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Excitatory Amino Acid Neurotoxins

  • Chapter
Handbook of Psychopharmacology

Abstract

In neuropsychopharmacology, there has been increasing emphasis on defining the functional synaptic circuitry of discrete neuronal pathways within the brain. A classical approach to this problem has relied upon electrothermic or surgical lesions to ablate cell bodies of origin or transect axonal bundles to cause orthograde degeneration of the pathway of interest. For example, such lesions have been employed by neurochemists to determine biochemical parameters specifically associated with or regulated by the pathway, by psychologists to evaluate the role of the pathway in certain behaviors, and by pharmacologists to probe sites of drug action. Unfortunately, the ablation of a discrete brain region results not only in damage to the neurons of interest but destruction of all axons within the lesion. As a consequence, anterograde and retrograde degeneration affecting other neuronal groups can seriously compromise interpretation of the specific association of the effects of the lesion with the pathway of interest. In addition, destructive techniques cannot be applied to the analysis of local circuit neurons since the lesion eliminates all neuronal constituents within its circumference.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Child Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA

    Joseph T. Coyle

  2. Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA

    Joseph T. Coyle

  3. Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA

    Joseph T. Coyle

  4. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA

    Joseph T. Coyle

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  1. Joseph T. Coyle
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  1. Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, UK

    Leslie L. Iversen  & Susan D. Iversen  & 

  2. Department of Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA

    Solomon H. Snyder

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© 1982 Plenum Press, New York

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Coyle, J.T. (1982). Excitatory Amino Acid Neurotoxins. In: Iversen, L.L., Iversen, S.D., Snyder, S.H. (eds) Handbook of Psychopharmacology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3452-1_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3452-1_5

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