Abstract
People tend to engage in behaviors they believe will get them what they want. A number of important psychological theories are based on this simple premise and are known as “expectancy-value” theories because they deal with the values people place on certain outcomes or goals and with their expectations that certain behaviors will help them attain these goals. An expectancy-value approach to psychopathology and psychotherapy assumes that people become distressed, get into conflicts with other people, and thus present themselves to psychotherapists and counselors because they hold inaccurate expectations about the behavior of other people and themselves, undervalue or overvalue certain outcomes or consequences, feel nothing can be done to achieve what they want, or feel incapable of doing those things that might obtain for them their goals.
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Maddux, J.E., Stanley, M.A., Manning, M.M. (1987). Self-Efficacy Theory and Research: Applications in Clinical and Counseling Psychology. In: Maddux, J.E., Stoltenberg, C.D., Rosenwein, R. (eds) Social Processes in Clinical and Counseling Psychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8728-2_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8728-2_4
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