Abstract
Current information suggests that chemical carcinogenesis is a multistage process; in this regard, one of the best studied models is the two-stage carcinogenesis system in mouse skin. Skin tumors can be induced by the sequential application of a subthreshold dose of a carcinogen (initiation phase) followed by repetitive treatments with a noncarcinogenic tumor promoter (promotion phase). The initiation phase requires only a single application of either a direct or indirect carcinogen at a subthreshold dose and is essentially irreversible. The promotion phase is brought about by repetitive treatments after initiation and is initially reversible but later irreversible. The mouse skin system can be used not only to determine the tumor-initiating and tumor-promoting activities of a compound: if the agent is given repeatedly by itself, one can also determine If it is a complete carcinogen (i.e., if it has both tumor-initiating and tumor-promoting activities).
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© 1983 Plenum Press, New York
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Nesnow, S., Triplett, L.L., Slaga, T.J. (1983). Mouse Skin Carcinogenesis: Application to the Analysis of Complex Mixtures. In: Waters, M.D., Sandhu, S.S., Lewtas, J., Claxton, L., Chernoff, N., Nesnow, S. (eds) Short-Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures III. Environmental Science Research, vol 27. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3611-2_26
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3611-2_26
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