: implications for conservation. In: Falk DA, Holsinger KE (eds) Genetics and conservation of rare plants. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 3–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Bateman AJ (1948) Intra-sexual selection in Drosophila. Heredity 2:349–368

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borkowsky C, Westwood AR (2009) Seed capsule production in the endangered western prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera praeclara) in relation to sphinx moth (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) activity. J Lepidopterist’s Soc 63:110–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowles ML (1983) The tallgrass prairie orchids Platanthera leucophaea (Nutt.) Lindl. and Cypripedium candidum Muhl. Ex Willd: some aspects of their status, biology, and ecology, and implications toward management. Nat Areas J 3:14–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowles ML (1985) Distribution and reproductive success of the prairie fringed orchid in southeastern Wisconsin sand prairie. M. S. thesis, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowles ML, Bell TJ (1999) Recovery strategies and delisting criteria for Platanthera leucophaea, Asclepias meadii, Lespedeza leptostachya, Dalea foliosa, and Cirsium pitcheri. Report to the Illinois Endangered Species Protection Board, The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowles ML, Jacobs KL, Zettler LW, Delaney TW (2002) Crossing effects on seed viability and experimental germination of the federally threatened Platanthera leucophaea (Orchidaceae). Rhodora 104:14–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowles ML, Kurz D (1981) Unpublished report to US Fish and Wildlife Service on the Illinois status of Platanthera leucophaea. Natural Land Institute, Rockford

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown PM (1993) A field guide to the orchids of New England and New York. Orchis Press, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts

    Google Scholar 

  • Brys R, Jacquemyn H, Hermy M (2008) Pollinator efficiency and reproductive patterns in relation to local plant density, population size, and floral display in the rewarding Listera ovata (Orchidaceae). Bot J Linn Soc 157:713–721

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Calvo RN (1993) Evolutionary demography of orchids-intensity and frequency of pollination and the cost of fruiting. Ecology 74:1033–1042

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Catling PM, Catling VR (1994) Identification of Platanthera hybrids (Orchidaceae) from New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Lindleyana 9:19–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Cole RF, Firmage DH (1984) The floral morphology of Platanthera blephariglottis. Am J Bot 71:700–710

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Correll DS (1978) Native orchids of North America North of Mexico. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Cuthrell DL (1994) Insects associated with the prairie fringed orchids, Platanthera praeclara Sheviak and Bowles and P. leucophaea (Nuttall) Lindley. M. S. thesis, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota

    Google Scholar 

  • Cuthrell DL, Rider DA (1993) Insects associated with the western prairie fringed orchid, Platanthera praeclara Sheviak and Bowles, in the Sheyenne National Grassland. Reports to North Dakota parks and recreation board, Bismarck, North Dakota, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Dressler RL (1981) The orchids. Natural history and classification. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Duckett C (1983) Pollination and seed production of the ragged fringed orchid, Platanthera lacera (Orchidaceae). Honor’s thesis, Brown University, Providence, RI

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunkelberger JA (1970) Habenarias of costal Maine. Am Orchid Soc Bull 39:789–792

    Google Scholar 

  • Faegri K, van der Pijl L (1971) The principals of pollination ecology, 2nd edn. Pergamon Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernald ML (1950) Gray’s Manual of Botany, 8th (centennial) edition. American Book Co., New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Firmage DH, Cole FR (1988) Reproductive success and inflorescence size in Calopogon tuberosus (Orchidaceae). Am J Bot 75:1371–1377

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fleming RC (1970) Food plants of some adult sphinx moths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Mich Entomol 3:17–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritz AL, Nilsson LA (1994) How pollinator-mediated mating varies with population size in plants. Oecologia 100:451–462

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • From MM, Read P (1998) Platanthera praeclara strategies for conservation and propagation. N Am Native Orchid J 4:299–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuller AM (1933) Studies on the flora of Wisconsin. I. The orchids: Orchidaceae. Bull Public Mus Milwaukee 14:1–284

    Google Scholar 

  • Godt MJW, Hamrick JL (2001) Genetic diversity in rare southeastern plants. Nat Areas J 21:61–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray A (1862) Fertilization of orchids through the agency of insects. Am J Sci Ser 2(34):420–429

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregg KB (1990) The natural life cycle of Platanthera In North American Native Terrestrial Orchid Propagation and Production, ed. C. Sawyers, pp. 40–48. Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania: Brandywine Conservancy/Mt. Cuba Center/New England Wildflower Society

    Google Scholar 

  • Guignard JA (1886) Insects and orchids. Annual Report of the Entomolgical Society of Ontario. pp. 39–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Hapeman JR (1996) Orchids of Wisconsin. An interactive flora. Available at http://www.wisc.edu/botany/orchids/orchids_of_wisconsin.html

  • Hapeman JR (1997) Pollination and floral biology of Platanthera peramoena (Orchidaceae). Lindleyana 12:19–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Hapeman JR, Inoue K (1997) Plant-pollinator interactions and floral radiation in Platanthera (Orchidaceae). In: Givnish TJ, Sytsma KJ (eds) Molecular evolution and adaptive radiation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 433–454

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodges RW (1971) The moths of America North of Mexico: Sphingoidea. E. W. Clossey, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Homoya MA (1993) Orchids of Indiana. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana

    Google Scholar 

  • Jennersten O, Nilsson SG (1993) Insect flower visitation frequency and seed production in relation to patch size of Viscaria vulgans (Caryophyllaceae). Oikos 68:283–292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kunin WE (1997) Population size and density effects in pollination: pollen foraging and plant reproductive success in experimental arrays of Brassica kaber. J Ecol 85:225–234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Light HMS (1998) Temperate terrestrial Orchids. http://www.geocitirs.com/∼marylois/archiv80.html

  • Light HMS (2005) Pollinators of Cypripedium acaule. Post to Native Orchid Conference, http://groups.yahoo.com/group/NativeOrchidConference, message number 1684

  • Little KJ, Dieringer G, Romano M (2005) Pollination ecology, genetic diversity and selection on nectar spur length in Platanthera lacera (Orchidaceae). Plant Species Biol 20:183–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luer CA (1975) The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada excluding Florida. The New York Botanical Garden, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Moldenke HN (1949) American wild flowers. D. Van Nostrand, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson LA (1981) Pollination ecology and evolutionary processes in six species of orchids. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson LA (1983) Processes of isolation and introgressive interplay between Platanthera bifolia and Platanthers chlorantha (Orchidaceae). Bot J Linn Soc 87:325–350

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson LA (1988) The evolution of flowers with deep corolla tubes. Nature 334:147–149

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patt JM, Williams DRE, Merchant MW, Meeuse BDJ (1989) Pollination biology of Platanthera stricta (Orchidaceae) in Olympic National Park, Washington. Am J Bot 76:1097–1106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips L (2003) Pollination of western prairie fringed orchid, Platanthera praeclara Sheviak and Bowles: implications for restoration and management. Restoration and Reclamation Review. Student on-line Journal, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota. http://www.hort.agri.umn.edu/h5015/03papers/Phillips.pdf

  • van der Pijl L, Dodson CH (1966) Orchid flowers, their pollination and evolution. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL

    Google Scholar 

  • Pleasants JM, Klier K (1995) Genetic variation within and among populations of the eastern and western prairie fringed orchids, Platanthera leucophaea and P. praeclara. Report to the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, February 15, 1995

    Google Scholar 

  • Pleasants JM, Moe S (1993) Floral display size and pollination of the western prairie fringed orchid, Platanthera praeclara (Orchidaceae). Lindleyana 8:32–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Portman T (2003) Orchid enigma: researchers try to determine why endangered Manitoba species produces so few seeds. Winnipeg Free Press: online edition, August 10, 2003

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramsey CT (1966) Our two purple-fringed orchids. Bull Am Orchid Soc 35:458–460

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen FN (1995) Terrestrial orchids: from seed to mycotrophic plant. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Robertson C (1893) Flowers and insects. Bot Gaz 18:47–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schaal BA, Lerverich WJ, Rogstad SH (1991) Comparison of methods for assessing genetic variation in plant conservation biology. In: Falk DA, Holdinger KE (eds) Genetics and conservation of rare plants. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 123–134

    Google Scholar 

  • Schemsky DW (1980) Evolution and floral display in the orchid Brassavola nodosa. Evolution 34:489–493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma J, Zetter LW, van Sambeek JW, Ellersieck MR, Starbrick CJ (2003) Symbiotic seed germination and mycorhizae of federally threatened Platanthera praeclara (Orchidaceae). Am Midl Nat 149:104–120

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheviak CJ (2002) Platanthera. In: Flora of North America North of Mexico, ed. Flora of North America Editorial Committee, vol 26, Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford, p 551–571

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheviak CJ, Bowles ML (1986) The prairie fringed orchids: a pollinator-isolated species pair. Rhodora 88:267–290

    Google Scholar 

  • Sieg CH, King RM (1995) Influence of environmental factors and preliminary demographic analyses of a threatened orchid, Platanthera praeclara. Am Midl Nat 139:307–323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith GR, Snow GE (1976) Pollination ecology of Platanthera (Habenaria) ciliaris and P. blephariglottis (Orchidaceae). Bot Gaz 137:133–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith SE, Read DJ (1997) Mycorrhizal symbiosis, 2nd edn. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Spooner D, Shelly JS (1983) The national historical distribution of Platanthera peramoena (A. Gray) A. Gray (Orchidaceae) and its status in Ohio. Rhodora 85:55–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Steffan-Dewenter I, Tscharntke T (1999) Effects of habitat isolation on pollinator communities and seed set. Oecologia 121:432–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stoutamire WP (1974) Relationships of the purple-fringed orchids Platanthera psycodes and P. grandiflora. Brittonia 26:42–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • United States Fish and Wildlife Service (1996) Platanthera praeclara (western prairie fringed orchid) recovery plan. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ft. Snelling, Minnesota, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Vitt P (2001) Effects of hand pollination on reproduction and survival of the eastern prairie fringed orchid: final report. The Chicago Botanic Gardens, Glencoe, IL, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Voss EG (1972) Michigan flora. I. Gymnosperms and monocots. Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bloomfield Hills, MI

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallace JE (1951) The orchids of Maine. Univ Maine Bull 53:1–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallace LE (2002) Examining the effects of fragmentation on genetic variation in Platanthera leucophaea (Orchidaceae): influences from allozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Plant Species Biol 17:37–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace LE (2003) The cost of inbreeding in Platanthera leucophaea (Orchidaceae). Am J Bot 90:235–242

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Washitani I (1996) Predicted gender consequences of strong fertility selection due to pollinator loss in an isolated population of Primula sieboldii. Conserv Biol 10:59–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weller SG (1994) The relationship of rarity to plant reproductive biology. In: Bowles ML, Whelan CJ (eds) Restoration of endangered species: conceptual issues, planning and implementation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 90–117

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Willson MF (1979) Sexual selection in plants. Am Nat 133:777–790

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Charles L. Argue Ph.D. .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Argue, C.L. (2012). Lacera Group. In: The Pollination Biology of North American Orchids: Volume 1. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0592-4_11

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics