Skip to main content

Psychoanalysis and Behavior Therapy

  • Chapter
  • 131 Accesses

Part of the book series: Critical Issues in Psychiatry ((CIPS))

Abstract

In this article, two experienced clinicians, trained in both psychoanalytic and behavioral paradigms, present cogent arguments for the advantages of a combined psychodynamic-behavioral approach by a single therapist or (for groups) a single team of cotherapists. They offer a number of clinical vignettes to illustrate their basic theme that the insight-seeking methodology of psychoanalytic psychotherapy and the change-producing techniques of behavior therapy form a complementary system. They assert that a conceptual as well as a clinical integration of the two approaches is not only possible but needed, in order to most fully utilize the data presented in the therapeutic process.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Birk L:Psychoanalytic omniscience and behavioral omnipotence:current trends in psychotherapy. Seminars in Psychiatry 4:113–120, 1972

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Birk L, Stolz S, Brady JP, et al:Behavior Therapy in Psychiatry, Task Force Report no 5. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 1973

    Google Scholar 

  3. Glover E: The Techniques of Psychoanalysis. New York, International Universities Press, 1955, pp 261–350

    Google Scholar 

  4. Cushing JGN:Report of the committee on the evaluation of psychoanalytic therapy. Bulletin of the American Psychoanalytic Association 8:44–50, 1952

    Google Scholar 

  5. Tabachnick N:Research committee report on psychoanalytic practice. The Academy 17 (1):3–5, 1973

    Google Scholar 

  6. Marmor J:The future of psychoanalytic therapy. Am J Psychiatry 130:1197–1202, 1973

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Alexander F :The dynamics of psychotherapy in the light of learning theory. Am J Psychiatry 120:440–448,1963 [See also Chapter 1, this volume.]

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Wolf E :Learning theory and psychoanalysis. Int J Psychiatry 7:525–535, 1969 [See also Chapter 8, this volume.]

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Porter R (ed): The Role of Learning in Psychotherapy. A Ciba Foundation Symposium. Boston, Little, Brown and Co, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  10. Aronson G:Learning theory and psychoanalytic theory. J Am Psychoanal Assoc 20:622–637, 1972

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Marmor J :Dynamic psychotherapy and behavior therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry 24:22–28,1971 [See also Chapter 2, this volume.]

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Sloane RB, Staples FR, Cristol AH, et al: Psychotherapy versus Behavior Therapy. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  13. Sloane RB :The converging paths of behavior therapy and psychotherapy. Int J Psychiatry 7:493–503, 1969 [See also Chapter 12, this volume.]

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Crisp AJ:Transference, symptom emergence, and social repercussion in behavior therapy. Br J Med Psychol 39:179–196, 1966

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Birk L :Behavior therapy:integration with dynamic psychiatry. Behavior Therapy 1:522–526,1970 [See also Chapter 19, this volume.]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Feather BW, Rhoads JM:Psychodynamic behavior therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry 26:503–511,1972 [See also Chapter 21, this volume.]

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rhoads JM, Feather BW:Application of psychodynamics to behavior therapy. Am J Psychiatry 131:17–20, 1974

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Birk L :Intensive group therapy:an effective behavioral-psychoanalytic method. Am J Psychiatry 131:11–16,1974 [See also Chapter 23, this volume.]

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Freud S: An Outline of Psychoanalysis. Translated by Strachey J. New York, WW Norton & Co, 1949

    Google Scholar 

  20. Freud S :The interpretation of dreams (1900), in Complete Psychological Works, standard ed, vols 4–5. Translated and edited by Strachey J. London, Hogarth Press, 1953

    Google Scholar 

  21. Freud S :The interpretation of dreams (1900), in Complete Psychological Works, standard ed, vols 4–5. Translated and edited by Strachey J. London, Hogarth Press, 1953

    Google Scholar 

  22. Fenichel O: The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis. New York, WW Norton & Co, 1945

    Google Scholar 

  23. Nemiah J:Psychodynamic psychotherapy, in Overview of Psychotherapies. Edited by Usdin GL. New York, Brunner/Mazel, 1975, pp 36–50

    Google Scholar 

  24. Alexander F: Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy. New York, WW Norton & Co, 1956

    Google Scholar 

  25. Krasner L:The therapist as a social reinforcement machine, in Research in Psychotherapy, vol 2. Edited by Strupp HH, Luborsky L. Washington, DC, American Psychological Association, 1962, pp 61–94

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  26. Beck A:Cognitive therapy:nature and relation to behavior therapy. Behavior Therapy 1:184–200, 1970

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Stampfl TG, Lewis DJ:Essentials of implosive therapy:a learning-theory-based psychodynamic behavioral therapy. J Abnorm Psychol 72:496–503, 1967

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Locke EA:Is “behavior therapy” behavioristic? (an analysis of Wolpe’s psychotherapeutic methods). Psychol Bull 76:318–327, 1971

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Birk L:Social reinforcement in psychotherapy. Conditional Reflex 3:116–123, 1968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Wolpe J: Psychotherapy by Reciprocal Inhibition. Stanford, Calif. Stanford University Press, 1958

    Google Scholar 

  31. Skinner BF: The Behavior of Organisms. New York, Appleton-Century, 1938

    Google Scholar 

  32. Skinner BF: Science and Human Behavior. New York, Macmillan Co, 1953

    Google Scholar 

  33. Krasner L:Behavior therapy. Annu Rev Psychol 22:483–532, 1971

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Ferster CB:Clinical reinforcement. Seminars in Psychiatry 9:101–111, 1972

    Google Scholar 

  35. Ayllon T, Azrin NH: The Token Economy. New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  36. Lindley OR, Skinner BF:A method for the experimental analysis of behavior of psychotic patients. Am Psychol 9:419–420, 1954

    Google Scholar 

  37. Ferster CB, DeMyer MK:The development of performances in autistic children in an automatically controlled environment. J Chron Dis 13:312–345, 1961

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Harris FR, Johnston MK, Kelley CS, et al:Effects of positive social reinforcement on regressed crawling of a nursery school child. J Educ Psychol 55:35–41, 1964

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Allen KE, Hart BM, Buell JS, et al:Effects of social reinforcement on isolate behavior of a nursery school child. Child Dev 35:511–518, 1964

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Ayllon T, Azrin N:The measurement and reinforcement of behavior of psychotics. J Exp Anal Behav 8:357–383, 1965

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Baer DM, Wolf MM:The reinforcement contingency in pre-school and remedial education, in Early Education. Edited by Hess RD, Bear RM. Chicago, Aldine, 1968, pp 119–129

    Google Scholar 

  42. Shapiro D, Birk L:Group therapy in experimental perspective. Int J Group Psychother 17:211–224, 1967

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Liberman RP, Raskin DE:Depression:a behavioral formulation. Arch Gen Psychiatry 24:515–523, 1971

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Knight RP:Introjection, projection, and identification. Psychoanal Q 9:334–341, 1940

    Google Scholar 

  45. Koff RH:A definition of identification:a review of the literature. Int J Psychoanal 42:362–370, 1961

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Bandura A, Walters RH: Social Learning and Personality Development. New York, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1963

    Google Scholar 

  47. Marmor J: Modern Psychoanalysis:New Directives and Perspectives. New York, Basic Books, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  48. Birk L (ed): Biofeedback:Behavioral Medicine. New York, Grune and Stratton, 1973

    Google Scholar 

  49. Ferster CB:A functional analysis of depression. Am Psychol 28:857–870, 1973

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Seligman MEP:Depression and learned helplessness, in The Psychology of Depression. Edited by Friedman RJ, Katz MM. Washington, DC, Winston-Wiley, 1974, pp 83–113

    Google Scholar 

  51. Miller NE :Interactions between learned and physical factors in mental illness, in Biofeedback and Self-Control, 1972. Edited by Shapiro D, Barber TX, DiCara LV, et al. Chicago, Aldine, 1973, pp 460–476

    Google Scholar 

  52. Suomi SJ, Harlow HF, McKinney WT Jr:Monkey psychiatrists. Am J Psychiatry 128:927–932, 1972

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Lewinsohn PM, Weinstein MS, Shaw DA:Depression:a clinical research approach, in Advances in Behavior Therapy, 1968. Edited by Rubin R, Franks C. New York, Academic Press, 1969, pp 231–240

    Google Scholar 

  54. Lewinsohn PM:The behavioral study and treatment of depression, in Progress in Behavior Modification, vol 1. Edited by Hersen M, Eisler RM, Miller PM. New York, Academic Press, 1975, pp 19–64

    Google Scholar 

  55. Freud S :Mourning and melancholia (1917), in Complete Psychological Works, standard ed, vol 14. Translated and edited by Strachey J. London, Hogarth Press, 1957, pp 243–259

    Google Scholar 

  56. Van Lawick-Goodall J : In the Shadow of Man. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  57. Lindemann E:Symptomatology and management of acute grief. Am J Psychiatry 101:141–153, 1944

    Google Scholar 

  58. Dollard J, Miller NE: Personality and Psychotherapy. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co, 1950

    Google Scholar 

  59. Birk L:Psychoanalysis and behavioral analysis:natural resonance and complementarity. Int J Psychiatry 11:160–166, 1973

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1980 Plenum Publishing Corporation

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Birk, L., Brinkley-Birk, A.W. (1980). Psychoanalysis and Behavior Therapy. In: Marmor, J., Woods, S.M. (eds) The Interface Between the Psychodynamic and Behavioral Therapies. Critical Issues in Psychiatry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3000-4_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3000-4_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-3002-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-3000-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics