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Miscellaneous

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Computed Tomography of Congenital Brain Malformations

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Abstract

These congenital anomalies connote protrusion of brain and its coverings through a calvarial defect. Meningocele implies herniation through the bone defect of the meninges, meningoencephalocele brain and meninges; encepahlocele only the brain. Encephalocele is the commonest and occurs mainly (75 percent or so) in the occipital region. The cerebral tissue contained in the encephalocele is usually dysplastic. Basal encephaloceles occur through defect in the skull base — cribriform plate, sphenoid bone, orbital fissures — and can present as nasopharyngeal “tumor” or “polyp.” Frontoethmoid encephaloceles are particularly common in Thailand (6,7). Hydrocephalus is far more common in encephaloceles than in the others. Associated anomalies include dysgenesis of corpus callosum, chiari malformation, aqueductal stenosis, gray matter heterotopia, spinal dysraphism, and cerebellar dysplasia. If the herniated neural tissue is large, the skull becomes microcephalic.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Neuroradiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Mohammad Sarwar M.D. (Associate Professor of Diagnostic Radiology)

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  1. Mohammad Sarwar M.D.
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© 1985 Warren H. Green, Inc.

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Sarwar, M. (1985). Miscellaneous. In: Computed Tomography of Congenital Brain Malformations. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2571-0_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2571-0_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9614-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2571-0

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