Abstract
We have learned a great deal about the patterns of evolution through examination of species differences at the phenotypic level: isozyme patterns, secondary metabolic products, morphological changes, karyotype, or other criteria. Such studies are inherently limited to studying those changes visible to us; many changes in the genome of a particular species may not result in visible phenotypic change. In the last 10 years many innovations in examining the average composition of genomes by reassociation analysis, thermal denaturation of interspecific hybrid DNA molecules, and other procedures have provided a means for examining the total divergence between related genomes. Such procedures can be used to chart the general trends of species-specific changes in genome composition over time, including both individual base changes and phenomena such as loss or amplification of sequences. DNA reassociation procedures necessarily give information on typical patterns, but new methods developed over the last five years can yield information on the evolution of specific gene sequences. These new methods include restriction enzyme digestion patterns and DNA sequencing; in order to accomplish these analyses it is usually necessary to clone a specific sequence of eukaryotic DNA in a phage or plasmid vector.
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© 1980 Plenum Press, New York
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Walbot, V., Beachy, R.N., Yao, MC. (1980). Molecular Techniques Applied to Polyploids. In: Lewis, W.H. (eds) Polyploidy. Basic Life Sciences, vol 13. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3069-1_28
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3069-1_28
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