Skip to main content

The Low Altitude Cleft: Plasma Entry and Magnetospheric Topology

  • Chapter
High-Latitude Space Plasma Physics

Part of the book series: Nobel Foundation Symposia Published by Plenum ((NOFS,volume 54))

Abstract

Approximately 11 years (Burch, 1968; Winningham, 1970; Heikkila & Winningham, 1971; Frank, 1971; Frank & Ackerson, 1971 and Russell et al., 1971) after the confirmation of “relatively uninhibited access” of magnetosheath plasma to the earth’s magnetosphere, in a region referred to as the polar cusp, we can pose the following question. Have we advanced our knowledge of the detailed access mechanism and place of entry of solar wind plasma into the magnetosphere and of the detailed magnetospheric magnetic field topology by examination of data acquired in the polar cusp region? In the following review we will attempt to answer this question and to pose future directions for interpretation of data obtained in the polar cusp vis a vis this question.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Burch, J.L., High-latitude satellite observations of electrons and protons at 4000 km, Ph.D. Dissertation, Rice Univ., Houston, Texas, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burch, J.L. and R.A., Heelis, IMF changes and polar cap electric fields and currents, in Dynamics of the Magnetosphere, ed. by S.-I. Akasofu, D. Reidel, p. 47–62, 1979.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Burch, J.L., P.A. Reiff, R.W. Spiro, R.A. Heelis, and S.A. Fields, Cusp region particle precipitation and ion convection for northward interplanetary Magnetic Feild, Geophys. Res. Lett., 7. 393, 1980.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Burke, W.J., M.C. Kelley, R.C. Sagalyn, M. Smiddy, and S.T. Lai, Polar cap electric field structures with a northward interplanetary magnetic field, Geophys. Res. Lett., 6, 21, 1979.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bythrow, P.F., R.A. Heelis, W.B. Hanson, R.A. Power and R.A. Hoffman, Observational evidence for a boundary layer source of dayside region 1 field-aligned currents, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 5577, 1981.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, C.W. and R.B. Torbert, Solar wind ion injections in the morning auroral oval, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 2903, 1980.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Dandekar, B. S. and C.P. Pike. The midday discrete auroral gap, J. Geophys. Res., 83, 4227, 1978.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Frank, L.A., Plasma in the earth’s polar magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 76, 5202, 1971.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Frank, L.A. and K.L. Ackerson, Observations of charged particle precipitation into the auroral zone, J. Geophys. Res., 76, 3612, 1971.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Haerendel, G., G. Paschmann, N. Sckopke, H. Rosenbauer and P. C. Hedgecock, The frontside boundary layer of the magnetosphere and the problem of reconnection, J. Geophys. Res., 83, 3195, 1978.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Heelis, R.A., W. B. Hanson, and J.L. Burch, Ion convection velocity reversals in the dayside cleft, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 3803, 1976.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Heelis, R.A., J.D. Winningham, W.B. Hanson and J.L. Burch, The relationships between high latitude convection reversals and the energetic particle morphology observed by Atmosphere Explorer, ON Geophys. Res., 85, 3315, 1980.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Heikkila, W.J., and J.D. Winningham, Penetration of magnetosheath plasma to low altitudes through the dayside magnetospheric cusps, J. Geophys. Res., 76, 883, 1971.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Heikkila, W.J., The morphology of auroral particle precipitation, Space Res., 12, 1333, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heppner, J. P., Polar cap electric field distributions related to the interplanetary magnetic field direction, JN Geophys. Res., 77, 4877, 1972b.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • McDiarmid, I.B., J.R. Burrows, and E.E. Budzinski, Particle properties in the dayside cleft, Geophys. Res., 81, 221, 1976.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Meng, C.-I., Latitudinal variation of the polar cusp during a geomagnetic storm, Geophys. Res. Lett., 9, 60, 1982.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Murphree, J.S., L.L. Cogger, C.D. Anger, S. Ismail and G.G. Shepherd, Large scale 6300Å 5577Å, 3914Å dayside auroral morphology, Geophys. Res. Lett., 7, 239, 1980.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Paschmann, G., G. Haerendel, N. Sckopke, H. Rosenbauer, and P.C. Hedgecock, Plasma and magnetic field characteristics of the distant polar cusp near local noons The entry layer, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 2883–2899, 1976.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Reiff, P.A., L.W. Hill and J.L. Burch, Solar wind plasma injection at the dayside magnetospheric cusp, J. Geophys. Res., 82, 479, 1977.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Reiff, P.A., J.L. Burch and R.W. Spiro, Cusp proton signatures and the interplanetary magnetic field, CN Geophys. Res., 85, 5997, 1980.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Russell, C.T., C.R. Chappell, M.D. Montgomery, M. Neugebauer and F.A. Scarf, Ogo 5 observations of the polar cusp on November 1, 1968, J. Geophys. Res., 76, 6743, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shelley, E.G., R.D. Sharp, R.G. Johsnon, He++ and H+ flux measurements in the dayside cusps estimates of convection electric field, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 2363, 1976.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Winningham, J.D., Penetration of magnetosheath plasma to low altitudes through the dayside magnetospheric cusps, Ph.D. dissertation, Texas. A&M Univ., College Station, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winningham, J.D., Characteristics of magnetosheath plasma observed at low altitudes in the dayside magnetospheric cusps, in Earth’s Magnetospheric Processes, edited by B.M. McCormac, pp. 68–80, D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 1972.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1983 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Winningham, J.D., Heelis, R.A. (1983). The Low Altitude Cleft: Plasma Entry and Magnetospheric Topology. In: Hultqvist, B., Hagfors, T. (eds) High-Latitude Space Plasma Physics. Nobel Foundation Symposia Published by Plenum, vol 54. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3652-5_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3652-5_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-3654-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-3652-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics