Skip to main content

Structure, Bonding and Dynamics of Surface and Sub-surface Polymer Films Produced by Direct Fluorination as Revealed by ESCA

  • Chapter
Advances in Polymer Friction and Wear

Part of the book series: Polymer Science and Technology ((POLS,volume 5))

  • 316 Accesses

Abstract

The nature of the surface (i.e. ~50Å) of a polymer is of crucial importance in determining many physical, chemical and mechanical properties and this arises since solids communicate with the rest of the universe by way of the surface. A detailed ESCA examination has been made of the nature of the surface fluoropolymer produced by interaction of high density polyethylene films with fluorine diluted in nitrogen which demonstrate the great potential of ESCA in this area. The topics discussed will include inter alia:

  1. (i)

    The preparation and surface characterization of polymer films.

  2. (ii)

    Direct measurement of fluorination depth (in the 0–50A range) as a function of reaction conditions.

  3. (iii)

    Stoichiometry and structure and bonding of surface and subsurface as a function of reaction conditions.

  4. (iv)

    Kinetics and mechanisms of the processes involved.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. P. S. Quinney and B. J. Tighe, Br. Polym. J., 3, 274 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. C.F. B. G. Brand, L. J. Nowacki, W. Mîrîck and E. R. Mueller, J. Paint Technol., 40, 396 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Cf. H. Gregengack and D. Hinze, Phys. Stat. Sol., 8, 513 (1971).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. C. B. Duke, ‘Electron Scattering by Solids’, Chapter 1, ‘Electron Emission Spectroscopy’, Ed. E. Dekeyser, D. Reidel, Boston, U.S.A. (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  5. D. T. Clark, ‘The Application of ESCA to Studies of Structure and Bonding in Polymers’, This Symposium.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Cf. Ref. 5 and references therein.

    Google Scholar 

  7. R. H. Hansen and H. Schonhorn, Polym. Lett., 4, 203 (1966);

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. R. H. Hansen and H. Schonhorn, J. Polymer Sci., B, 4, 203 (1966);

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. R. H. Hansen and H. Schonhorn, J. Appl. Polymer Sci., 11, 1461 (1967); and references therein.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. A. J. Rudge, British Patent, 710,523 (June 1954).

    Google Scholar 

  11. J. L. Margrave and R. J. Lagow, Chem. Eng. News, 48, 40 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Cf. Ref. 9 and (a) K. Tanner, Chimica, 22, 176 (1970);

    Google Scholar 

  13. H. Schonhorn, P. K. Gallagher, J. P. Luongo and F. J. Padden Jnr., Macromolecules, 3, 800 (1970);

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. H. Shinohara, M. Twasaki, S. Tsujimura, K. Watanabe and S. Okazaki, J. Pol. Scci. Al, 10, 2129 (1972); and references therein.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. D. M. J. Lilley, Ph.D. Thesis, university of Durham (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  16. B. Wunderlich, ‘Macromolecular Physics’, Vol. 1, Academic Press, New York, (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  17. H. Schonhorn, Polymer Lett., 467 (1964); (b) H. Schonhorn, Macromolecules, 1, 145 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. D. T. Clark and K. C. Tripathi, Nature Phy. Sci., 241, 162 (1973);

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. D. T. Clark and K. C. Tripathi, Nature, Phy. Sci., 244, 77 (1973).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Cf. J. M. Tedder, Quart. Rev. Chem. Soc, XIV, 336 (1960).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. D. T. Clark, ‘Chemical Applications of ESCA’, Chapter 6, Electron Emission Spectroscopy, Ed. W. Dekeyser, D. Reidel, Boston, U.S.A. (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Cf. D. T. Clark, W. J. Feast, D. Kilcast and W. K. R. Musgrave, J. Pol. Sci. Polymer Chem. Edn., 11, 389 (1973).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Cf. R. A. Pasternak, M. V. Christensen and J. Heller, Macromol ., 3, 366 (1970);

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. R. A. Pasternak, G. L. Burns and J. Heller, Macromol., 4, 470 (1972);

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. R. G. Gerritse, J. Chromatography, 77, 406 (1973); and references therein.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1974 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Clark, D.T., Feast, W.J., Musgrave, W.K.R., Ritchie, I. (1974). Structure, Bonding and Dynamics of Surface and Sub-surface Polymer Films Produced by Direct Fluorination as Revealed by ESCA. In: Lee, LH. (eds) Advances in Polymer Friction and Wear. Polymer Science and Technology, vol 5. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9942-1_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9942-1_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-9944-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-9942-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics