Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Clinical Management of Gastrointestinal Cancer pp 243–274Cite as

Diagnosis and management of gut bleeding in gastrointestinal malignancy

  • Chapter

  • 40 Accesses

Part of the book series: Cancer Treatment and Research ((CTAR,volume 18))

Abstract

Gastrointestinal bleeding represents one of the most challenging areas in medicine today. This is especially true in the patient with cancer. New techniques and approaches to the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal bleeding are being rapidly brought into clinical practice. Gut bleeding in the cancer patient often poses special problems, which will be reviewed in this chapter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Palmer ED: Diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Springfield, Mass, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Palmer ED: The vigorous diagnostic approach to upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage: a 20-year prospective study of 1400 patients. JAMA 207:1477–80, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Schiller KFR, Truelove SC, Williams DG: Haematemesis and melena, with special reference to factors influencing outcome. Br Med J 2: 7–14, 1970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Eastwood GL: Does early endoscopy benefit the patient with active upper gastrointestinal bleeding? Gastroenterology 72: 737–9, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Winans CS: Emergency upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: does haste make waste? Am J Dig Dis 22: 536–40, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Peterson WL, Barnett CC, Smith HJ, Allen MH, Corbett DB: Routine early endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. N Engl J Med 304: 925–9, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Conn HO: To scope or not to scope (Editorial). N Engl J Med 304: 967–9, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Iglesias MC, Dourdourekas D, Adomavicius J, Villa F, Shobassy N, Steigmann F: Prompt endoscopic diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: its value for specific diagnosis and management. Ann Surg 189: 90–5, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Griffiths WJ, Neumann DA, Welsh JD: The visible vessel as an indicator of uncontrolled or recurrent gastrointestinal hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 300: 1411–3, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Klein MS, Ennis F, Sherlock P, Winawer SJ: Stress erosions: a major cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients with malignant disease. Am J Dig Dis 18: 167–71, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Lightdale CJ, Kurtz RC, Sherlock P, Winawer SJ: Aggressive endoscopy in critically ill patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and cancer. Gastrointest Endose 20:152–3, 1974.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Chait MM, Turnbull AD, Winawer SJ: The anatomic distribution of gastric erosions from stress and gastric irritants in patients with cancer. Gastrointest Endose 24: 233–5, 1978.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Harjola PT and Sivula A: Gastric ulceration following experimentally induced hypoxia and hemorrhagic shock: in vivo study of pathogenesis in rabbits. Ann Surg 163: 21–8, 1966.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Menguy R, Deshaillets L, Masters R: Mechanism of stress ulcer: influence of hypovolemic shock on energy metabolism in the gastric mucosa. Gastroenterology 66: 46–55, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Menguy R, Masters YF: Mechanisms of stress ulcer IV. Influence of fasting on the tolerance of gastric mucosal energy metabolism to ischemia and on the incidence of stress ulceration. Gastroenterology 66:1177–86, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Mersereau W, Hinchey EJ: Effect of gastric acidity on gastric ulceration induced by hemorrhage in the rat, utilizing a gastric chamber technique. Gastroenterology 64:1130–5, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Ritchie WP Jr: Acute gastric mucosal damage induced by bile salts, acid, and ischemia. Gastroenterology 68: 699–707, 1975.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Davenport HW: Back-diffusion of acid through the gastric mucosa and its physiological consequences. In: Progress in Gastroenterology, Vol II, Jerzy-Glass G (ed), Grue and Stratton (1970), p 42–56.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kim YS, Kerr R, Lipkin M: Cell proliferation during the development of stress erosions in the mouse stomach. Nature 214: 1180–1, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Brown RC, Langman MJS, Lambert PM: Hospital admissions for peptic ulcer during 1958–1972. Br Med J 1: 35–7, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Elashoff JD, Grossman MI: Trends in hospital admissions and death rates for peptic ulcer in the United States from 1970–1978. Gastroenterology 78: 280–5, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Levy M: Aspirin use in patients with major upper gastrointestinal bleeding and peptic ulcer disease. N Engl J Med 290:1158–62, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Piper DW, Mcintosh JH, Ariotti DE, Fenton BH, Maclennan R: Analgesic ingestion and chronic peptic ulcer. Gastroenterology 80: 427–32, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Way L, Goldman L, Dunphy JE: Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: an analysis of twenty-five cases. Am J Surg 116: 293–303, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Kolts BE, Herbst CA, McGuigan JE: Calcium and secretin-stimulated gastrin release in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Ann Int Med 81: 758–62, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Fox PS, Hofmann JW, DeCosse JJ, Wilson SD: The influence of total gastrectomy on survival in malignant Zollinger-Ellison tumors. Ann Surg 180: 558–66, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Fung WB, Barr A: Fulminant disseminated intravascular coagulation in advanced gastric cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 171: 210–2, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Green PHR, O’Toole KM, Weinberg LM, Goldfarb JP: Early gastric cancer. Gastroenterology 81: 247–56, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hartmann WH, Sherlock P: Gastroduodenal metastases from carcinoma of the breast: an adrenal steroid-induced phenomenon. Cancer 14: 426–31, 1961.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Sharon P, Stalnikovicz R, Rachmilewitz D: Endoscopic diagnosis of duodenal neoplasms causing upper gastrointestinal bleeding. J Clin Gastroenterol 4: 35–8, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Luna A, Meister P, Szanto PB: Esophageal varices in the absence of cirrhosis. Am J Clin Pathol 49: 710–7, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Kurtz RC, Sherlock P, Winawer SJ: Esophageal varices: development secondary to primary and metastatic liver tumors. Arch Int Med 134: 50–1, 1974.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Albacete RA, Matthews MJ, Saini N: Portal vein thrombosis in malignant hepatoma. Ann Int Med 67: 337–48, 1967.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Duff GL: The clinical and pathological features of carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 65: 69–100, 1939.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Berk PD, Popper H, Krueger RF, Decter J, Herzig G, Graw RG: Veno-occlusive disease of the liver after allogenic bone marrow transplantation. Ann Int Med 90:158–64, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Eras P, Goldstein MJ, Sherlock P: Candida infection of the gastrointestinal tract. Medicine 51: 367–79, 1972.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Kodsi BE, Wickremesinghe PC, Kozinn PJ, Kadirawelpillai I, Goldberg PK: Candida esophagitis. A prospective study of 22 cases. Gastroenterology 71: 715–9, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Fishbein PG, Tuthill R, Kressel H, Friedman H, Snape WJ Jr: Herpes simplex esophagitis: a cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Dig Dis Sci 24: 540–4, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Rosen P, Hajdu SI: Visceral herpes virus infections in patients with cancer. Am J Clin Path 56: 459–65, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Lightdale CJ, Wolf DJ, Marcucci RA, Salyer WR: Herpetic esophagitis in patients with cancer: antemortem diagnosis by brush cytology. Cancer 39: 223–6, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Mallory GK, Weiss S: Hemorrhages from lacerations of the cardiac orifice of the stomach due to vomiting. Am J Med Sci 178: 506–15, 1929.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Knauer CM: Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Gastroenterology 71: 5–8, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Fisher RG, Schwartz JT, Graham DY: Angiotherapy with Mallory-Weiss tear. Am J Roent 134: 679–84, 1980.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Vanamee P, Winawer SJ, Sherlock P, Sonenberg M, Lipkin M: Decreased incidence of restraint-stress induced gastric erosions in rats treated with bovine growth hormones. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 135: 259–62, 1970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Winawer SJ, Sherlock P, Sonenberg M, Vanamee P: Beneficial effect of human growth hormone on stress ulcers. Arch Int Med 135: 569–72, 1975.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Simonian SJ, Curtis LE: Treatment of hemorrhagic gastritis by antacid. Ann Surg 184: 429–34, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. MacDonald AS, Steele BJ, Bottomley MG: Treatment of stressinduced upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage with metiamide. Lancet 1: 68–70, 1976.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Dunn DH, Fischer RC, Silvis SE, Onstad GR, Howard RJ, Delaney JP: The treatment of hemorrhagic gastritis with Cimetidine. Surg Gynecol Obstet 147: 737–9, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Pickard RG, Sanderson I, South M, Kirkham JS, Northfield TC: Controlled trial of Cimetidine in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Br Med J 1: 661–2, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Hoare AM, Bradley GVH, Hawkins CF, Kang JY, Dykes PW: Cimetidine in bleeding peptic ulcer. Lancet 2: 671–3, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Kayasseh L, Gyr K, Keller U, Stalder GA, Wall M: Somatostatin and Cimetidine in peptic ulcer hemorrhage. Lancet 1: 844–6, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. MacDougall BRD, Bailey RJ, Williams R: H2-receptor antagonists and antacids in the prevention of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage in fulminant hepatic failure: two controlled trials. Lancet 1: 617–9, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Hastings PR, Skillmann JJ, Bushnell LS, Silen W: Antacid titration in the prevention of acute gastrointestinal bleeding. A controlled, randomized trial in 100 critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 298: 1041–5, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Solem LD, Strate RG, Fischer RP: Antacid therapy and nutritional supplementation in the prevention of Curling’s ulcer. Surg Gynecol Obstet 148: 367–70, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Jones RH, Rudge CJ, Bewick M, Parsons V, Weston MJ: Cimetidine: prophylaxis against upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage after renal transplantation. Br Med J 1: 398–400, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Halloran LG, Zfass AM, Gayle WE, Wheeler CB, Miller JD: Prevention of acute gastrointestinal complications after severe head injury: a controlled trial of Cimetidine prophylaxis. Am J Surg 139: 44–8, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Priebe HJ, Skillman JJ, Bushnell LS, Long PC, Silen W: Antacid versus Cimetidine in preventing acute gastrointestinal bleeding. A randomized trial in 75 critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 302: 426–30, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Stothert JC Jr, Simonowitz DA, Dellinger EP, Farley M, Edwards WA, Blair AD, Cutler R, Carrico CJ: Randomized prospective evaluation of Cimetidine and antacid control of gastric pH in the critically ill. Ann Surg 192: 169–74, 1980.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Robert A: Prostaglandins and the digestive system. In: The prostaglandins, Volume 3, Ramwell PW (ed), Plenum Publishing Corp, New York, 1977, p 225–66.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Robert A, Nezamis JE, Lancaster C, Hanchar AJ: Cytoprotection by prostaglandins in rats. Gastroenterology 77: 433–43, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Baum S, Nusbaum M: The control of gastrointestinal hemorrhage by selective mesenteric arterial infusion of vasopressin. Radiology 98: 497–505, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Athanasoulis CA, Baum S, Waltman AC, Ring EJ, Imbembo A, Vandersalm TJ: Control of acute gastric mucosal hemorrhage. Intraarterial infusion of posterior pituitary extract. N Engl J Med 290: 597–602, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Conn HO, Ramsby GR, Storer EH, Mutchnick MG, Prakash JH, Philips MM, Cohen GA, Fields GN, Petroski D: Intraarterial vasopressin in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a prospective, controlled clinical trial. Gastroenterology 68: 211–21, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Chojkier M, Groszmann RJ, Atterbury Ce, Bar-Meir S, Blei AT, Frankel J, Glickman MG, Kniaz JL, Shade R, Taggart GJ, Conn HO: A controlled comparison of continuous intraarterial and intravenous infusions of vasopressin in hemorrhage from esophageal varices. Gastroenterology 77: 540–6, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Fogel MR, Knauer CM, Ljudevit AL, Mahal AS, Stein DET, Kemeny J, Rinki MM, Walker JE, Siegmund D, Gregory PB: Continuous intravenous vasopressin in active upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 96: 565–9, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Laurence BH, Vallon AG, Cotton PB, Armengol Miro JR, Salord Oses JC, LeBodic L, Sudry P, Fruhmoren P, Bodem F: Endoscopic laser photocoagulation for bleeding peptic ulcer. Lancet 1: 124–5, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Kiefhaber P, Nath G, Moritz K: Endoscopic control of massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage by irradiation with a high-power neodymium-YAG laser. Prog Surg 15: 140–55, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Rutgeerts P, Vontrappen G, Broeckaert J, Janssens J, Coremans G, Geboes K, Schurmans P: Controlled trial of YAG laser treatment of upper digestive hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 83: 410–6, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Vallon AG, Cotton PB, Laurence BH, Armengol Miro JR, Salord Oses JC: Randomized trial of endoscopic argon laser photocoagulation in bleeding peptic ulcers. Gut 22: 228–33, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Papp JP: Endoscopic electrocoagulation of actively bleeding arterial upper gastrointestinal lesions. Am J Gastroenterol 71: 516–21, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Papp JP: Endoscopic electrocoagulation in the management of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Surg Clin North Am 62: 797–806, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Crafoord C, Frenckner P: New surgical treatment of varicose veins of the esophagus. Otolaryngol 27: 422–9, 1939.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Clark AW, Westaby D, Silk DBA, Dawson JL, MacDougall BRD, Mitchell KJ, Strunin L, Williams R: Prospective controlled trial of injection sclerotherapy in patients with cirrhosis and recent variceal hemorrhage. Lancet 2: 552–4, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. MacDougall BRD, Theodossi A, Westaby D, Dawson JL, Williams R: Increased long-term survival in variceal hemorrhage using injection sclerotherapy. Lancet 1:124–7, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Graham DY, Smith JC: The course of patients after variceal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 80: 800–9, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Briley CA, Jackson DC, Johnsrude IS, Mills SR: Acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage of small bowel origin. Radiology 136: 317–9, 1980.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Adler SN, Lyon DT, Sullivan PD: Adenocarcinoma of the small bowel. Clinical features, similarity to regional enteritis, and analysis of 338 documented cases. Am J Gastroenterol 77: 326–30, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Bridge MF, Perzin KH: Primary adenocarcinoma of the jejunum and ileum. A clinicopathologic study. Cancer 36: 1876–87, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Darling RC, Welch CE: Tumors of the small intestine. N Engl J Med 260: 397–408, 1959.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. VonKnorring J, Hockerstedt, Holmstrom T, Salaspuro M, Scheinin TM: Severe gastrointestinal bleeding due to carcinoid tumour of the ileum. Ann Chir Gynaecol 70:18–21, 1981.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. DeCastro CA, Dockerty MB, Mayo CW: Metastatic tumors of the small intestine. Surg Gynecol Obstet 105: 159–65, 1957.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Richman A, Lipsey J: Melanoma of the small intestine and stomach. J Mt Sinai Hosp 17:907–16, 1951.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Beirne MG: Malignant melanoma of the small intestine. Radiology 65: 749–52, 1955.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Chait MM, Kurtz RC, Hajdu SI: Gastrointestinal tract metastasis in patients with germ-cell tumor of the testis. Am J Dig Dis 23: 925–8, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. DeCosse JJ, Rhodes RS, Wentz WB, Reagan JW, Dworken HJ, Holden WD: The natural history and management of radiation-induced injury of the gastrointestinal tract. Ann Surg 170: 369–84, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Cathcart PM, Carthcart RS, Rambo WM: Management of massive lower GI bleeding. Am Surgeon 43: 217–9, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Rigg BM, Ewing MR: Current attitudes on diverticulitis with particular reference to colonic bleeding. Arch Surg 92: 321–2, 1966.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Meyers MA, Alonso DR, Gray GF, Baer JW: Pathogenesis of bleeding colonic diverticulosis. Gastroenterology 71: 477–83, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  89. Herzog P, Holtermuller KH, Preiss J, Fischer J, Ewe K, Schreiber HJ, Berres M: Fecal blood loss in patients with colonic polyps: a comparison of measurements with Chromium51-labeled erythrocytes and with the Haemoccult test. Gastroenterology 83: 957–62, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Weaver GA, Alpern HD, Davis JS, Ramsey WH, Reichelderfer M: Gastrointestinal an-giodysplasia associated with aortic valve disease: Part of a spectrum of angiodysplasia of the gut. Gastroenterology 77: 1–11, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Baum S, Athanasoulis CA, Waltman AC, Galdabini J, Shapiro RH, Warshaw AL, Ottinger LW: Angiodysplasia of the right colon: a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Roentgenol 129: 789–94, 1977.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Boley SJ, Sammartano R, Adams A, DiBiase A, Kleinhaus S, Sprayregen S: On the nature and etiology of vascular ectasias of the colon. Gastroenterology 72: 650–60, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Sakurai Y, Tsuchiya H, Ikegami F, Funatomi T, Takasu S, Uchikoshi T: Acute right-sided hemorrhagic colitis associated with oral Ampicillin administration. Dig Dis Sci 24: 910–5, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Steinberg D, Gold J, Brodin A. Necrotizing enterocolitis in leukemia. Arch Intern Med 131: 538–44, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. DelFava RZ, Cronin TG: Typhlitis complicating leukemia in an adult. Barium enema findings. Am J Roentgenol 129: 347–8, 1977.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Kies MS, Luedke DW, Boyd JF, McCue MJ: Neutropenic enterocolitis: two case reports of long-term survival following surgery. Cancer 43: 730–4, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Knutson CO, Max MH: Value of colonoscopy in patients with rectal blood loss unexplained by rigid proctosigmoidoscopy and barium contrast enema examination. Am J Surg 139:84–7, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Tedesco FJ, Waye JD, Raskin JB, Morris S J, Greenwald RA: Colonoscopic evaluation of rectal bleeding. Ann Intern Med 89: 907–9, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Bunker SR, Brown JM, McAuley RJ, Lull RJ, Jackson JH, Hattner RS, Huberty JP: Detection of gastrointestinal bleeding sites. Use of in vitro technetium Tc99m-labeled RBC’s. JAMA 247: 789–92, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Markisz JA, Front D, Royal HD, Sacks B, Parker A, Kolodny GM: An evaluation of 99mTc-labeled red blood cell scintigraphy for the detection and localization of gastrointestinal bleeding sites. Gastroenterology 83: 394–8, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Casarella WJ, Galloway SJ, Taxin RN, Follett DH, Pollock EJ, Seaman WB: ‘Lower’ gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage: new concepts based on arteriography. Am J Roentgenol 121: 357–68, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Adams JT: The barium enemas as treatment for massive diverticular bleeding. Dis Colon Rectum 17: 439–41, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Wright HK, Pelliccia O, Higgins EF, Screenivas V, Gupta A: Controlled, semi-elective, segmental resection for massive colonic hemorrhage. Am J Surg 139: 535–8, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Robert C. Kurtz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA

    Jerome J. Decosse M.D.  & Paul Sherlock M.D.  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1984 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kurtz, R.C. (1984). Diagnosis and management of gut bleeding in gastrointestinal malignancy. In: Decosse, J.J., Sherlock, P. (eds) Clinical Management of Gastrointestinal Cancer. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 18. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2833-9_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2833-9_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9790-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2833-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation