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Effects of Central Alpha-Adrenoceptor Agonists and Adrenergic-Neuronal Blocking Agents on the Kidney

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Kidney in Essential Hypertension

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 35))

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Abstract

The acute and chronic effects of the central alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists (alpha-methyldopa, clonidine, and guanabenz) and the adrenergic-neuronal blocking agents (reserpine and guanethidine) on renal function, salt and water excretion, body fluid composition, and plasma renin activity are reviewed. The central alpha2-adrenergic agonists have qualitatively similar renal effects: relative preservation of renal function despite persistent reductions in systemic blood pressure, lack of clinically relevant effects on sodium excretion or body fluid composition, and absence of sustained effects on plasma renin activity. Guanabenz may be unique in producing a water diuresis. Reserpine has no clinically relevant renal effects: renal function, salt and water excretion, body fluid composition and plasma renin activity are essentially unchanged. Guanethidine produces significant reductions in renal function and salt and water excretion, significant increases in body fluid volumes, but has no sustained effect on plasma renin activity.

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Authors
  1. John H. Bauer M.D.
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hemodynamic Laboratory, Ochsner Clinic and Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, 1514 Jefferson Highway, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70121, USA

    Franz H. Messerli MD (Director Associate Professor of Medicine) (Director Associate Professor of Medicine)

  2. Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

    Franz H. Messerli MD (Director Associate Professor of Medicine) (Director Associate Professor of Medicine)

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© 1984 Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, Boston/The Hague/Dordrecht/Lancaster

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Bauer, J.H. (1984). Effects of Central Alpha-Adrenoceptor Agonists and Adrenergic-Neuronal Blocking Agents on the Kidney. In: Messerli, F.H. (eds) Kidney in Essential Hypertension. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 35. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3897-0_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3897-0_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-3899-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-3897-0

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