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The Measurement of Defense Mechanisms by Self-Report Questionnaires

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The Concept of Defense Mechanisms in Contemporary Psychology

Abstract

In 1893 a new construct was introduced in psychology: repression. As far as psychology was concerned, the term “construct” still resided in the collective preconscious. Freud did not call it so but he described the phenomenon and how he thought this mechanism would work. “The basis for repression itself can only be a feeling of unpleasure, the incompatibility between the single idea that is to be repressed and the dominant mass of ideas constituting the ego. The repressed idea takes its revenge however by becoming pathogenic.” (Freud, 1893, p. 116) In his report on the case of Miss Lucie R., Freud further postulated that it is primal repression that exerts some suction on all other ideas or affects later to be repressed: “When this process occurs for the first time there comes into being a nucleus and center of crystallization for the formation of a psychical group divorced from the ego—a group around which everything which would imply an acceptance of the incompatible idea subsequently collects.” (1893, p. 123)

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Authors
  1. Uwe Hentschel
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  2. Wolfram Ehlers
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  3. Rainer Peter
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Personality Psychology, University of Leiden, 2300 RB, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Uwe Hentschel Ph.D.

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Lund, S-22350, Lund, Sweden

    Gudmund J. W. Smith Ph.D.

  3. Center for Psychotherapy Research, D-70597, Stuttgart 70, Germany

    Wolfram Ehlers M.D.

  4. Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 16802, University Park, PA, USA

    Juris G. Draguns Ph.D.

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Hentschel, U., Ehlers, W., Peter, R. (1993). The Measurement of Defense Mechanisms by Self-Report Questionnaires. In: Hentschel, U., Smith, G.J.W., Ehlers, W., Draguns, J.G. (eds) The Concept of Defense Mechanisms in Contemporary Psychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8303-1_5

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