Abstract
Modern therapy for tuberculosis is highly effective, but the same cannot be said for treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease. The commonest and most important of these pathogens, the M avium-intracellulare-scrofulaceum complex (MAC), as well as the rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) M for-tuitum and M chelonae, and several less common species, exhibit resistance to most chemother-apeutic drugs so that successful treatment is a real challenge. Noteworthy exceptions including M kansasii and M marinum show more favorable drug susceptibility, and in these successful treatment is expected and more predictable.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
David HL: Basis for lack of drug susceptibility of atypical mycobacteria. Rev Infect Dis 1981;3: 878–884.
Heifets L: Qualitative and quantitative drug susceptibility test in mycobacteriology. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988;137:1217–1222.
Heifets LB, Iseman MD, Lindholm-Levy PJ, Kanes W: Determination of ansamycin MICs for Mycobacterium avium complex in liquid medium by radiometric and conventional methods. Anti-microb Agents Chemother 1985;28:570–575.
Heifets LB, Iseman MD, Lindholm-Levy PJ: Ethambutol MICs and MBCs for Mycobacterium avium complex and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1986;30:927–932.
Heifets LB: MIC as a quantitative measurement of the susceptibility of Mycobacterium avium strains to seven antituberculosis drugs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1988;32:1131–1136.
Heifets LB, Iseman MD, Lindholm-Levy PJ: Combinations of rifampin or rifabutin plus ethambutol against M. avium complex: bactericidal synergistic, and bacteriostatic additive or synergistic effects. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988;137:711–715.
Kuze F, Kurasawa T, Bando K, et al: In vitro and in vivo susceptibility of atypical mycobacteria to various drugs. Rev Infect Dis 1981;3: 855–987.
Harris GD, Johanson WG Jr, Nicholson DP: Response to chemotherapy of pulmonary infection due to Mycobacterium kansasii. Am Rev Respir Dis 1975;112:31–36.
Pfuetze KH, Lee VV, Riemann AF, et al: Photo-chromogenic mycobacterial pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1965;92:470–475.
Pezzia W, Raleigh JW, Bailey MC, et al: Treatment of pulmonary disease due to Mycobacterium kansasii: Recent experience with Rifampin. Rev Infect Dis 1981;3:1035–1039.
Davidson PT, Goble M, Lester W: The antituberculosis efficacy of Rifampin in 136 cases. Chest 1972;61:574–578.
Ahn CH, Lowell JR, Ahn SS, et al: Chemotherapy for pulmonary disease due to Mycobacterium kansasii: Efficacies of some individual drugs. Rev Infect Dis 1981;3:1028–1034.
Ahn CH, Lowell JR, Ahn SS, et al: Short course chemotherapy for pulmonary disease due to M kansaii. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983;128:1048–1050.
Campbell IA: A study of 9-month treatment with rifampicin and ethambutol in pulmonary infection with M. kansasii (abstract). Bull Int Union Tuberc 1986;61:43.
Ahn CH, Wallace RH Jr, Steele LC, Murphy DT: Sulfonamide-containing regimens for disease caused by rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium kansasii. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987;135:10–76.
Wallace RJ Jr, O’Brien R, Glassroth J, Raleigh J, Dutt A: Diagnosis and treatment of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. (ATS statement). Am Rev Respir Dis 1990;142:940–953.
Levine B, Chaisson RE: Mycobacterium kansasii: a cause of treatable pulmonary disease associated with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Ann Intern Med 1991;114:861–868.
Sherer R, Sable R, Sonnenberg M, et al: Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium kansasii in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1986;105:710–712.
Wolinsky E: Nontuberculous mycobacteria and associated disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1979; 119:107–159.
Rosenzweig DY: Pulmonary mycobacterial infections due to Mycobacterium intracellulare-avium complex: Clinical features and course in 100 consecutive cases. Chest 1979;75:115–119.
Rosenzweig DY, Schlueter DP: Spectrum of clinical disease in pulmonary infection with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. Rev Infect Dis 1981;3:1046–1051.
Etzkorn ET, Aldorando S, McAllister CK, et al: Medical therapy of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986; 134:442–445.
Hunter AM, Campbell IA, Jenkins PA, et al: Treatment of pulmonary infections caused by mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium avium intracellular complex. Thorax 1981;36:326–329.
Rosenzweig DY: “Atypical” mycobacterioses. Clin Chest Med 1980;1:273–284.
Prince DS, Peterson DD, Steiner RM, et al: Infection with Mycobacterium avium complex in patients without redisposing conditions. N Eng J Med 1989;321:863–868.
Dutt AK, Stead WW: Long-term results of medical treatment in Mycobacterium intracellular infection. Am J Med 1979;67:449–453.
Davidson PT, Khanijo V, Goble M, et al: Treatment of disease due to Mycobacterium intracellular. Rev Infect Dis 1981;3:1052–1059.
Ahn CH, Ahn SS, Anderson RA, et al: A four-drug regimen for initial treatment of cavitary disease caused by Mycobacterium avium complex. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986;134:438–441.
Horsburgh CR Jr, Mason UG III, Heifets LB, South wick K, Labrecque J, Iseman MD: Response to therapy of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection correlates with results of in vitro susceptibility testing. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987;135:418–421.
Reich JM, Johnson RE: Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease: Incidence, presentations and response to therapy in a community setting. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991;143:1381–1385.
Corpe RF: Surgical management of pulmonary disease due to Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. Rev Infect Dis 1981;3:1064–1067.
Moran JF, Alexander LG, Staub EW, et al: Long-term results of pulmonary resection for atypical mycobacterial disease. Ann Thorac Surg 1983;35:597–604.
Iseman MD, Sbarbaro JA, guest eds: National American College of Chest Physicians Consensus Conference of Tuberculosis. Chest 1985; 87(suppl): 139–149).
Gribetz AR, Damsker B, Bottone EJ, et al: Solitary pulmonary nodules due to nontuberculous mycobacteria infection. Am J Med 1981;70:39–43.
Heifets LB, Iseman MD: Individualized therapy versus standard regimens in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium infections (editorial). Am Rev Respir Dis 1991;144:1–2.
Kurzrock R., Zander A, Vellekoop L, et al: Mycobacterial pulmonary infections after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Am J Med 1984;77:35–40.
Golomb HM, Hadad LJ: Infectious complications in 127 patients with hairy cell leukemia. Am J Hematol 1984;16:393–401.
Horsburgh CR: Mycobacterium avium complex infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 1991;324:1332–1338.
Agins BD, Berman DS, Spicehandler D, el Sadr W, Simberkoff MS, Rahal JJ: Effect of combined therapy with ansamycin, clofazimine, ethambu-tol, and isoniazid for Mycobacterium avium infection in patients with AIDS. J Infect Dis 1989;159:784–787.
Hoy J, Mijch A, Sandland M, Grayson L, Lucas R, Dwyer B: Quadruple-drug therapy for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare bacteremia in AIDS patients J Infect Dis 1990;161:801–805.
Chiu J, Nussbaum J, Bozzette S, et al: Treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in AIDS with amikacin, ethambu-tol, rifampin, and ciprofloxacin. Ann Intern Med 1990;113:358–361.
Hsu KHK: Atypical mycobacterial infections in children. Rev Infect Dis 1981;3:1075–1080.
Schaad VB, Votteler TP, McCracken GH, et al: Management of atypical mycobacterial lymphadenitis in childhood. J Pediatr 1979;95:356–360.
Wallace RJ Jr: The clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapy of cutaneous and pulmonary infections due to the rapidly growing mycobacteria, M. fortuitum and M. chelonae. Clin Chest Med 1989;10:419–429.
Hoy JF, Rolston KVI, Hopfer RL, Bodey GP: Mycobacterium fortuitum bacteremia in patients with cancer and long-term venous catheters. Am J Med 1987;83:213–217.
Hoffman PC, Fraser DW, Robicsek F, O’Bar PR, Mauney CU: Two outbreaks of sternal wound infections due to organisms of the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex. J Infect Dis 1981; 143:533–542.
Clegg HW, Foster MT, Sanders WE Jr, Baine WB: Infection due to organisms of the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex after augmentation mammaplasty: clinical and epidemiologic features J Infect Dis 1983;147:427–433.
Levy C, Cartin JA, Watkins A, et al: Mycobacterium chelonei infection of heart valves. N Engl J Med 1977;297:667–668.
Swenson JM, Wallace RJ Jr, Silcox VA, Thornsberry C: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 5 subgroups of Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium chelonae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1985;28:807–811.
Yew WW, Kwan SY, Ma WK, et al: Combination of ofloxacin and amikacin in treatment of sternotomy wound infection. Chest 1989;95: 1051–1055.
Yew WW, Kwan SY, Ma WK, et al: Single daily dose ofloxacin monotherapy for Mycobacterium fortuitum sternotomy infection. Chest 1989;96: 1150–1152.
Wallace RJ Jr, Swenson JM, Silcox VA, Bullen MG: Treatment of nonpulmonary infections due to Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium chelonei on the basis of in vitro susceptibilities. J Infect Dis 1985;152:500–514.
Dalovisio JR, Pankey GA, Wallace RJ, Jones DB: Clinical usefulness of amikacin and doxy-cycline in the treatment of infection due to Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium chelonei. Rev Infect Dis 1981;3:1068–1074.
Kin R: Tetracycline therapy for atypical granuloma. Arch Dermatol 1974;110:299.
Loria PR: Minocycline hydrochloride treatment for atypical acid-fast infection. Arch Dermatol 1976;112:517–519.
Black MM, Eykyn S: The successful treatment for atypical fish tank granuloma (Mycobacterium marinum infections). Arch Intern Med 1986; 146:902–904.
Chow SP, Ip FK, Lau JHK, et al: Mycobacterium marinum infection of the hand and wrist. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1987;69-A:1161–1168.
Yates MD, Grange JM, Collins CH: The nature of mycobacterial disease in southeast England, 1977–1984. J Epidemiol Community Health 1986;40:295–300.
Banks J, Jenkins PA, Smith AP: Pulmonary infection with Mycobacterium malmoense: a review of treatment and response. Tubercle 1985; 66:197–203.
Maloney JM, Gregg CR, Stephens DS, Manian FA, Rimland D: Infections caused by Mycobacterium szulgai in humans. Rev Infect Dis 1987; 9:1120–1126.
Banks J, Jenkins PA: Combined versus single antituberculosis drugs on the in vitro sensitivity patterns of non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Thorax 1987;42:838–842.
Bell RC, Higuchi JH, Donovan WN, Drasnow I, Johanson WG: Mycobacterium simiae. Clinical features and follow-up of twenty-four patients. Am Rev Respir is 1983;127:35–38.
Parrot RG, Grosset JH: Post-surgical outcome of 57 patients with Mycobacterim xenopi pulmonary infection. Tubercle 1988;69:47–55.
Perrone C, Gikas A, Truffot-Perrot C, et al: Clarithromycin, sulfamethoxazole, and rifabutin activity against Mycobacterium avium-complex multiplication within human macrophages. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990;34:1508–1511.
Dautzenberg B, Truffot C, Legris S, et al: Activity of clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium infection in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991;144:564–569.
Horsburgh CR, Havlik JA, Ellis DA, et al: Survival of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease with and without chemotherapy. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 144:557–559.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rosenzweig, D.Y. (1994). Treatment of Diseases Caused by Nontuberculous Mycobacteria. In: Schlossberg, D. (eds) Tuberculosis. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8321-5_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8321-5_27
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-8323-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-8321-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive