Skip to main content

Current Status of Work on Crowding and Suggestions for Housing Design

  • Chapter
  • 176 Accesses

Abstract

The population explosion has given birth to an explosion of a different sort—an enormous outpouring of research on the effects of crowding. Ten years ago there were virtually no papers by psychologists on this subject. Five or six years ago the first ones started appearing and since then there has been an exponential increase in their number. Surely the last few years have seen more papers on crowding than appeared in all the time before that. Now that this area has become a recognized topic for research and has attracted a great many psychologists, perhaps it is time to stop for a moment and see what we know now. This is particularly appropriate since it seems to me that we have passed the initial stage of research—laying out some of the problems and discovering the most obvious facts about crowding—and it is now time to enter the second phase, which should consist of studying the more complex issues and explaining some of the early results.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aiello, J. R., Epstein, Y. M., & Karlin, R. A. Effects of crowding on electrodermal activity. Sociological Symposium, 1975, 14, 43–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, C. S. The urban experience. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freedman, J. L. Crowding and behavior. New York: Viking, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freedman, J. L., Heshka, S., & Levy, A. Population density and pathology: Is there a relationship? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1975, 11, 539–552.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freedman, J., Klevansky, S., & Ehrlich, P. The effect of crowding on human task performance. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 1971, 1, 7–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Galle, O. R., Gove, W. R., & McPherson, J. M. Population density and pathology: What are the relations for man. Science, 1972, 176, 23–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Michelson, W. Environmental change. Research Paper No. 60, Center for Urban and Community studies, University of Toronto, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milgram, S. The experience of living in cities. Science, 1970, 167, 1461–1468.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, R. E. Some social implications of high density housing. American Sociological Review, 1971, 36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stokols, D. On the distinction between density and crowding: Some implications for future research. Psychological Review, 1972, 79, 275–277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wellman, B., & Whitaker, M. High-rise, low-rise: The effects of high density living. Ministry of State, Urban Affairs Canada, 1974, B.74.29.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1979 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Freedman, J.L. (1979). Current Status of Work on Crowding and Suggestions for Housing Design. In: Aiello, J.R., Baum, A. (eds) Residential Crowding and Design. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2967-1_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2967-1_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-2969-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2967-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics