Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Black Hole Evaporations and Their Cosmological Consequences

  • Chapter
Quantum Gravity

  • 433 Accesses

Abstract

It is now generally accepted that a black hole can emit particles through quantum effects with the consequences that any hole smaller than about 1015g would evaporate within the age of the Universe. Such small black holes could probably only form in the first few moments of the big bang because it is hard to envisage any other situation which would permit the huge compression required to produce them. In this paper I will first discuss the possibility that such primordial black holes (pbh’s) did in fact form and I will then review the possible cosmological consequences of their evaporations. The wide range of cosmological effects which have already been studied in the literature is illustrated in the table below; this will form the basis of the subsequent discussion.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. S.W. Hawking, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.152, 75 (1971).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. D.K. Nadejin, I.D. Novikov & A.G. Polnarev Sov. Astron.22, 129 (1978).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Ya. B. Zeldovich & I.D. Novikov, Sov. Astron. A.J.10, 602 (1967).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. B.J. Carr, Comm. Astrophys.7, 161. (1978).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. B.J. Carr & S.W. Hawking, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.168, 399 (1974).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. G.V. Bicknell & R.N. Henriksen, Astrophys. J.225, 237 (1978).

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. D.N. Lin, B.J. Carr & S.M. Fall, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.177, 51 (1976).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. G.V. icknell & R.N. Henriksen, Astrophys. J.219, 1043 (1978).

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. N.A. Zabotin & P.D. Nasel’skii, Sov. Astron. Lett.6, 7 (1980).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. B.J. Carr, Astrophys. J.201, 1 (1975).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. D. Lindley, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.196, 317 (1981).

    ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. L.S. Marochnik, P.O. Nasel’skii & N.A. Zabotin, SRI Preprint 564 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  13. J.D. Barrow & B.J. Carr, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.182, 537 (1978).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. B.J. Carr, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.181, 293 (1977).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. V. Canuto, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.184, 721 (1978).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. M. Yu. Khlopov & A.G. Polnarev, SRI Preprint 578 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  17. S.W. Hawking, I.G. Moss & J.M. Stewart, preprint (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  18. M. Yu. Khlopov & A.G. Polnarev, S.R.I. Preprint 646 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  19. S.W. Hawking, Nature248, 30 (1974).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. S.W. Hawking, Commun. Math. Phys.43, 199 (1975).

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. G.W. Gibbons, Commun. Math. Phys.44, 245 (1975).

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. D.N. Page, Phys. Rev. D.13, 198 (1–976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. D.N. Page, Phys. Rev. D.14, 3260 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. D.N. Page, Phys. Rev. D.16, 2402 (1977).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. R. Hagedorn, Astron. Astrophys.5, 184 (1970).

    ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. I.D. Novikov, A.G. Polnarev, A.A. Starobinskii & Ya B. Zeldovich, Astron. Astrophys.80, 104 (1979).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. B.J. Carr, Astrophys. J.206, 8 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. D.N. Page & S.W. Hawking, Astrophys. J.206, 1 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. C.E. Fichtel, R.C. Hartman, D.A. Kniffen, D..J. Thompson, G.F. Bignami, H. Ögelman, M.F. Özel & T. Tümer, Astrophys. J.198, 163 (1975).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. G.F. Chapline, Nature253, 251 (1975).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ya. B. Zeldovich & R.A. Sunyaev; Astrophys. Space Sci.4301 (1969).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. Ya. B. Zeldovich & A.A. Starobinskii, JETP Lett.24, 571 (1976).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. P.D. Nasel’skii, Pisma Astron. Zh. 4, 387 (1978).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. B. Carter, G.W. Gibbons, D.N.C. Lin & M.J. Perry, Astron. Astrophys.52, 427 (1976).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. A.I. Belyaevskii, V.L. Bokov, V.K. Bocharkin, I.F. Bugakov, G.M. Gorodinskii, Yu. G. Derevitskii, E.M. Kruglov, G.A. Pyatigorskii & E.I. Chuikin, JETP Lett.21, 345 (1975).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. N.A. Porter & T.C. Weekes, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.183, 205 (1978).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. N.A. Porter & T.C. Weekes, Nature277, 199 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. D.J. Fegan, B. McBreen, D. O’Brien & C. O’Sullivan, Nature271, 731 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. M.J. Rees, Nature266, 333 (1977).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. R.D. Blandford, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.181, 489 (1977).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. S. Phinney & J.H. Taylor, Nature277, 117 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. W.P.S. Meikle, Nature269, 41 ( 1977.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. N.A. Porter & T.C. Weekes,267, 501 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  44. J.V. Jelley, G.A. Baird & E O’Mongain, Nature 267, 499 (1977).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. A.C. Cummings, E.C. Stone & R.E. Vogt,13th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Denver (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  46. M. Leventhal, C.J. MacCallum & P.D. Stang, Astrophys. J. Lett.225, L11 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. P.D. Nasel’skii & N.V. Pelikhov, Sov. Astron.23, 402 (1979).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. R.R. Daniel & S.A. Stephens, Space Sci. Rev.17, 45 (1975).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. P. N. Okeke & M. J. Rees, Astron. Astrophys.81, 263 (1980).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. S.M. Faber & J.S. Gallagher, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.17, 135 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. A. Buffington, S.M. Schindler & C.R. Pennypacker, Astrophys. J.248, 1179 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. R.L. Goldenet al.,Phys Rev. Lett43, 1196 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. P. Kiraly, J. Szabelski, J. Wdowczyk & A.W. Wolfendale, Nature293, 120 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. M.S. Turner, Nature, in press (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  55. B.J. Carr, G.W. Gibbons & J. Richet, preprint (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  56. O. Sawada, M. Fukugita & J. Arafune, Astrophys. J.248, 1162 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. R.V. Wagoner, Astrophys. J.179, 343 (1973).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  58. S. Miyama & K. Sato, Prog. Theor. Phys.59, 1012 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. B.V. Vainer & P.D. Nasel’skii, Sov. Astron.22, 138 (1978).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. D. Lindley, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.193, 593 (1980).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. B.V. Vainer & P.D. Nasel’skii, Sov. Astron. Lett.3, 76 (1977).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  62. B.V. Vainer, O.V. Dryzhakova & P.D. Nasel’skii, Sov. Astron. Lett.4, 185 (1978).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  63. Ya. B. Zeldovich, A.A. Starobinskii, M. Yu. Khlopov & V.M. Chechetkin, Sov. Astron. Lett.3, 110 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  64. T. Rothman & R. Matzner, Astrophys. Space Sci.75, 229 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. J.R. Gott, J.E. Gunn, D.N. Schramm & B.M. Tinsley, Astrophys. J.194, 543 (1974).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  66. D.A. Leahy & A. Vilenkin, Astrophys. J.248, 13 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  67. S. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. Lett.42, 850 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. M. Yoshimura, Phys. Rev. Lett.41, 281 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  69. J.N. Fry, K.A. Olive & M.S. Turner, Phys. Rev. D.22, 2953 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  70. E.W. Kolb & S. Wolfram, Nucl. Phys. B.172, 224 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  71. S.W. Hawking, Commun. Math. Phys.80, 421 (1981).

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  72. Ya. B. Zeldovich, JETP Lett.24, 25 (1977).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  73. M.S. Turner & D.N. SchrammI Nature279, 303 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  74. D. Lindley, Prog. Nucl. Part. Phys.6, 279 (1981). _

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  75. J.D. Barrow, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.192, 427 (1980).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  76. M.S. Turner, Phys. Lett. B.89, 155 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  77. Yu. A. Beletsky, A.I. Bugrij, E.S. Martynov & A.A. Trushevsky, preprint (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  78. L. Donazzolo & A.F. Grillo, preprint.

    Google Scholar 

  79. R. Omnès, Astron. Astrophys. 10, 228 (1971).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  80. G. Steigmann, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.14, 339 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  81. S. Hacyan, Astrophys. J., 42 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  82. E. Bettwieser & W. Glatzel, Astron. Astrophys.94, 306 (1981).

    ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  83. G.V. Bicknell & R.N. Henriksen, Astrophys. J.232, 690 (1979).

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  84. M. Demianski & J.P. Lasota, Nature P.S.241, 5371972).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  85. I.D. Novikov & A.G. Polnarev, Sov. Astron.24, 2 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  86. A.F. Grillo & Y. Srivastava, Northeastern University of Boston Preprint 2478 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  87. A.F. Grillo, Phys. Lett. B.94, 364 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  88. C.L. Bhat, H. Razdan & M.L. Sapru, Astron. Space Sci.73, 513 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  89. B.J. Carr & J.D. Barrow, Gen. Rel. Grav.11, 383 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  90. K. Greisen,Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  91. J.D. Barrow, Nature272, 211 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  92. M.A. Markov, Institute for Nuclear Research Preprint P-0207 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, England

    B. J. Carr

Authors
  1. B. J. Carr
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, USSR

    M. A. Markov

  2. King’s College, London, England

    P. C. West

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1984 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Carr, B.J. (1984). Black Hole Evaporations and Their Cosmological Consequences. In: Markov, M.A., West, P.C. (eds) Quantum Gravity. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2701-1_23

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2701-1_23

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9678-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2701-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation