Abstract
Two questions appear to us to be fundamental to the understanding of life history evolution. First, what sorts of selective forces are impinging on a species over its range or a given environmental gradient? Second, what is the response by this species to this gradient? As has often been pointed out, there is abundant theory relating to general (many assumptions) or special (very specific) circumstances but fewer direct answers to the two questions posed above. Before one can predict the outcome of selection, one must first know how selection is operating; only then can one test the predictions about what organisms ought to do by comparing these predictions with what one actually finds them doing.
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Bradshaw, W.E., Holzapfel, C.M. (1986). Geography of Density-Dependent Selection in Pitcher-Plant Mosquitoes. In: Taylor, F., Karban, R. (eds) The Evolution of Insect Life Cycles. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8666-7_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8666-7_4
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