Abstract
This chapter will discuss the occurrence of lymphoid tumors of animals other than man to acquaint the interested reader with the epidemiology and etiology of these tumors. The term lymphosarcoma (LSA) will be used to describe tumors arising from lymphoid tissues that result in either discrete solid tumor masses or the diffuse infiltration of tissues and organs by neoplastic lymphocytes. The presence of neoplastic lymphocytes in the peripheral blood will be considered a manifestation of LSA, and will be termed a leukemic blood profile. This usage is somewhat different from the common usage in human medicine.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abt, D. A., Marshak, R. R., Kulp, H. W., and Pollock, R. J., Jr., 1970, Studies on the relationship between lymphocytosis and bovine leukosis, in: Comparative Leukemia Research ( R. M. Dutcher, ed.), pp. 527–536, Karger, Basel.
Aoki, T., Boyse, E. A., and Old, L. J., 1968, Wild-type Gross leukemia virus. III. Serological tests as indicators of leukemia risk, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 41: 103–110.
Ambrose, K. R., and Coggin, J. H., Jr., 1975, An epizootic in hamsters of lymphomas of undetermined origin and mode of transmission, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 54: 877–880.
Anderson, L. J., and Jarrett, W. F. H., 1968, Lymphosarcoma (leukemia) in cattle, sheep and pigs in Great Britain, Cancer 22: 398–405.
Andervont, H. B., and Dunn, T. B.: 1962, Occurrence of tumors in wild house mice, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 28: 1153–1163.
Armstrong, J. A., Porterfield, J. S., and DeMadrid, A. T., 1971, C-type virus particles in pig kidney cell lines, J. Gen. Virol. 10: 195–198.
August, J. T., Bolognesi, D. P., Fleissner, E., Gilden, R. V., and Nowinski, R. C., 1974, A proposed nomenclature for the virion proteins of oncogenic RNA viruses. Virology 60: 595–600.
Balls, M., 1965a, Lymphosarcoma in the South African clawed toad, Xenopus laevis: A virus tumor, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 126: 256–273.
Balls, M., 1965b, The incidence of pathologic abnormalities including spontaneous lymphosarcomas in a laboratory stock of Xenopus (the South African clawed toad), Cancer Res. 25: 3–6.
Balls, M., and Ruben, L. N., 1967, The transmission of lymphosarcoma in Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. Cancer Res. 27: 654–659.
Baltimore, D., 1970, Viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. Nature (London) 226: 1209–1211.
Banfield, W. G., 1969, Hamster lymphoma, TM, Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 32: 335–336.
Banfield, W. G., Woke, P. A., MacKay, C. M., and Cooper, H. L., 1965, Mosquito transmission of a reticulum cell sarcoma of hamsters. Science 148: 1239–1240.
Banfield, W. G., Woke, P. A., and MacKay, C. M., 1966, Mosquito transmission of lymphomas. Cancer 19: 1333–1336.
Bartsch, D. C., Springher, F., and Falk, H., 1975, Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 232: 1333–1336.
Baumgartener, L. E., Olson, C., Miller, J. M., and Van Der Maaten, M. J., 1975, Survey for antibodies to leukemia (C-type) virus in cattle, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 166: 249–251.
Beasley, J. N., Patterson, L. T., and McWade, D. H., 1970, Transmission of Marek’s disease by poultry house dust and chicken dander, Am. J. Vet. Res. 31: 339–344.
Bendixen, H. J., 1960, Untersuchungen über die Rinderleukose in Dänemark, Dtsch. Tieraerztl. Wochenschr. 67: 4–7.
Bendixen, H. J., 1963, Preventive measures in cattle leukemia: Leukosis enzootic bovis, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 108: 1241–1267.
Bendixen, H. J., 1967, Epizootiology, diagnosis, and control of bovine leukosis, Bull. Off. Int. Epizoot. 68: 73–99.
Bendixen, H. J., 1969, Preventive measures in cattle leukemia: Leukosis enzootic bovis, Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 39: 1241–1267.
Bendixen, H. J., 1973, Epidemiological studies of enzootic bovine leukosis associated with the public control program in Denmark, 1959–1971, in: Unifying Concepts of Leukemia ( R. M. Dutcher and L. Chieco-Bianchi, eds.), pp. 215–219, Karger, Basel.
Benveniste, R. E., and Todaro, G. J., 1974, Evolution of type-C viral genes: Inheritance of exogenously acquired viral genes, Nature (London) 252: 456–459.
Brandly, P. J., and Migaki, G., 1963, Types of tumors found by Federal meat inspectors in an eight-year survey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 108: 872–879.
Brick, J. 0., Roenigk, W. J., and Wilson, G. P., 1968, Chemotherapy of malignant lymphoma in dogs and cats, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 153: 47–52.
Brindley, D. C., and Banfield, W. G., 1961, A contagious tumor of the hamster, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 26: 949–957.
Brodey, R. S., McDonough, S., Frye, F. L., and Hardy, W. D., Jr., 1970, Epidemiology of feline leukemia, in: Comparative Leukemia Research ( R. M. Dutcher, ed.), pp. 333–342, Karger, Basel.
Brown, E. R., Keith, L., Hazdra, J. J., and Arndt, T., 1975, Tumors in fish caught in polluted waters: Possible explanations, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1973 ( Y. Ito and R. M. Dutcher, eds.), pp. 47–57, Karger, Basel.
Bruner, D. W., and Gillespie, J. H., 1973, Hagan’s Infectious Diseases of Domestic Animals, 6th Ed., Cornell University Press, Ithaca and London.
Bullock, F. D., and Curtis, M. R., 1930, Spontaneous tumors of the rat, J. Cancer Res. 14: 1–115.
Burkitt, D., and O’Conor, G. T., 1961, Malignant lymphoma in African children. 1. A clinical syndrome. Cancer 14: 258–269.
Burmester, B. R., 1956, The shedding of the virus of visceral lymphomatosis in the saliva and the feces of normal and lymphomatous chickens. Poult. Sci. 35: 1089–1099.
Burmester, B. R., 1968, Current status of avian leukosis complex. Southwest Vet. 21: 131–138.
Burmester, B. R., and Gentry, R. F., 1954a, The transmission of avian visceral lymphomatosis by contact, Cancer Res. 14: 34–42.
Burmester, B. R., and Gentry, R. F., 1954b, A study of possible avenues of infection with virus of avian visceral lymphomatosis, Proc. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 311–316.
Burmester, B. R., and Purchase, H. G., 1970, Occurrence, transmission and oncogenic spectrum of the avian leukosis viruses, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1969 ( R. M. Dutcher, ed.), pp. 83–95, Karger, Basel.
Caldwell, G. G. Baumgartener, L., Carter, C., Cotter, S., Currier, R., Essex, M., Hardy, W., Olson, C., and Olsen, R., 1976, Seroepidemiologic testing in man for evidence of antibodies to feline leukemia virus and bovine leukemia virus, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1975 ( J. Clemmesen and D. S. Yohn, eds.), pp. 238–241, Karger, Basel.
Callahan, R., Lieber, M. M., Todaro, G. J., Graves, D. C., and Ferrer, J. F., 1976, Bovine leukemia virus genes in the DNA of leukemic cattle. Science 192: 1005–1007.
Campbell, J. G., 1969, Tumours of the Fowl, J. B. Lippincott, Philadelphia.
Casarett, G. W., 1965, Experimental radiation carcinogenesis, Prog. Exp. Tumor Res. 7: 49–76.
Cohen, D., Booth, S., and Sussman, O., 1959, An epidemiological study of canine lymphoma and its public health significance, Am. J. Vet. Res. 20: 1026–1031.
Cohen, D., Reif, J. S., Brodey, R. S., and Keiser, H., 1974, Epidemiological analysis of the most prevalent sites and types of canine neoplasia observed in a veterinary hospital. Cancer Res. 34: 2859–2868.
Congdon, C. C., and Lorenz, E., 1954, Leukemia in guinea pigs. Am. J. Pathol. 30: 337–359.
Cotchin, E., 1960, Tumours of farm animals. Vet. Rec. 72: 816–823.
Cotter, S. M., Hardy, W. D., Jr., and Essex, M., 1975, Association of feline leukemia virus with lymphosarcoma and other disorders in the cat, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 166: 449–454.
Crain, R. C., 1958, Spontaneous tumors in the Rochester strain of the Wistar rat, Am. J. Pathol. 34: 311–335.
Crighton, G. W., 1969, Lymphosarcoma in the cat. Vet. Rec. 84: 329–331.
Crittenden, L. B., 1976, The epidemiology of avian lymphoid leukosis. Cancer Res. 36: 570–573.
Crittenden, L. B., Stone, H. A., Reamer, R. H., and Okazaki, W., 1967, Two loci controlling genetic cellular resistance to avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses, J. Virol. 5: 898–904.
Dalton, A. J., Melnick, J. L., Bauer, H., Beaudreau, G., Bentzvelzen, P., Bolognesi, D., Gallo, R., Graffi, A., Haguenau, F., Heston, W., Huebner, R., Todaro, G., and Heine, U. I., 1974, The case for a family of reverse transcriptase viruses: Retraviridae, Intervirology 4: 201–206.
Dawe, C. J., 1969, Neoplasms of blood cell origin in Poikilothermie animals-A review, Natl Cancer Inst. Monogr. 32: 7–28.
DePaoli, A., and Gamer, F. M., 1968, Acute lymphocytic leukemia in a white-cheeked gibbon (Hylobates concolor), Cancer Res. 28: 2559–2561.
DePaoli, A., Johnsen, D. O., and Noll, W. W., 1973, Granulocytic leukemia in whitehanded gibbons, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 163: 624–628.
DiGiacomo, R. F., 1967, Burkitt’s lymphoma in a whitehanded gibbon (Hylobates lar), Cancer Res. 27: 1178–1179.
Dorn, C. R., Taylor, D. O. N., and Hibbard, H. H., 1967, Epizootic characteristics of canine and feline leukemia and lymphoma. Am. J. Vet. Res. 28: 993–1001.
Dorn, C. R., Taylor, D. O. N., Frye, F. L., and Hibbard, H. H., 1968a, Survey of animal neoplasma in Alameda and Contra Costa counties, California. 1. Methodology and description of cases, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 40: 295–305.
Dorn, C. R., Taylor, D. O. N., Schneider, R., Hibbard, H. H., and Klauber, M. R., 1968b, Survey of animal neoplasms in Alameda and Contra Costa counties, California. II. Cancer morbidity in dogs and cats from Alameda county, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 40: 307–318.
Dungworth, D. L., Theilen, G. H., and Lengyel, J., 1964, Bovine lymphosarcoma in Califomia. II. The thymic form, Pathol. Vet. 1: 323–350.
Dunn, T. B., 1954, Normal and pathologic anatomy of the reticular tissue in laboratory mice, with a classification and discussion of neoplasms, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 14: 1281–1433.
Dunn, T. B., and Andervont, H. B., 1963, Histology of some neoplasms and non-neoplastic lesions found in wild mice maintained under laboratory conditons, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 31: 873–885.
Enke, K. H., Jungwitz, M., and Rossger, M., 1964, Ein kasuistischer Beitrag zur lymphatischen Leukose des Schafes, Dtsch. Tieraerztl. Wochenschr. 68: 359–364.
Essex, M., and Francis, D. P., 1976, The risk to humans from malignant diseases of their pets: An unsettled issue, J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 12: 386–390.
Essex, M., Klein, G., Snyder, S. P., and Harrold, J. B., 1971, Feline sarcoma virus (FSV) induced tumors: Correlation between humoral antibody and tumor regression. Nature (London) 233: 195–196.
Essex, M., Sliski, A., Cotter, S. M., Jakowski, R. M., and Hardy, W. D., Jr., 1975a, Immunosurveillance of naturally occurring feline leukemia, Science 190: 790–792.
Essex, M., Jakowski, R. M., Hardy, W. D., Jr., Cotter, S. M., Hess, P., and Sliski, A., 1975b, FeUne oncomavirus-associated cell membrane antigen. III. Antibody titers in cats from leukemia cluster households, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 54: 637–641.
Falk, L. A., Wolfe, L. G., and Deinhardt, F., 1972a, Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS): Incidence of latent infection in squirrel monkeys, Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 31: 806.
Falk, L. A., Wolfe, L. G., and Deinhardt, F., 1972b, Isolation of Herpesvirus saimiri from blood of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus), J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 48: 1499–1505.
Feldman, W. H., and Olson, C., 1965, Neoplastic diseases of the chicken, in: Diseases of Poultry ( H. E. Biester and L. H. Schwarte, eds.), pp. 863–924, The Iowa State University Press, Ames.
Ferrer, J. F., 1972, Antigenic comparison of bovine type-C virus with murine and feline leukemia viruses. Cancer Res. 32: 1871–1877.
Ferrer, J. F., and Bhatt, D. M., 1973, Occurrence of fluorescent and precipitin antibodies to a bovine C-type virus (BLV) among the cattle population, Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 14: 118.
Ferrer, J. F. Stock, N. D., and Lin, P. S., 1971, Detection of replicating C-type viruses in continuous cell cultures established from cows with leukemia: Effect of the culture medium, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 27: 613–621.
Ferrer, J. F., Avila, L., and Stock, N. D., 1972, Serological detection of type-C viruses found in bovine cultures. Cancer Res. 32: 1864–1870.
Ferrer, J. F., Bhatt, D. M., Marshak, R. R., and Abt, D. A., 1975, Further studies on the antigenic properties and distribution of the putative bovine leukemia virus, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1973 ( Y. Ito and R. M. Dutcher, eds.), pp. 59–66, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo/Karger, Basel.
Fraser, C. E. O., and Melendez, L. V., 1974, The oncogenic herpesviruses, in: Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science ( E. C. Melby, Jr., and N. H. Altman, eds.), pp. 48–60, CRC Press, Cleveland.
Fujita, D. J., Chen, Y. C., Friis, R. R., and Vogt, P. K., 1974, RNA tumor viruses of pheasants: Characterization of avian leukosis subgroups F and G, Virology 60: 558–571.
Gallo, R. C., and Todaro, G. J., 1976, Oncogenic RNA viruses, Semin. Oncol. 3: 81–95.
Gardner, M. B., Officer, J. E., Rongey, R. W., Estes, J. D., Turner, H. C., and Huebner, R. J., 1971a, C- type RNA tumour virus genome expression in wild house mice. Nature (London) 232: 617–620.
Gardner, M. B., Rongey, R. W., Johnson, E. Y., De Joumett, R., and Huebner, R. J., 1971b, C-type virus particles in salivary tissue of domestic cats, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 47: 561–565.
Gardner, M. B., Henderson, B. E., Rongey, R. W., Estes, J. D., and Huebner, R. J., 1973a, Spontaneous tumors of aging wild house mice: Incidence, pathology, and C-type virus expression, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 50: 719–726.
Gardner, M. B., Henderson, B. E., Estes, J. D., Menck, H., Parker, J. C., and Huebner, R. J., 1973b, Unusually high incidence of spontaneous lymphomas in wild house mice, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 50: 1571–1575.
Gardner, M. B., Klement, V., Rasheed, S., Rongey, R. W., Brown, J. C., Pike, M., Henderson, B. E., and Huebner, R. J., 1976a, The pathogenesis of lymphoma and paralysis in wild mice, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1975 ( J. Clemmesen and D. S. Yohn, eds.), pp. 204–208, Karger, Basel.
Gardner, M. B., Henderson, B. E., Estes, J. D., Rongey, R. W., Casagrandre, J., Pike, M., and Huebner, R. J., 1976b, The epidemiology and virology of C-type virus-associated hematological cancers and related diseases in wild mice, Cancer Res. 36: 574–581.
Geering, G., Hardy, W. D., Jr., Old, L. J., DeHarven, E., and Brodey, R. S., 1968, Shared group-specific antigen of murine and feline leukemia viruses. Virology 36: 678–680.
Geering, G., Aoki, T., and Old, L. J., 1970, Shared viral antigen of mammalian leukemia viruses. Nature (London) 226: 265–266.
Gilden, R. V., Oroszlan, S., and Huebner, R. J., 1971, Coexistance of intraspecies and interspecies specific antigenic determinants on the major structural polypeptide of mammalian C-type viruses. Nature (London) 231: 107–108.
Gilden, R. V., Long, C. W., Hanson, M., Toni, R., Charman, H. P., Oroszlan, S., Miller, J. M., and Van Der Maatan, M. J., 1975, Characteristics of the major internal protein and RNA dependent DNA polymerase of bovine leukemia virus, J. Gen. Virol. 29: 305–314.
Graffi, A., Schramm, T., Bender, E., Graffi, I., Horn, K.-H., and Bierwolf: D., 1968, Cell-free transmissible leukoses in Syrian hamsters, probably of viral aetiology, Br. J. Cancer 22: 577–581.
Gross, L., 1951, Pathogenic properties, and “vertical” transmission of the mouse leukemia agent, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 78: 342–348.
Gross, L., 1970a, Oncogenic Viruses, 2nd Ed., Pergamon Press, New York.
Gross, L., 1970b, Specific, active, intradermal immunization against leukemia in guinea pigs. Acta Haematol 44: 1–10.
Gross, L., 1971, Studies on the nature of acquired immunity against leukemia in guinea pigs, Acta Haematol. 45: 218–231.
Gross, L., Dreyfuss, Y., Ehrenreich, T., and Moore, L. A., 1970, Experimental studies on leukemia in guinea pigs, Acta. Haematol. 43: 193–209.
Gross, P. A., Fong, C. K. Y., and Hsiung, G. D., 1973, Characterization of guinea pig C-type virus, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 143: 367–370.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., 1974a, Management of lymphosarcoma, in: Current Veterinary Therapy, Vol. V ( R. W. Kirk, ed.), pp. 381–387, W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., 1974b, Immunology of oncornaviruses. Vet. Clin. North Am. 4: 133–146.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., 1976a, The etiology of canine and feline tumors, J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 12: 313–334.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., 1976b, (unpublished).
Hardy W. D., Jr., and Old L. J., 1970, L-Asparaginase in the treatment of neoplastic diseases of the dog, cat and cow. Recent Results Cancer Res. 33: 131–139.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., Geering, G., Old, L. J., DeHarven, E., Brodey, R. S., and McDonough, S., 1969, Feline leukemia virus: Occurrence of viral antigen in the tissues of cats with lymphosarcoma and other diseases, Science 166: 1019–1021.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., Old, L. J., Hess, P. W., Essex, M., and Cotter, S. M., 1973a, Horizontal transmission of feline leukemia virus. Nature (London) 244: 266–269.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., Hirshaut, Y., and Hess, P., 1973b, Detection of the feline leukemia virus and other mammalian oncornaviruses by immunofluorescence, in: Unifying Concepts of Leukemia ( R. M. Butcher and L. Chieco-Bianchi, eds.), pp. 778–799, Karger, Basel.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., McClelland, A. J., Hess, P. W., and MacEwen, E. G., 1974a, Veterinarians and the control of feline leukemia virus, J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 10: 367–372.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., McClelland, A. J., Hess, P. W., and MacEwen, E. G., 1974b, Feline leukemia virus and public health awareness, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 165: 1020–1021.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., Hess, P. W., MacEwen, E. G., McCleUand, A. J., Zuckerman, E. E., Essex, M., Cotter, S. M., and Jarrett, O., 1976a, Biology of feline leukemia virus in the natural environment. Cancer Res. 36: 582–588.
Hardy, W. D., Jr., McClelland, A. J., Zuckerman, E. E., Hess, P. W., Essex, M., Cotter, S. M., MacEwen, E.G., and Hayes, A. A., 1976b, Prevention of the contagious spread of feline leukemia virus and the development of leukemia in pet cats. Nature (London) 263: 326–328.
Hare, W. C. D., Marshak, R. R., Abt, D. A., Dutcher, R. M., and Crowshaw, J. E., Jr., 1964, Bovine lymphosarcoma: A review of studies on cattle in the eastern United States, Can. Vet. J. 5: 180–198.
Harshbarger, J. C., and Dawe, C. J., 1973, Hematopoietic neoplasms in invertebrate and poikilothermic vertebrate animals, in: Unifying Concepts of Leukemia ( R. M. Dutcher and L. Chieco-Bianchi, eds.), pp. 1–25, Karger, Basel.
Helmboldt, C. P., and Frederickson, T. N., 1969, The avian leukosis complex, Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 32: 29–39.
Howard, E. B., and Nielsen, S. W., 1965, Neoplasia of the boxer dog. Am. J. Vet. Res. 26: 1121–1131.
Hsiung, G. D., 1972, Activation of guinea pig C-type virus in cultured spleen cells by 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 49: 567–570.
Hsiung, G. D., and Kaplow, L. S., 1969, Herpes-like virus isolated from spontaneously degenerated tissue culture derived from leukemia susceptible guinea pigs, J. Virol. 3: 355–357.
Hsiung, G. D., Fong, C. K. Y., and Lam, K. M., 1973, In vitro transformation of leukocytes with a guinea pig herpes-like virus, in: Unifying Concepts of Leukemia ( R. M. Dutcher and L. Chieco-Bianchi, eds.), pp. 401–409, Karger, Basel.
Huebner, R. J., 1963, Tumor virus study systems, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 108: 1129–1148.
Huebner, R. J., and Todaro, G. J., 1969, Oncogenesis of RNA tumor viruses as determinants of cancer, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 64: 1087–1094.
Huebner, R. J., Gilden, R. V., Lane, W. T., Toni, R., Trimmer, R. W., and Hill, P. R., 1976, Suppression of murine type-C RNA virogenes by type-specific oncornavirus vaccines: Prospects for prevention of cancer, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73: 620–624.
Hughes, W. F., Watanabe, D. H., and Rubin, H., 1963, The development of a chicken flock apparently free of leukosis virus. Avian Dis. 7: 154–165.
Hunt, R. D., Garcia, F. G., Barahona, H. H., King, N. W., Eraser, C. E. O., and Melendez, L. V., 1973, Spontaneous Herpesvirus saimiri lymphoma in an owl monkey, J. Infect. Dis. 127: 723–725.
II Ma, B., Swartzendruber, D. C., and Murphy, W. H., 1969, Detection of virus-like particles in germinal centers of normal guinea pigs, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 130: 586–590.
Ioachim, H. L., Gimovsky, M. L., and Keller, S. E., 1973, Materinal vaccination with formalin-inactivated Gross lymphoma virus in rats and transfer of immunity to offspring, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 144: 376–379.
Jarrett, O., Laird, H. M., and Hay, D., 1969, Growth of feline leukemia virus in human cells. Nature (London) 224: 1208–1209.
Jarrett, W. F. H., Crawford, E. M., Martin, W. B., and Davie, F., 1964, A virus-like particle associated with leukemia (lymphosarcoma). Nature (London) 202: 567–569.
Jarrett, W. F. H., Crighton, G. W., and Dalton, R. G., 1966, Leukemia and lymphosarcoma in animals and man. Vet. Rec. 79: 693–699.
Jarrett, W. F. H., Jarrett, O., Mackey, L., Laird, H., Hardy, W. D., Jr., and Essex, M., 1973, Horizontal transmission of leukemia virus and leukemia in the cat, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 51: 833–841.
Jarrett, W., Mackey, L., Jarrett, O., Laird, H., and Hood, C., 1974, Antibody response and virus survival in cats vaccinated against feline leukemia. Nature (London) 248: 230–232.
Johnsen, D. O., Wooding, W. L., Tanticharoenyos, P., and Bourgeons, C. H., Jr., 1971, Malignant lymphoma in the gibbon, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 159: 563–566.
Jones, M. D., Lan, D. T., and Warthen, J., 1972, Lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma in two white-handed gibbons, Hylobates lar, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 49: 599–601.
Jungeblut, C. W., and Kodza, H., 1962, Studies of leukemia L2C in guinea pigs, Arch. Gesamte Virusforsch. 12: 537–551.
Jungherr, E., 1963, Tumors and tumor-like conditions in monkeys, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 108: 777–792.
Jungherr, E., and Hughes, W. F., 1965, The avian leukosis complex, in: Diseases of Poultry ( H. E. Biester and L. H. Schwarte, eds.), pp. 512–567, Iowa State University Press, Ames.
Kawakami, T. G., and Buckley, P. M., 1974, Antigenic studies on gibbon type-C viruses. Transplant. Proc. 6: 193–196.
Kawakami, T. G., Huff, S. D., Buckley, P. M., Dungworth, D. L., Snyder, S. P., and Gilden, R. V., 1972, C-type virus associated with gibbon lymphosarcoma. Nature (London) New Biol. 235: 170–171.
Kawakami, T. G., Buckley, P. M., McDowell, T. S., and DePaoli, A., 1973, Antibodies to simian C-type virus antigen in sera of gibbons (Hylobates sp.). Nature (London) New Biol. 246: 105–107.
Kawakami, T. G., Buckley, P. M., DePaoli, A., Noll, W., and Bustad, L. K., 1975, Studies on the prevalence of type-C virus associated with gibbon hematopoietic neoplasms, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1973 ( Y. Ito and R. M. Dutcher, eds.), pp. 385–389, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo/Karger, Basel.
Kawakami, T. G., McDowell, T. S., Johnson, D. L., Breznock, A. L., and Harrold, J. B., 1976, Oncornavirus-host interactions in gibbons, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1975 ( J. Clemmesen and D. S. Yohn, eds.), pp. 184–186, Karger, Basel.
Kim, U., Clifton, K. H., and Furth, J., 1960, A highly inbred line of Wistar rats yielding spontaneous mammo-somatotropic pituitary and other tumors, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 24: 1031–1047.
Kirkwood, J. M., Geering, G., Old, L. J., Mizell, M., and Wallace, J., 1969, A preliminary report on the serology of Lucké and Burkitt Herpes-type viruses: A shared antigen, in: Biology of Amphibian Tumors ( M. Mizell, ed.), pp. 365–367, Springer-Verlag, New York.
Klein, G., 1972, Herpesviruses and oncogenesis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 69: 1056–1064.
Klein, G., 1973, The Epstein-Barr virus, in: The Herpesviruses ( A. S. Kaplan, ed.), pp. 521–550, Academic Press, New York.
Klement, V., Hartley, J. W., Rowe, W., and Huebner, R. J., 1969, Recovery of a hamster-specific, focus-forming, and sarcomagenic virus from a “noninfectious” hamster tumor induced by the Kirsten mouse sarcoma virus, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 43: 925–934.
Knuth, P., and Volkman, O., 1916, Untersuchungen über die Lymphozytomatose des Rindes, Z. Inftionskr. Haustiere 17: 393–467.
Koller, L. D., Olson, C., and Gillette, K. G., 1970, Attempted transmission of bovine lymphosarcoma to swine, Am. J. Vet. Res. 31: 285–289.
Lapin, B. A., 1973, The epidemiologic and genetic aspects of an outbreak of leukemia among Hamadryas baboons of the Sukhumi monkey colony, in: Unifying Concepts of Leukemia ( R. M. Dutcher and L. Chieco-Bianchi, eds.), pp. 263–268, Karger, Basel.
Lapin, B. A., 1975, Possible ways viral leukemia spreads among the Hamadryas baboons of the Sukhumi monkey colony, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1973 ( Y. Ito and R. M. Dutcher, eds.), pp. 75–84, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo/Karger, Basel.
Lapin, B. A., 1976, Epidemiology of leukemia among baboons of Sukhumi monkey colony, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1975 ( J. Clemmesen and D. S. Yohn, eds.), pp. 212–215, Karger, Basel.
Laufs, R., 1976, Nonhuman primate oncogenic herpesviruses: Virus-host relationships, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1975 (J. Clemmesen and D. S. Yohn, eds.), pp- 331–335, Karger, Basel.
Laufs, R., and Fleckenstein, B., 1973, Malignant lymphoma induced by partially purified Herpesvirus saimiri and recovery of infectious virus from tumorous lymph nodes, Med. Microbiol. Immunol. 158: 135–146.
Laufs, R., and Steinke, H., 1975a, Vaccination of non-human primates against malignant lymphoma. Nature (London) 253: 71–72.
Laufs, R., and Steinke, H., 1975b, Passive immunization of marmoset monkeys against neoplasia induced by a herpesvirus. Nature (London) 255: 226–228.
Lebel, J. L., Bull, E. H., Johnson, L. J., and Waiters, R. L., 1970, Lymphosarcoma associated with nodal concentration of plutonium in dogs: A preliminary report, Am. J. Vet. Res. 31: 1513–1516.
Lieber, M. M., Benveniste, R. E., Livingston, D. M., and Todaro, G. J., 1973, Mammalian cells in culture frequently release type-C viruses, Science 182: 56–59.
Lingeman, C. H., 1969, Spontaneous hematopoietic neoplasms of nonhuman primates: Review, case report, and comparative studies, Natl Cancer Inst. Monogr. 32: 157–170.
Lunger, P. D., Hardy, W. D., Jr., and Clark, H. F., 1974, C-type virus particles in a reptilian tumor, J. Natl Cancer Inst. 52: 1231–1235.
MacEwen, E. G., and Hess, P. W., 1975, Management of hematopoietic neoplasms in the canine, Am. Anim. Hasp. Assoc. Proceed. 2: 109–125.
Marshak, R. R., 1968, Criteria for the determination of the normal and leukotic state in cattle, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 41: 243–263.
Marshak, R. R., and Abt, D. A., 1968, Bovine leukemia, in: Experimental Leukemia ( M. Rich, ed.), pp. 191–204, Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York.
McClure, H. M., Keeling, M. E., Custer, R. P., Marshak, R. R., Abt, D. A., and Ferrer, J. F., 1974, Erythroleukemia in two infant chimpanzees fed milk from cows naturally infected with bovine C-type virus, Cancer Res. 34: 2745–2157.
McCoy, G. W., 1909, A preliminary report of tumors found in wild rats, J. Med. Res. 21: 285–296.
McKee, G. S., Lucas, A. M., Denington, E. M., and Lover, F. C., 1963, Separation of leukotic andnon- leukotic lesions in turkeys on the inspection line. Avian Dis. 7: 19–30.
Meincke, J. E., Hobbie, W. V., and Hardy, W. D., Jr., 1972, Lymphoreticular malignancies in the cat: Clinical findings, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 160: 1093–1099.
Meléndez, L. V., Daniel, M. D., Hunt, R. D., and Garcia, F. G., 1968, An apparently new herpesvirus from primary kidney cultures of the squirrel monkey, Lab. Anim. Care 18: 374–381.
Meléndez, L. V., Hunt, R. D., King, N. W., Barahona, H. H., Daniel, M. D., Eraser, C. E. O., and Garcia, F. G., 1972, A new lymphoma virus of monkeys: Herpesvirus ateles. Nature (London) New Biol. 235: 182–184.
Meléndez, L. V., Hunt, R. D., Daniel, M. D., Blake, B. J., and Garcia, F. G., 1973, Acute lymphocytic leukemia in owl monkeys inoculated with Herpesvirus saimiri, Science 171: 1161–1163.
Migaki, G., 1969, Hematopoietic neoplasms of slaughter animals, Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 32: 121–139.
Miguez, C., 1918, Sarcoma espontáneo transplantable en al cobayo. Rev. Inst. Bacteriol. Buenos Aires 1: 147–154.
Miller, J. M., and Olson, C., 1972, Precipitating antibody to an internal antigen of the C-type virus associated with bovine lymphosarcoma, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 49: 1459–1462.
Miller, J. M., and Van Der Maaten, M. J., 1972, A complement fixation test for the bovine leukemia (C-type) virus, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 53: 1699–1702.
Miller, J. M., Miller, L. D., Olson, C., and Gillette, K. G., 1969, Virus-like particles in phytohemagglutinin stimulated lymphocyte cultures with reference to bovine lymphosarcoma, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 43: 1297–1305.
Miller, L. D., Miller, J. M., and Olson, C., 1972, Inoculation of calves with particles resembling C-type virus from cultures of bovine lymphosarcoma, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 48: 423–428.
Monlux, A. W., Anderson, W. A., and Davis, C. L., 1956, A survey of tumors occurring in cattle, sheep and swine. Am. J. Vet. Res. 17: 646–677.
Morris, W. P., 1968, Neoplasms and spontaneous diseases in a beagle colony, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 152: 1085.
Mulcahy, M. F., and O’Leary, A., 1970, Cell-free transmission of lymphosarcoma in the northern pike Esox lucius L. (Pisces; Esocidae), Experientia 8: 891.
Mulcahy, M. F., Winguist, G., and Dawe, C. L., 1970, The neoplastic cell type in lymphoreticular neoplasms of northern pike, Esox lucius L., Cancer Res. 30: 2712–2717.
Nadel, E. M., 1957, Transplanation of leukemia from inbred to non-inbred guinea pigs, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 19: 351–359.
Nadel, E., Banfield, W., Burstein, S., and Tousimis, A. J., 1967, Virus particles associated with strain 2 guinea pig leukemia (L2C/N-B), J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 38: 979–981.
Nahmias, A. J., and Roizman, B., 1973, Infection with herpes-simplex viruses 1 and 2, N. Engl. J. Med. 289: 667–674.
Nahmias, A. J., Alford, C. A., and Korones, A. B., 1970, Infection of the newborn with Herpesvirus hominis, Adv. Pediatr. 17: 185–226.
Nahmias, A. J., delBuono, I., Schneweis, K. E., Gordon, D. S., and Thies, D., 1971, Type-specific surface antigens of cells infected with herpes simplex virus (1 and 2), Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 138: 21–27.
Nayak, D. P., 1971, Isolation and characterization of a herpesvirus from leukemic guinea pigs, J. Virol. 8: 579–588.
Nayak, D. P., and Murray, P. R., 1973, Induction of type C viruses in cultured guinea pig cells, J. Virol. 12: 177–187.
Newberne, J. W., and Robinson, V. B., 1960, Spontaneous tumors in primates-A report of two cases with notes on the apparent low incidence of neoplasms in subhuman primates, Am. J. Vet. Res. 21: 150–155.
Nowinski, R. C., Old, L. J., Sarkar, N. H., and Moore, D. H., 1970, Common properties of the oncogenic RNA viruses (oncornaviruses). Virology 42: 1152–1157.
Nowinski, R. C., Old, L. J., O’Donnell, P. V. O., and Sanders, F. K., 1971, Serological identification of hamster oncornaviruses. Nature (London) 230: 282–284.
Olsen, R. G., Schaller, J. P., Hoover, E. A., and Yohn, D. S., 1976, Experimental oncornavirus vaccines in the cat, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1975 ( J. Clemmesen and D. S. Yohn, eds.), pp. 515–517, Karger, Basel.
Olson, C., 1974, Bovine lymphosarcoma (leukemia)-A synopsis, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 165: 630–632.
Olson, C., and Baumgartener, L. E., 1975, Lymphosarcoma Geukemia) of cattle, Bovine Pract. 10: 15–22.
Olson, C., and Bullis, K. L., 1942, A survey and study of spontaneous neoplastic diseases in chickens, Mass. Agr. Exp. Stn. Bull. 391.
Olson, C., Miller, L. D., Miller, J. M., and Hoss, H. E., 1972, Transmission of lymphosarcoma from cattle to sheep, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 49: 1463–1467.
Olson, C., Hoss, H. E., Miller, J. M., and Baumgartener, L. E., 1973, Evidence of bovine C-type (leukemia) virus in dairy cattle, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 163: 355–357.
Opler, S. R., 1967, Observations on a new virus associated with guinea pig leukemia: Preliminary note, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 38: 746–798.
Oroszlan, S., Bova, D., Huebner, R. J., and Gilden, R. V., 1972, Major group-specific protein of rat type-C viruses, J. Virol. 10: 746–750.
Papas, T. S., Dahlberg, J. E., and Sonstegard, R. A., 1976, Type-C virus in lymphosarcoma in northern pike (Esox lucius), Nature (London) 261: 506–508.
Parks, W. P., Scolnick, E. M., Noon, M. C., Watson, C. J., and Kawakami, T. G., 1973, Radioimmunoassay of mammaliam type-C polypeptides. IV. Characterization of woolly monkey and gibbon viral antigens. Int. J. Cancer 12: 129–137.
Paulsen, J., Best, E., Frese, K., and Rudolph, R., 1971, Enzootische lymphatische Leukose bei Schafen-Lymphocytose, pathologische Anatomie und Histologie, Zentralbl. Vetinaer-Med. Reihe B 18: 33–43.
Paulsen, J., Rudolph, R., Hoffmann, R., Weiss, E., and Schliesser, T., 1972, C-type virus particles in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocyte cultures with reference to enzootic lymphatic leukosis in sheep, Med. Microbiol. Immunol. 158: 105–112.
Paulsen, J., Rohde, W., Pauli, G., Harms, E., and Bauer, H., 1976, Comparative studies on ovine and bovine C-type particles in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1975 (J. Clemmesen and D. S. Yohn, eds.), pp. 190–192, Karger, Basel.
Ferryman, L. E., Hoover, E. A., and Yohn, D. S., 1972, Immunologic reactivity of the cat: Immuno-suppression in experimental feline leukemia, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 49: 1357–1365.
Piper, C. E., Abt, D. A., Ferrer, J. F., and Marshak, R. R., 1975, Seroepidemiological evidence for horizontal transmission of bovine C-type virus. Cancer Res. 35: 2714–2716.
Porter, P. S., and Baughman, R. D., 1965, Epidemiology of herpes simplex among wrestlers, J. Am. Med. Assoc. 194: 998–1000.
Priester, W. A., and Mason, T. J., 1974, Human cancer mortality in relation to poultry population by county, in 10 southeastern states, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 53: 45–49.
Purchase, H. G., 1975, Progress in the control of Marek’s disease. Am. J. Vet. Res. 36: 587–590.
Purchase, H. G., 1976, Marek’s disease: Epizootology, control, and relationship to oncornaviruses, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1975 ( J. Clemmesen and D. S. Yohn, eds.), pp. 199–203, Karger, Basel.
Rapp, F., 1976, Viruses as an etiologic factor in cancer, Semin. Oncol. 3: 49–63.
Renier, F., Chevrel, L., Friedman, J. C., Gaquiere, G., and Guelfi, J., 1966, Quelque considérations sur les leucoses porcines, Nouv. Rev. Fr. Hématol. 6: 239–252.
Rhim, J. S., Cho, H. Y., Duh, F. G., and Vemon, M. L., 1975, Characterization of murine sarcoma virus, transformation of guinea pig cells and activation of an RNA tumor-like virus from nonproducer guinea pig cells, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1973 ( Y. Ito and R. M. Dutcher, eds.), pp. 153–164, University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo/Karger, Basel.
Rickard, C. G., Post, J. E., Noronha, F., and Barr, L. M. A., 1969, Transmissible virus-induced lymphocytic leukemia of the cat, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 42: 987–1014.
Roizman, B., 1971, Herpesviruses, man and cancer-or the persistence of the viruses of love, in: Of Microbes and Life ( J. Monod and E. Borek, eds.), pp. 189–214, Columbia University Press, New York.
Rongey, R. W., Hlavackova, A., Lara, S., Estes, J., and Gardner, M. B., 1973, Type B and C RNA virus in breast tissue and milk of wild mice, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 50: 1581–1589.
Rosato, F. E., Rosato, E. F., and Plotkin, S. A., 1970, Herpetic paronychia-An occupational hazard of medical personnel, N. Engl. J. Med. 283: 804–805.
Rous, P., 1911, A sarcoma of the fowl transmissible by an agent separable from the tumor cells, J. Exp. Med. 13: 397–411.
Ruben, L. N., and Balls, M., 1967, Further studies of a transmissible amphibian lymphosarcoma, Cancer Res. 27: 293–296.
Rubin, H., Cornelius, A., and Fanshier, L., 1961, The pattern of congenital transmission of an avian leukosis virus, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 47: 1058–1069.
Rubin, H., Fanshier, L., Cornelius, A., and Hughes, W. F., 1962, Tolerance and immunity in chickens after congenital infection with an avian leukosis virus. Virology 17: 143–156.
Runnells, R. A., and Benbrook, E. A., 1944, Malignant lymphoid tumors in horses, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 104: 148–150.
Sarma, P. S., and Log, T., 1973, Subgroup classification of feline leukemia and sarcoma viruses by viral interference and neutralization tests. Virology 54: 160–169.
Saxton, J. A., Jr., Sperling, G. A., Barnes, L., and McCay, C. M., 1948, The influence of nutrition upon the incidence of spontaneous tumors of the albino rat. Acta Unio Int. Contra. Cane rum 6: 423–431.
Schalm, O. W., 1975, Veterinary Hematology, Lea hennie Febiger, Philadelphia.
Schneider, R., 1970, The natural history of malignant lymphoma and sarcoma in cats and their assocaition with cancer in man and dog, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 157: 1753–1758.
Schneider, R., 1972, Human cancer in households containing cats with malignant lymphoma, Int. J. Cancer 10: 338–344.
Schneider, R., 1976, Comparative epidemiological aspects of naturally occurring malignant lymphoma in domestic cats and rhesus monkeys, in: Comparative Leukemia Research 1975 ( J. Clemmesen and D. S. Yohn, eds.), pp. 227–231, Karger, Basel.
Schneider, R., Frye, F. L., Taylor, D. O. N., and Dom, C. R., 1967, A household cluster of feline malignant lymphoma. Cancer Res. 27: 1316–1322.
Servoian, M., Chamberlain, D. M., and Larose, R. N., 1963, Avian lymphomatosis. V. Air-borne transmission, Avian Dis. 7: 102–105.
Sharma, J. M., 1976, Marek’s disease, Lucké frog carcinoma and other animal oncogenic herpesviruses, in: Comparative Luekemia Research 1975 ( J. Clemmesen and D. S. Yohn, eds.), pp. 343–347, Karger, Basel.
Schimizu, T., 1972, Natural transmission of avian leukosis viruses among chickens, Gann Monogr. Cancer Res. 12: 3–9.
Slye, M., 1914, The incidence and inheritability of spontaneous tumors in mice, J. Med. Res. 30: 281–298.
Snyder, S. P., Dungworth, D. L., Kawakami, T. G., Callaway, E., and Lau, D. T.-L., 1973, Lymphosarcomas in two gibbons (Hylobates lar) with associated C-type virus, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 51: 89–94.
Squire, R. A., 1963, Hematopoietic tumors of domestic animals, Cornell Vet. 54: 97–150.
Squire, R. A., 1969, Spontaneous hematopoietic tumors of dogs, Natl. Cancer Inst. Monogr. 32: 97–109.
Steeves, R., 1974, Murine oncornaviruses, in: Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science, Vol. 2 (E. C. Melby, Jr., and N. H. Altman, eds.), pp. 4–11, CRC Press, Cleveland.
Stenback, W. A., Van Hoosier, G. L., Jr., and Trentin, J. J., 1966, Virus particles in hamster tumors as revealed by electron microscopy, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 122: 1219–1223.
Stenback, W. A., Van Hoosier, G. L., Jr., and Trentin, J. J., 1968, Biophysical, biological, and cytochemical features of a virus associated with transplantable hamster tumors, J. Virol. 2: 1115–1121.
Stowell, R. E., Smith, E. K., Espana, C., and Nelson, V. G., 1971, Outbreak of malignant lymphoma in rhesus monkeys, Lab. Invest. 25: 476–479.
Svet-Moldavsky, G. J., Trubcheninova, L., and Ravkina, L. L, 1967, Pathogenicity of the chicken sarcoma virus (Schmidt-Ruppin) for amphibians and reptiles, Nature (London) 214: 300–302.
Teitz, Y., Lennette, E. H., Oshiro, L. S., and Cremer, N. E., 1971, Release of C-type particles from normal rat thymus cultures and those infected with Moloney leukemia virus, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 46: 11–21.
Theilen, G. H., and Dungworth, D. L., 1965, Bovine lymphosarcoma in California. III The calf form. Am. J. Vet. Res. 26: 696–709.
Theilen, G. H., and Fowler, M. E., 1962, Lymphosarcoma (lymphocytic leukemia) in the horse, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 140: 923–930.
Theilen, G. H., Gould, D., Fowler, M., and Dungworth, D. L., 1971, C-type virus in tumor tissue of woolly monkey (Lagothrix spp.) with fibrosarcoma, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 47: 881–889.
Ting, R. C., 1 968, Biological and serological properties of viral particles from a nonproducer rat neoplasm induced by murine sarcoma virus (Moloney), J. Virol. 2: 865–868.
Toit, P. J. du, 1916, Beitrag zur Morphologie des normalen und leukämischen Rinderblutes, Arch. Tierheilk. 43: 144–203.
Ulbrich, F., Best, E., Paulsen, J., Nitzschke, F., and Fritzsche, K., 1970, Beobachtungen an einer von der Leukose befallenen Schafherde, Tieraerztl. Umsch. 25: 277–283.
Van Pelt, R. W., and Conner, G. H., 1968, Clinicopathologic survey of malignant lymphoma in the dog, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 152: 976–989.
Vital Statistics of the United States-1964, 1966, U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Washington, D.C.
Walker, E. P., 1968, Mammals of the World, 2nd Ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
Weber, W. T., 1963, Hematologic aspects of bovine lymphosarcoma, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 108: 1270–1283.
Wight, P. A. L., 1963, Lymphoid leukosis and fowl paralysis in the quail, Vet. Rec. 75: 685–687.
Winters, W. D., and Snow, H. D., 1974a, Immunodiffusion studies of canine lymphosarcoma antigens, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 53: 1027–1031.
Winters, W. D., and Snow, H. D., 1974b, Precipitating antibodies to canine lymphosarcoma-associated antigens. Am. J. Vet. Res. 35: 1333–1335.
Wolfe, L. G., Falk, L. A., and Deinhardt, F., 1971, Oncogenicity of Herpesvirus saimirí in marmoset monkeys, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 47: 1145–1162.
Zeigel, R. F., and Clark, H. F., 1969, Electron microscopic observations on a “C”-type virus in cell culture derived from a tumor-bearing viper, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 46: 309–321.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1978 Plenum Publishing Corporation
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hardy, W.D. (1978). Epidemiology of Primary Neoplasms of Lymphoid Tissues in Animals. In: Twomey, J.J., Good, R.A. (eds) The Immunopathology of Lymphoreticular Neoplasms. Comprehensive Immunology, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-4015-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-4015-7_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4017-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-4015-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive