Abstract
The direction of current biological research into affective illness has grown naturally from the burgeoning of neuroscience. The rapidly advancing field of biochemical pharmacology has been a particular stimulus, and much of the theory guiding investigation both in the clinic and in the laboratory can be traced back to this source. We will place this body of knowledge at the core of this review and draw its connections with other areas of investigation. For example, the biochemical information gathered in metabolic studies of depressed persons is complemented by recent studies in clinical psychopharmacology. Together, these two bodies of data may facilitate a more precise approach to drug treatment. Similarly, specific measures of sleep disturbance and steroid metabolism appear to be highly correlated with clinical state. Such state-dependent variables may permit a biologically based diagnostic assessment, thus assisting clinical judgment and inferring the potential importance of routine neurophysiological and endocrinological testing in the clinic setting.
From the particular effect of an already well-known drug on a particular mental process, the possibility exists to better recognize the true nature of the latter. Emil Kraepelin1 Psychiatry (1913)
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Whybrow, P.C., Akiskal, H.S., McKinney, W.T. (1984). The Emerging Neurobiology of Mood Disorder. In: Mood Disorders. Critical Issues in Psychiatry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2729-5_7
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