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The Peripheral Circulation in Heart Failure

  • Chapter
Congestive Heart Failure

Abstract

The development and progression of myocardial failure are heralded by the activation of circulating neurohormonal systems that modulate both vascular tone and renal retention of salt and water. In addition, the peripheral Circulation undergoes local changes in response to heart failure that are fundamental to the pathophysiology of this disease state. The fractional distribution of blood flow to the kidneys, limbs, and splanchnic beds decreases, whereas blood flow to the heart and brain is preserved.1,2 The diminished exercise capacity of limb muscles in patients with heart failure may be due, in part, to chronically diminished nutritive perfusion.3,4 Renal hypoperfusion and altered intrarenal hemodynamics may contribute to sodium and water retention.5,6 Previous chapters have focused on the mechanisms underlying systemic activation of the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin system, as well as other circulatory neurohormones, such as arginine vasopressin and atrial natriuretic factor.

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Authors
  1. Alan T. Hirsch
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  2. Mark A. Creager
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiology, Oregon Cardiac Transplant Program, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, 97201-3098, USA

    Jeffrey D. Hosenpud M.D.

  2. Division of Cardiology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, 97201-3098, USA

    Barry H. Greenberg M.D.

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Hirsch, A.T., Creager, M.A. (1994). The Peripheral Circulation in Heart Failure. In: Hosenpud, J.D., Greenberg, B.H. (eds) Congestive Heart Failure. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8315-4_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8315-4_10

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